托福閱讀真題練習(xí)是提高托福成績(jī)的重要環(huán)節(jié)，尤其是對(duì)潛熱的理解和應(yīng)用,。本文將為大家提供一篇關(guān)于潛熱的閱讀文本,、相關(guān)真題及答案,，幫助考生更好地備考。

TOEFL Reading Passage:

Because the low latitudes of the Earth, the areas near the equator, receive more heat than the latitudes near the poles, and because the nature of heat is to expand and move, heat is transported from the tropics to the middle and high latitudes. Some of this heat is moved by winds and some by ocean currents, and some gets stored in the atmosphere in the form of latent heat. The term "latent heat" refers to the energy that has to be used to convert liquid water to water vapor. We know that if we warm a pan of water on a stove, it will evaporate, or turn into vapor, faster than if it is allowed to sit at room temperature. We also know that if we hang wet clothes outside in the summertime they will dry faster than in winter, when temperatures are colder. The energy used in both cases to change liquid water to water vapor is supplied by heat — supplied by the stove in the first case and by the Sun in the latter case. This energy is not lost. It is stored in water vapor in the atmosphere as latent heat. Eventually, the water stored as vapor in the atmosphere will condense to liquid again, and the energy will be released to the atmosphere.

In the atmosphere, a large portion of the Sun's incoming energy is used to evaporate water, primarily in the tropical oceans. Scientists have tried to quantify this proportion of the Sun's energy. By analyzing temperature, water vapor, and wind data around the globe, they have estimated the quantity to be about 90 watts per square meter, or nearly 30 percent of the Sun's energy. Once this latent heat is stored within the atmosphere, it can be transported, primarily to higher latitudes, by prevailing, large-scale winds. Or it can be transported vertically to higher levels in the atmosphere, where it forms clouds and subsequent storms, which then release the energy back to the atmosphere.

TOEFL Reading Questions:

1. The passage mainly discusses how heat
(A) is transformed and transported in the Earth's atmosphere
(B) is transported by ocean currents
(C) can be measured and analyzed by scientists
(D) moves about the Earth's equator

2. The passage mentions that the tropics differ from the Earth's polar regions in which of the following ways?
(A) The height of cloud formation in the atmosphere.
(B) The amount of heat they receive from the Sun.
(C) The strength of their large-scale winds.
(D) The strength of their oceanic currents.

3. The word "convert" in line 6 is closest in meaning to
(A) mix
(B) change
(C) adapt
(D) reduce

4. Why does the author mention "the stove" in line 10?
(A) To describe the heat of the Sun.
(B) To illustrate how water vapor is stored.
(C) To show how energy is stored.
(D) To give an example of a heat source.

5. According to the passage, most ocean water evaporation occurs especially
(A) around the higher latitudes
(B) in the tropics
(C) because of large-scale winds
(D) because of strong ocean currents

6. According to the passage, 30 percent of the Sun's incoming energy
(A) is stored in clouds in the lower latitudes
(B) is transported by ocean currents
(C) never leaves the upper atmosphere
(D) gets stored as latent heat

7. The word "it" in line 18 refers to
(A) square meter
(B) the Sun's energy
(C) latent heat
(D) the atmosphere

8. The word "primarily" in line 19 is closest in meaning to
(A) chiefly
(B) originally
(C) basically
(D) clearly

9. The word "prevailing" in line 19 is closest in meaning to
(A) essential
(B)

托福（TOEFL）考試是許多非英語(yǔ)國(guó)家學(xué)生進(jìn)入英語(yǔ)國(guó)家大學(xué)的必經(jīng)之路。對(duì)于考生而言,，閱讀部分常常是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn),。在這篇文章中,，我們將深入探討“托福閱讀真題解析”，幫助你更好地理解和應(yīng)對(duì)這一部分的考試,。

一,、了解托福閱讀結(jié)構(gòu)??

托福閱讀部分通常包含3到4篇文章,，每篇文章約700詞,，后面會(huì)有10個(gè)問(wèn)題,。問(wèn)題類(lèi)型包括：

• Detail Questions: 這些問(wèn)題要求你找到文章中的具體信息。
• Inference Questions: 這些問(wèn)題需要你根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容進(jìn)行推理。
• Vocabulary Questions: 這些問(wèn)題測(cè)試你對(duì)特定單詞含義的理解。
• Reference Questions: 這些問(wèn)題詢(xún)問(wèn)某個(gè)代詞或詞語(yǔ)所指代的內(nèi)容,。

二,、真題示例與解析??

以下是一個(gè)典型的托福閱讀真題示例：

Passage Text: "The migration patterns of birds are influenced by various factors, including climate change and availability of food sources. As temperatures rise, some species have been observed to alter their migration routes."

Question: What is one reason mentioned for the change in bird migration patterns?

Answer Choices: A) Increase in food sources B) Climate change C) Decrease in temperatures D) Habitat destruction

正確答案: B) Climate change

三,、提高閱讀理解能力的方法??

為了在托福閱讀部分取得好成績(jī)，考生可以采取以下幾種方法：

• 每日閱讀: 每天堅(jiān)持閱讀英文文章,，比如新聞,、科學(xué)雜志等,，這能幫助你提高對(duì)不同主題的熟悉度,。
• 做真題練習(xí): 通過(guò)做歷年的托福閱讀真題,，了解考試的出題風(fēng)格和常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題類(lèi)型,。
• 擴(kuò)展詞匯量: 制定一個(gè)詞匯學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃，利用詞匯卡片記憶新單詞,，尤其是學(xué)術(shù)詞匯,。
• 總結(jié)文章結(jié)構(gòu): 在閱讀時(shí)，嘗試總結(jié)每段的主旨和論點(diǎn),，這有助于提高整體理解,。

四、時(shí)間管理技巧?

托福閱讀部分限時(shí)為60分鐘,，因此有效的時(shí)間管理至關(guān)重要,。以下是一些建議：

• 分配時(shí)間: 每篇文章大約20分鐘，確保留出時(shí)間回答所有問(wèn)題,。
• 快速瀏覽: 首先快速瀏覽文章,，抓住主要觀點(diǎn)，然后再仔細(xì)閱讀,。
• 標(biāo)記難題: 如果遇到難題,，可以先跳過(guò)，待完成其他問(wèn)題后再回頭解決,。

五,、模擬考試的重要性??

參加模擬考試可以幫助你適應(yīng)真實(shí)考試的環(huán)境。建議考生安排幾次完整的模擬測(cè)試,，確保在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)完成閱讀部分,。這不僅能提高你的閱讀速度，還能增強(qiáng)你的自信心,。

六,、參考資源推薦??

以下是一些推薦的托福閱讀備考資源：

• Official TOEFL iBT Tests: 官方出版的真題集，最具權(quán)威性,。
• ETS TOEFL Reading Practice: 在線練習(xí)平臺(tái),，提供豐富的閱讀材料。
• TOEFL Prep Books: 市面上有許多針對(duì)托福的備考書(shū)籍,，選擇適合自己的即可,。

通過(guò)以上的解析和建議,，希望能夠幫助到正在備戰(zhàn)托福的你！堅(jiān)持練習(xí),，相信自己,，你一定能在托福閱讀部分取得理想的成績(jī),！??

Preparing for the TOEFL reading section can be daunting, but with the right practice materials and strategies, you can improve your skills effectively. Here’s a guide on how to make the most of your TOEFL reading practice. ??

1. Understanding the Format

Before diving into practice materials, it's essential to understand the format of the TOEFL reading section. There are typically 3 to 5 passages with multiple-choice questions. Each passage is about 700 words, and you will have around 60 to 80 minutes to complete this section.

2. Finding Quality Practice Materials

Look for reputable sources that offer TOEFL reading practice materials. Websites like ETS (the official TOEFL site) provide sample questions and practice tests. Additionally, consider using prep books from publishers like Barron's or Kaplan. These resources often include practice passages, vocabulary lists, and answer explanations.

3. Sample Passage and Questions

Here’s an example of a reading passage and some questions:

Passage: “The impact of climate change on polar bears has become an increasingly important topic in environmental studies. As temperatures rise, ice caps are melting, leading to a reduction in the bears' natural habitat.”

Questions:

• What is the main idea of the passage?
• How does climate change affect polar bears?
• What implications does this have for environmental policy?

4. Building Vocabulary

A strong vocabulary is crucial for understanding complex texts. Make it a habit to learn 10 new words every week. Use flashcards or apps like Quizlet to reinforce your learning. Focus on academic vocabulary that frequently appears in reading passages.

5. Practicing Reading Strategies

Employ different reading strategies to enhance comprehension:

• Skimming: Quickly read through the passage to get a general idea.
• Scanning: Look for specific information or keywords related to the questions.
• Detailed Reading: Read carefully when answering questions that require deeper understanding.

6. Time Management

Practice completing reading sections within the allotted time. Use a timer during your practice sessions to simulate real test conditions. This will help you manage your time effectively on test day. ?

7. Reviewing Your Answers

After completing practice passages, take the time to review your answers. Understand why certain answers are correct and why others are not. This reflection is key to improving your performance. Consider creating a chart to track your progress over time.

8. New Topics to Explore

Stay updated with current events and trends in various fields such as science, history, and literature. This will not only help you in the reading section but also in the listening and speaking sections. You might encounter topics like:

• The effects of technology on communication
• Innovations in renewable energy
• Cultural impacts of globalization

9. Listening Practice

In addition to reading, don’t forget to practice listening. Listen to academic lectures or podcasts related to your reading topics. This dual approach will enhance your overall comprehension skills. ??

10. Predicting Future Trends

As you prepare, think about potential future trends in TOEFL reading passages. Topics related to climate change, technology, and social issues are likely to remain relevant. Stay informed and ready to tackle these subjects in your practice.

By following these strategies and utilizing quality practice materials, you'll be well on your way to excelling in the TOEFL reading section. Remember, consistency is key! Good luck! ??