托福閱讀真題練習：新建筑的起源的文本+真題+答案

對于準備托?？荚嚨目忌鷣碚f,，閱讀部分的備考至關重要,。除了積累豐富的托福詞匯外,，進行大量的托福閱讀真題練習也是提升閱讀能力的有效方法。本文將為大家提供一篇關于“新建筑的起源”的托福閱讀文本及相關真題和答案,，希望能夠幫助到各位考生,。

TOEFL Reading Passage:

The origins of nest-building remain obscure, but current observations of nest-building activities provide evidence of their evolution. Clues to this evolutionary process can be found in the activities of play and in the behavior and movements of birds during mating, such as incessant pulling at strips of vegetation or scraping of the soil. During the early days of the reproductive cycle, the birds seem only to play with the building materials. In preparation for mating, they engage in activities that resemble nest-building, and continue these activities throughout and even after the mating cycle. Effective attempts at construction occur only after mating.

Although nest-building is an instinctive ability, there is considerable adaptability in both site selection and use of materials, especially with those species which build quite elaborate constructions. Furthermore, some element of learning is often evident since younger birds do not build as well as their practiced elders. Young ravens, for example, first attempt to build with sticks of quite unsuitable size, while a jackdaw's first nest includes virtually any movable object. The novelist John Steinbeck recorded the contents of a young osprey nest built in his garden, which included three shirts, a bath towel, and one arrow.

Birds also display remarkable behavior in collecting building materials. Crows have been seen to tear off stout green twigs, and sparrowhawks will dive purposefully onto a branch until it snaps and then hang upside down to break it off. Golden eagles, over generations of work, construct enormous nests. One of these, examined after it had been dislodged by high winds, weighed almost two tons and included foundation branches almost two meters long. The carrying capacity of the eagles, however, is only relative to their size and most birds are able to carry an extra load of just over twenty percent of their body weight.

TOEFL Reading Questions:

1. The word "obscure" in line 1 is closest in meaning to

(A) interesting

(B) unclear

(C) imperfect

(D) complex

2. According to the passage, which of the following activities is characteristic of the early part of the reproductive cycle of birds?

(A) Selecting a mate

(B) Collecting nest-building materials

(C) Playing with nest-building materials

(D) Building a nest

3. The word "display" in line 17 is closest in meaning to

(A) communicate

(B) imitate

(C) initiate

(D) exhibit

4. The novelist John Steinbeck is mentioned in line 14 because he

(A) conducted a scientific study on the behavior of ospreys

(B) was the first to describe where ospreys built their nests

(C) described the materials ospreys can use to build their nests

(D) compared the size of osprey nests with the nests of other species

5. Which of the following birds are mentioned as those that build nests that include unusual objects?

(A) Ravens

(B) Ospreys

(C) Crows

(D) Sparrowhawks

6. According to the passage, when gathering materials to build their nests, sparrowhawks do which of the following?

(A) Hang upside down

(B) Select only green twigs

(C) Use objects blowing in the wind

(D) Collect more branches than necessary

7. The word "these" in line

托福考試中的閱讀部分是許多考生面臨的挑戰(zhàn)之一,。為了幫助大家更好地準備,，我將分享一些關于“托福閱讀真題解析”的經驗和技巧，希望能對你們有所幫助,！??

1. 理解托福閱讀的結構

托福閱讀部分通常包含3到4篇文章,，每篇文章大約700詞，后面會跟隨12到14道問題,。這些問題主要分為以下幾類：

• Factual Information: 詢問文章中具體的信息,。
• Inference: 要求考生根據文章內容推斷出隱含的信息。
• Vocabulary: 測試考生對單詞在上下文中的理解,。
• Sentence Simplification: 要求考生選擇與某句話意思相近的選項,。
• Reference: 考察某個代詞或短語指代的內容。

2. 高效的閱讀策略

為了提高閱讀效率,，考生可以采用以下策略：

• Skimming: 快速瀏覽文章,，抓住主要思想和結構,。
• Scanning: 針對特定信息進行查找,，尤其是回答Factual Information類的問題時。
• Highlighting: 在閱讀時標記重要的段落和句子,，幫助記憶和理解,。

3. 實際例子分析

讓我們來看一個實際的托福閱讀真題：

Reading Passage: "The Role of Fungi in Ecosystems"

這篇文章討論了真菌在生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中的重要性,，包括它們如何分解有機物質、與植物的共生關系等,。接下來是一個可能出現(xiàn)的問題：

Question: What is one way fungi contribute to their ecosystems?

Options:

• A) By producing oxygen.
• B) By decomposing organic material.
• C) By providing shelter for animals.
• D) By competing with plants for nutrients.

參考答案: B) By decomposing organic material.

通過對文章的理解,，可以輕松找到答案。因此,，掌握文章的主旨和細節(jié)非常重要,！

4. 詞匯的重要性

詞匯在托福閱讀中占據了重要位置?？忌鷳摲e極積累相關詞匯,，并了解其在不同上下文中的用法。例如,，詞匯“decompose”在生態(tài)學中表示“分解”,，而在其他情境中可能有不同的含義。建議使用詞匯卡片和應用程序來幫助記憶和復習,。??

5. 模擬練習

定期進行模擬練習是提高閱讀能力的有效方法,。可以使用官方的托福備考書籍或在線資源,，進行真實的閱讀測試,。在練習中，注意記錄自己的時間,，確保在規(guī)定時間內完成所有問題,。此外，分析錯誤的題目,，找出自己的薄弱環(huán)節(jié),，以便針對性地提高。?

6. 預測未來話題

根據近年來的考試趨勢,，托福閱讀的主題多樣,，涉及科學、歷史,、藝術等多個領域,。因此，考生可以提前準備一些常見話題,，如：

• Climate Change
• Technological Advancements
• Animal Behavior
• Historical Events

通過了解這些主題,，可以幫助考生在考試中更快地理解文章內容。??

希望以上的經驗分享能夠幫助到正在備考托福的你們,！祝你們在考試中取得優(yōu)異的成績,！??

The Origins of New Architecture: A TOEFL Reading Practice

As a TOEFL candidate, mastering reading comprehension is crucial for achieving a high score. One effective way to prepare is by practicing with topics that are often featured in the test. Today, we will explore the topic of "New Architecture," which can be both fascinating and challenging. ???

Reading Text

New architecture refers to innovative building designs that prioritize sustainability, functionality, and aesthetics. This movement emerged in response to the growing concerns about environmental degradation and urbanization. Architects began to incorporate eco-friendly materials and energy-efficient technologies into their designs. ??

Key Vocabulary

• Sustainability: The ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level.
• Urbanization: The process of making an area more urban.
• Aesthetics: A set of principles concerned with the nature and appreciation of beauty.

Sample Question

Which of the following best describes the main idea of the passage?

• A) The history of architecture
• B) The significance of new architecture in modern society
• C) Building materials used in construction
• D) The role of architects in urban planning

Reference Answer

The correct answer is B. The passage focuses on the importance of new architecture in addressing environmental and aesthetic concerns.

Listening Practice

Listening to lectures or discussions about architecture can enhance your comprehension skills. Here’s a sample listening prompt:

"Today, we will discuss how new architectural designs contribute to sustainable living. We will explore various case studies that highlight the integration of green technology in urban settings." ??

Practice Questions

After listening, consider these questions:

• What are some examples of green technology mentioned?
• How do these technologies improve urban living conditions?

New Topics to Explore

In addition to new architecture, you might encounter related topics such as:

• Smart cities and their impact on urban life.
• The role of public spaces in community development.
• Architectural styles from different cultures and their significance.

Prediction for TOEFL Reading Section

Based on current trends, it’s likely that future TOEFL exams will include passages on the intersection of technology and architecture. Familiarize yourself with terms like "smart buildings" and "renewable resources" to better prepare. ???

Final Tips

When preparing for the TOEFL reading section, remember to:

• Practice regularly with diverse topics.
• Enhance your vocabulary through reading articles and books.
• Take notes while listening to improve retention.