托福閱讀真題練習(xí)是備考過程中非常重要的一環(huán),尤其是針對抗生素相關(guān)的主題,。本文將為托??忌峁┮黄P(guān)于抗生素的閱讀文本,以及相關(guān)的真題和參考答案,以幫助大家更好地準(zhǔn)備考試,。
TOEFL Reading Passage:
Elizabeth Hazen and Rachel Brown copatented one of the most celebrated antibiotics in the years following World War II. Their research was driven by the urgent need to find treatments for fungal infections that affected numerous soldiers.
Researchers were actively looking for an antibiotic that could effectively eliminate fungi while being safe for human use. Unfortunately, existing antibiotics like penicillin and streptomycin also killed beneficial bacteria that helped control fungal growth. To discover a fungicide without these adverse effects, Brown from New York State's Department of Health Laboratories and Hazen, a senior microbiologist at the New York Health Department, initiated a long-distance collaboration. They believed that a naturally occurring antifungal organism existed in specific soil samples, based on Hazen's prior studies at Columbia University where she had amassed a notable collection of fungal cultures.
Their approach involved dividing tasks: Hazen meticulously screened and cultured numerous soil samples, which she sent to Brown. He prepared extracts, isolated active agents, and returned them to Hazen for biological analysis. During a vacation in 1948, Hazen fortuitously collected soil from W.B. Nourse's cow pasture in Virginia, which tested positive for the desired microorganisms. In honor of Nourse, she named it Streptomyces Noursei. Within a year, they recognized that their discovery was distinct from previously known antibiotics. After further investigation, they refined their substance into a fine yellow powder initially called "fungiciden," later renamed "nystatin" when they discovered the former name was already taken. Brown humorously noted that their significant breakthrough illustrated how unpredictable outcomes can arise from modest beginnings.
TOEFL Reading Questions:
1. What is the main topic of the passage?
(A) The lives of Hazen and Brown.
(B) The development of a safe fungicide.
(C) The New York State Department of Health.
(D) The development of penicillin.
2. What can be inferred from the passage about penicillin?
(A) It effectively treats fungal infections.
(B) It was developed before nystatin.
(C) It was developed before World War II.
(D) One of its by-products is nystatin.
3. Why does the author mention Columbia University in line 10?
(A) Hazen and Brown developed nystatin there.
(B) Brown was educated there.
(C) Hazen conducted research there.
(D) It awarded a prize to Hazen and Brown.
4. The word "both" in line 11 refers to
(A) Hazen and Brown.
(B) penicillin and streptomycin.
(C) the Department of Health laboratories at Albany and New York.
(D) double effect.
5. What substance did Brown and Hazen analyze?
(A) Dirt.
(B) Streptomycin.
(C) Bacteria.
(D) Penicillin.
6. Who was W. B. Nourse?
(A) A microbiologist.
(B) A teacher of Hazen's.
(C) A collector of fungi.
(D) A farmer.
TOEFL Reading Answers:
BBCAA D
通過以上內(nèi)容,,相信大家對托福閱讀真題練習(xí)有了更深入的理解。希望這篇關(guān)于抗生素的文本,、真題及答案能為你的備考提供有效的幫助,,助你在托福考試中取得理想的成績,!
對于許多托??忌鷣碚f,閱讀部分常常是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn),。特別是在涉及到復(fù)雜的科學(xué)主題時(shí),,如“Antibiotics”,理解和分析文章變得尤為重要,。在這篇文章中,,我將分享一些關(guān)于“托福閱讀抗生素真題解析”的經(jīng)驗(yàn),希望能幫助你更好地備考,。
一,、了解題型 ??
在托福閱讀中,通常會(huì)涉及多種題型,,包括:
二、掌握關(guān)鍵單詞 ??
在閱讀與抗生素相關(guān)的文章時(shí),,掌握一些關(guān)鍵單詞是非常重要的,。例如:
這些詞匯不僅在文章中頻繁出現(xiàn),而且在解題時(shí)也能幫助你更好地理解題意,。
三,、分析真題示例 ??
以下是一個(gè)與抗生素相關(guān)的托福閱讀真題示例:
Reading Passage:
“Antibiotics are powerful medicines that fight bacterial infections. They work by killing bacteria or preventing their growth. However, the overuse of antibiotics has led to a problem known as antibiotic resistance, where bacteria evolve and become immune to the effects of these drugs.”
Question: What is the main concern regarding the use of antibiotics?
Answer Choices:
在這個(gè)例子中,正確答案是C,,因?yàn)槲恼旅鞔_提到了抗生素的過度使用導(dǎo)致了抗藥性的問題,。
四、提高閱讀技巧 ??
為了在托福閱讀中取得好成績,,建議你采取以下策略:
五、預(yù)測未來可能的話題 ??
根據(jù)目前的趨勢,,未來托福閱讀中可能會(huì)涉及的抗生素相關(guān)話題包括:
考生們可以提前準(zhǔn)備相關(guān)知識(shí),,增加對這些話題的理解。
通過以上的分享,,希望你能在托福閱讀部分,,特別是在涉及抗生素的主題時(shí),更加從容應(yīng)對,。記住,,理解文章的主旨和細(xì)節(jié)是成功的關(guān)鍵。祝你備考順利,!??
作為一名托??忌莆臻喿x部分的技巧和策略至關(guān)重要,。在這篇文章中,,我將分享一些有效的托福閱讀練習(xí)題及答案,幫助你更好地準(zhǔn)備考試,。??
1. 理解托福閱讀結(jié)構(gòu)
托福閱讀部分通常包含三到四篇文章,,每篇文章后面都有10個(gè)問題。文章內(nèi)容涉及學(xué)術(shù)領(lǐng)域,,如自然科學(xué),、社會(huì)科學(xué)和人文學(xué)科等。理解這些文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和主題是成功的關(guān)鍵,。??
2. 常見話題
在托福閱讀中,,常見的話題包括:
熟悉這些話題可以幫助你更快地理解文章內(nèi)容。
3. 閱讀文本示例
以下是一個(gè)簡短的閱讀文本示例:
“The process of photosynthesis is essential for life on Earth. Plants convert sunlight into energy, which is then used to produce food. This process also releases oxygen into the atmosphere, making it vital for the survival of many organisms.”
4. 練習(xí)題示例
根據(jù)上述文本,,回答以下問題:
5. 參考答案
以下是上述問題的參考答案:
6. 新題預(yù)測
在備考過程中,,了解可能出現(xiàn)的新題目非常重要,。以下是一些可能的閱讀題型:
通過練習(xí)這些題型,,你能夠提高自己的應(yīng)試能力。
7. 聽力與閱讀結(jié)合
在托??荚囍?,聽力和閱讀是相輔相成的。建議考生在復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)同時(shí)進(jìn)行聽力練習(xí),,以增強(qiáng)對文章內(nèi)容的理解,。例如,可以選擇一些與閱讀材料相關(guān)的聽力文本進(jìn)行練習(xí),。??
8. 提高閱讀速度
提高閱讀速度的方法包括:
通過不斷練習(xí),,你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的閱讀速度和理解能力都有所提升。
9. 資源推薦
為了更好地備考托福閱讀,以下是一些推薦的資源:
這些資源可以幫助你更有效地進(jìn)行復(fù)習(xí)和練習(xí),。
10. 結(jié)語
希望以上的分享能為你的托福閱讀備考提供幫助,。堅(jiān)持練習(xí),相信你一定能在考試中取得理想的成績,!加油,!??
對于準(zhǔn)備參加托福考試的考生來說,,閱讀理解部分是一個(gè)不可忽視的環(huán)節(jié),。掌握一些技巧能夠幫助你在考試中取得更好的成績。以下是一些有效的托福閱讀理解技巧和真題分享,,希望對你有所幫助,!??
一、了解托福閱讀的結(jié)構(gòu)
托福閱讀部分通常包括三個(gè)或四個(gè)學(xué)術(shù)文章,,每篇文章大約700字,,后面附有10-14道問題。??因此,,考生需要在60-80分鐘內(nèi)完成所有的閱讀和答題,。了解這一結(jié)構(gòu)可以幫助你合理安排時(shí)間。
二,、提高閱讀速度
練習(xí)快速瀏覽(skimming)和掃讀(scanning)是提升閱讀速度的好方法,。快速瀏覽可以幫助你抓住文章的主旨,,而掃讀則能讓你找到特定的信息,。使用這些技巧時(shí),可以嘗試以下練習(xí):
三,、精讀與分析
雖然快速閱讀很重要,,但在某些情況下,精讀也是必不可少的,。特別是當(dāng)遇到復(fù)雜的句子或生僻詞匯時(shí),,仔細(xì)分析會(huì)幫助你更好地理解內(nèi)容。??可以嘗試以下方法:
四,、掌握常見題型
托福閱讀中的題型多種多樣,,了解常見題型能夠幫助你更有效地應(yīng)對考試。以下是一些常見題型及其解題技巧:
五、真題練習(xí)
做真題是備考的有效方式,。通過真實(shí)的考試題目,,你可以更好地適應(yīng)考試的節(jié)奏。以下是一些推薦的真題練習(xí)資源:
在練習(xí)時(shí),,注意記錄每次的錯(cuò)誤,,并分析原因,以便在以后的復(fù)習(xí)中避免類似問題,。
六,、模擬考試
在考試前進(jìn)行幾次完整的模擬考試是非常重要的。這樣可以幫助你熟悉考試的流程和時(shí)間分配,。建議在安靜的環(huán)境中進(jìn)行模擬,,確保自己能夠?qū)Wⅰ?
七、保持良好的心態(tài)
最后,,保持積極的心態(tài)也是成功的關(guān)鍵,。考試前夕,,盡量放松自己,,保證充足的睡眠,才能在考試中發(fā)揮最佳水平,。??
希望以上的技巧和真題分享能夠幫助你在托福閱讀理解部分取得理想的成績,!加油,!??