托福閱讀真題練習：烤箱由來的文本+真題+答案,。本文將為托?？忌峁┮黄P于烤箱起源的閱讀材料，以及相關的練習題和答案,，幫助大家在備考過程中提高閱讀理解能力,。

TOEFL Reading Passage:

In the 17th century, cooking in colonial North America primarily took place in fireplaces. These fireplaces were not only for warmth but also designed for cooking. In the Northeast, they typically stood four to five feet tall, while in the South, they were often large enough for a person to enter. A heavy timber known as the mantel tree served as a support for the stonework above the fireplace opening, occasionally getting scorched but remaining safe from fire due to its position.

Two ledges inside the chimney held the ends of a "lug pole," from which pots were hung for cooking. Freshly cut wood was used for the lug pole, allowing it to withstand heat, but it required frequent replacement due to drying out and charring. Occasionally, the pole would break, causing the dinner to fall into the fire. With the increased availability of iron, it eventually replaced wood for lug poles, leading to the development of pivoting metal rods for hanging pots.

The oven was integrated into the fireplace structure. It resembled a small secondary fireplace with a flue that connected to the main chimney for smoke ventilation. While some ovens had doors facing the room, most opened into the fireplace. On baking days, a robust fire of "oven wood," mainly composed of brown maple sticks, was kept burning until the oven walls were extremely hot. After removing the embers, bread dough was placed inside, and the oven was sealed until the bread was fully baked.

Not all baking occurred in large ovens; an iron "bake kettle" resembling a stewpot on legs was also utilized. This kettle performed well when placed in the fireplace, surrounded by glowing embers, with additional embers piled on its lid.

TOEFL Reading Questions:

1. Which of the following aspects of domestic life in colonial North America does the passage mainly discuss?

(A) methods of baking bread

(B) fireplace cooking

(C) the use of iron kettles in a typical kitchen

(D) the types of wood used in preparing meals

2. The author mentions the fireplaces built in the South to illustrate

(A) how the materials used were similar to the materials used in northeastern fireplaces

(B) that they served diverse functions

(C) that they were usually larger than northeastern fireplaces

(D) how they were

托福考試中的閱讀部分是許多考生感到挑戰(zhàn)的一部分,。為了幫助你更好地準備,，我將分享一些關于“托福閱讀真題解析”的經驗和技巧，幫助你提升閱讀理解能力,。??

1. 理解題型

在托福閱讀中,，你會遇到不同的題型，比如：

• Detail Questions: 這些問題通常要求你找到文章中的具體信息,。
• Inference Questions: 這些問題需要你根據(jù)文章內容推斷出作者未直接表達的觀點,。
• Vocabulary Questions: 這些問題要求你理解特定單詞在上下文中的含義。
• Main Idea Questions: 這些問題會詢問文章的主旨或主題,。

了解每種題型的特點,，可以幫助你有效應對不同的問題。??

2. 閱讀技巧

為了提高你的閱讀速度和理解能力,，可以嘗試以下技巧：

• Skimming: 快速瀏覽文章,，抓住主旨和大意。這對于回答Main Idea Questions非常有效,。
• Scanning: 針對具體問題，快速查找相關信息,。特別是Detail Questions時,，這種方法可以節(jié)省時間。
• Taking Notes: 在閱讀過程中做簡要筆記,，記錄重要的信息和關鍵詞,，有助于后續(xù)回顧。

通過這些技巧,，你可以更高效地處理閱讀材料,。?

3. 真題解析

分析真題是提升閱讀能力的重要一步。以下是一個典型的托福閱讀題目示例：

Reading Passage: "The Impact of Climate Change on Marine Life"

Questions:

• What is the main idea of the passage?
• According to the passage, how does climate change affect fish populations?
• What does the word 'adapt' in paragraph 3 mean?

在解析這些問題時,，注意文章的結構和邏輯關系,。比如，第一段通常會引入主題,，而后面的段落則提供支持細節(jié),。??

4. 詞匯積累

豐富的詞匯量對于閱讀理解至關重要,。建議每天學習新單詞，并嘗試在上下文中使用它們,。以下是一些常見的托福詞匯：

• Adapt: To adjust or modify.
• Conservation: The protection of natural resources.
• Ecosystem: A community of living organisms and their environment.

通過不斷積累詞匯,，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在閱讀時更加游刃有余。??

5. 模擬練習

進行模擬練習可以幫助你熟悉考試的節(jié)奏和時間管理,?？梢允褂猛懈９俜降木毩暡牧希蛘咂渌麄淇紩械恼骖},。確保在規(guī)定時間內完成閱讀和回答問題,，以提高你的應試能力。?

6. 心態(tài)調整

最后,，保持積極的心態(tài)是非常重要的,。閱讀理解是一個逐步提升的過程，不要因為一時的困難而氣餒,。相信自己的努力,，持續(xù)練習，你一定會看到進步,。??

希望這些經驗和技巧能幫助你在托福閱讀部分取得更好的成績,！祝你備考順利！??

As a TOEFL test taker, mastering reading comprehension is crucial for achieving a high score. One interesting topic that may appear in the reading section is the history of everyday objects, such as the oven. Understanding the origin and evolution of the oven can not only enhance your vocabulary but also provide context for various reading passages. Let's explore this topic together! ??

The Origin of the Oven

The oven, as we know it today, has a fascinating history that dates back thousands of years. The first ovens were used by ancient civilizations like the Egyptians and Romans. These early ovens were primarily made of clay and were used to bake bread. ??

In ancient Egypt, ovens were often built into the ground and heated with wood or charcoal. This method allowed for even cooking and was essential for making the staple food of the time—bread. Similarly, the Romans improved upon this design by creating domed ovens that allowed for better heat circulation. They even introduced the concept of using different fuels, such as wood and coal, to achieve various cooking temperatures.

Evolution Through the Ages

As we moved into the Middle Ages, ovens became more common in households. The introduction of brick ovens marked a significant advancement in baking technology. These ovens retained heat better than their clay predecessors, allowing for more efficient cooking. ??

During the Renaissance, the design of ovens evolved further with the invention of the fireplace oven, which combined the cooking capabilities of a fireplace with the efficiency of an oven. This innovation made it easier to prepare multiple dishes at once, catering to the growing culinary demands of society.

Modern Ovens: A Technological Breakthrough

The Industrial Revolution brought about significant changes in oven technology. The introduction of cast iron stoves in the 18th century revolutionized home cooking. These stoves provided consistent heat and allowed for more precise control over cooking temperatures. ??

In the 20th century, electric and gas ovens became widely available, making cooking more accessible to the average household. Today, we have a variety of ovens, including convection ovens, microwaves, and even smart ovens that can be controlled via smartphone apps. This evolution reflects our changing lifestyles and technological advancements.

Vocabulary to Enhance Your Reading Skills

As you prepare for the TOEFL reading section, it’s essential to expand your vocabulary. Here are some words related to the topic of ovens:

• Convection: A method of heat transfer that involves the movement of fluids (such as air) to cook food evenly.
• Domed: Shaped like a dome; often used to describe the design of traditional ovens.
• Retain: To keep or hold onto something, such as heat in an oven.
• Culinary: Related to cooking or the kitchen.
• Innovate: To introduce new ideas or methods.

Practice Questions

After reading about the history of ovens, consider these practice questions to test your comprehension:

1. What materials were the first ovens made from?
2. How did the design of ovens change during the Renaissance?
3. What are some modern types of ovens mentioned in the text?

Sample Answer for Practice Question 1

The first ovens were primarily made of clay and were used by ancient civilizations like the Egyptians and Romans to bake bread.

New Topics for Reading Practice

Here are some new topics you might encounter in the TOEFL reading section that relate to the history of cooking and kitchen appliances:

• The development of kitchen appliances in the 20th century
• Traditional cooking methods around the world
• The impact of technology on modern cooking

By understanding the history and evolution of common kitchen items like ovens, you can enhance your reading comprehension skills for the TOEFL exam. Remember to practice regularly and expand your vocabulary to improve your chances of success! Good luck! ??

對于許多托?？忌鷣碚f,，閱讀部分常常是一個挑戰(zhàn)。為了幫助大家更好地備考,，以下是一些有效的備考資料和方法,，希望能對你們有所幫助！??

1. 了解托福閱讀結構

托福閱讀部分通常包含三到四篇文章,，每篇文章大約700詞,，問題數(shù)量在10-14道之間。這些文章涵蓋各種主題,，如科學,、歷史、藝術等,。了解這些結構有助于提高你的應試能力,。

2. 推薦備考書籍

• “The Official Guide to the TOEFL Test” - 這是ETS官方出版的書籍，提供真實的考試題目和詳細的解答解析,。
• “Barron's TOEFL iBT” - 包含模擬測試和練習題,，適合全面提升你的閱讀能力。
• “Kaplan's TOEFL iBT Premier” - 提供在線資源和視頻講解,，幫助你更好地理解難點,。

3. 閱讀練習資源

除了書籍,，網絡上也有很多免費的資源可以利用：

• ETS官方網站 - 提供樣題和考試信息。
• TOEFL Practice Online (TPO) - 真實的模擬考試,，可以幫助你熟悉考試環(huán)境,。
• Quizlet - 用于單詞記憶和復習的工具，可以幫助你積累托福高頻詞匯,。

4. 日常閱讀習慣

養(yǎng)成每天閱讀英語材料的習慣是非常重要的,。可以選擇閱讀英文新聞,、雜志或學術文章,，這不僅能提高你的閱讀速度，還能幫助你熟悉不同的寫作風格和詞匯使用,。推薦的網站有：

• The New York Times
• National Geographic
• Scientific American

5. 模擬考試

定期進行模擬考試是檢驗自己學習效果的重要方法,。建議每周至少進行一次完整的托福閱讀模擬測試。通過這種方式,，你可以找到自己的薄弱環(huán)節(jié),，并及時調整學習計劃。

6. 常見題型分析

托福閱讀中常見的題型包括：

• Detail Questions - 需要你找到文章中的具體信息,。
• Inference Questions - 要求你根據(jù)文章內容推理出作者的觀點,。
• Vocabulary Questions - 考查你對特定單詞的理解。
• Main Idea Questions - 測試你對文章主旨的把握,。

7. 詞匯積累

詞匯是閱讀理解的基礎,。建議使用單詞卡片、應用程序（如Anki）或詞匯書來積累常見的托福詞匯,。以下是一些高頻詞匯示例：

• Analyze - 分析
• Significant - 重要的
• Interpret - 解釋
• Contribute - 貢獻

8. 參考答案和解析

在做完練習后,，務必查看參考答案和解析。這能幫助你理解錯誤的原因并改進,。以下是一個示例題目及其參考答案：

Sample Question: What is the main idea of the passage?

Answer: The main idea is that environmental changes have significant impacts on wildlife.

9. 新題預測

雖然無法準確預測考試題目,，但可以關注當前熱點話題，如氣候變化,、科技發(fā)展等。這些主題可能會在閱讀部分出現(xiàn),。

希望以上備考資料和建議能幫助你在托福閱讀部分取得好成績,！加油！??