在托??荚囍校喿x理解是一個(gè)重要的部分,,而說(shuō)明文作為常見(jiàn)的文體之一,,考生需要掌握其結(jié)構(gòu)和特點(diǎn)。本文將通過(guò)分析官方真題Official 19《The Roman Army's Impact on Britain》(羅馬軍隊(duì)對(duì)不列顛的影響)來(lái)幫助考生更好地理解說(shuō)明文的寫(xiě)作方式和解題技巧,。
Reading: Official 19 - The Roman Army's Impact on Britain
After the Roman Empire conquered Britain in the first century A.D., a significant number of troops remained in the new territory. These soldiers had a profound effect on Britain through their camps, fortifications, and involvement in the local economy. Understanding the military's impact on civilians begins with recognizing that soldiers were not evenly distributed throughout the region. Areas integrated into the empire quickly experienced less military influence, while regions with a strong military presence were significantly affected. Establishing a military base required seizing native lands for both fortifications and the resources needed to support the soldiers’ animals. This military governance also deprived local leaders of roles in local administration, hindering social progress and fostering resentment among the populace. Consequently, the military had to stay to quell uprisings and maintain order.
這一段的第一句話清楚地表明了文章的主題,,即羅馬軍隊(duì)對(duì)英國(guó)的影響。接下來(lái)的幾句則闡述了士兵分布的不均勻性,,并指出哪些地區(qū)受到的影響更大,。最后,作者總結(jié)了軍事駐扎帶來(lái)的社會(huì),、經(jīng)濟(jì)等多方面的影響,。
Economic Impact
The economic exchange was vital as the Roman army brought substantial spending power. Such activities greatly influenced local areas, particularly in constructing infrastructure like roads, which enhanced access to remote regions.
第二段強(qiáng)調(diào)了經(jīng)濟(jì)交換的重要性,指出軍隊(duì)的購(gòu)買力以及基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)如何改變當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)格局,。
Local Development
Each soldier received a salary, but in areas lacking a developed economy, there was initially little available for spending. Over time, these military settlements evolved into small towns, becoming hubs for artisans and traders.
第三段繼續(xù)探討經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,,描述了士兵如何在駐扎地創(chuàng)造商業(yè)機(jī)會(huì),促進(jìn)了小鎮(zhèn)的形成,。
Social Mobility
The military also offered a path for personal advancement for auxiliary soldiers from native populations, as they could obtain hereditary Roman citizenship upon retirement after serving in auxiliary units. By the later Roman period, frontier garrisons were rarely moved, making military service effectively hereditary, and forts were no longer maintained at full capacity.
第四段討論了當(dāng)?shù)鼐用裢ㄟ^(guò)服役獲得羅馬公民身份的機(jī)會(huì),,進(jìn)一步推動(dòng)了社會(huì)流動(dòng)性。
Cultural Integration
This process of settling into communities over generations, along with local recruitment, likely contributed to the stability of the northern frontier during the later Roman period. It explains why some forts remained occupied long after Rome lost formal control in Britain at the beginning of the fifth century A.D. The conditions that allowed natives to become Romanized also enabled the self-sustaining military communities to effectively become British.
最后一段總結(jié)了當(dāng)?shù)匚幕c軍事社區(qū)融合的過(guò)程,,以及這種融合如何促進(jìn)了邊境地區(qū)的穩(wěn)定,。
通過(guò)以上分析,我們可以看到,,說(shuō)明文的結(jié)構(gòu)清晰,,通常包含引言、主體和總結(jié)部分,??忌趥淇紩r(shí)應(yīng)著重練習(xí)識(shí)別段落主旨、理解細(xì)節(jié)信息以及推理作者意圖等技能,,從而提升托福閱讀能力和成績(jī),。
托福閱讀說(shuō)明文體裁解析:以官方真題Official19為例(原TPO),希望各位考生能夠通過(guò)本文的解析,,更加深入地理解說(shuō)明文體裁的特點(diǎn)和解題策略,,為考試做好充分準(zhǔn)備,。
對(duì)于準(zhǔn)備托福考試的考生來(lái)說(shuō),,熟悉托福閱讀部分的真題解析是非常重要的一步,。通過(guò)分析真題,你可以更好地理解考試的題型,、常見(jiàn)的考點(diǎn)以及提高自己的閱讀能力,。本文將為你提供一些實(shí)用的技巧和經(jīng)驗(yàn),讓你在托福閱讀中游刃有余,。??
一,、了解托福閱讀的結(jié)構(gòu)
托福閱讀部分通常包含三到四篇文章,每篇文章約700-800字,??忌枰?0-80分鐘內(nèi)完成這些文章的閱讀和相關(guān)問(wèn)題。每篇文章后面會(huì)有10個(gè)問(wèn)題,,主要分為以下幾種類型:
二,、真題解析的重要性
通過(guò)真題解析,,你可以掌握以下幾點(diǎn):
三、推薦的真題資源
以下是一些推薦的托福閱讀真題資源,,你可以通過(guò)這些材料進(jìn)行練習(xí):
四、真題解析示例
以下是一個(gè)典型的托福閱讀文章及其相關(guān)問(wèn)題的示例:
Reading Text: "The impact of climate change on biodiversity is profound. Many species are at risk of extinction due to changing habitats, while others may thrive in new environments. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for conservation efforts."
Question: What is the main idea of the passage?
Answer Choices:
Correct Answer: B. Some species benefit from climate change.
五,、備考建議
為了提高你的托福閱讀成績(jī),,以下是一些備考建議:
六,、心理準(zhǔn)備
考試前的心理準(zhǔn)備同樣重要,。保持平和的心態(tài),合理安排復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)間,,避免臨考前的焦慮,。記住,充分的準(zhǔn)備是成功的關(guān)鍵,。??
希望通過(guò)以上的分享,,你能更好地理解托福閱讀的真題解析,并在考試中取得理想的成績(jī),!祝你好運(yùn),!??
準(zhǔn)備托福考試的考生們,,面對(duì)閱讀部分時(shí),,很多人可能會(huì)感到壓力。尤其是說(shuō)明文類型的文章,,它們通常信息量大,、結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜。然而,,只要掌握一些有效的技巧,,你就能輕松應(yīng)對(duì)這些挑戰(zhàn)。以下是一些實(shí)用的說(shuō)明文閱讀技巧,,希望能幫助你提高閱讀理解能力,。??
1. 理解文章結(jié)構(gòu)
首先,了解說(shuō)明文的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是非常重要的,。一般來(lái)說(shuō),,說(shuō)明文包括引言、主體段落和結(jié)論,。引言部分通常會(huì)介紹主題,,主體段落會(huì)提供詳細(xì)的信息和例證,而結(jié)論則總結(jié)了主要觀點(diǎn),。掌握這一結(jié)構(gòu)可以幫助你快速定位信息,。
2. 關(guān)注關(guān)鍵詞
在閱讀過(guò)程中,關(guān)鍵詞是你獲取信息的關(guān)鍵,。注意那些表示因果關(guān)系,、對(duì)比關(guān)系和列舉的詞匯,,比如“because”、“however”,、“for example”等,。這些詞匯通常能幫助你理解作者的意圖和文章的邏輯關(guān)系。??
3. 快速瀏覽與精讀結(jié)合
在正式閱讀之前,,先進(jìn)行快速瀏覽(skimming),,看看每一段的首句和尾句,以獲取文章的大致內(nèi)容,。然后再進(jìn)行精讀(scanning),,關(guān)注細(xì)節(jié)和具體信息。這種方法可以提高你的閱讀效率,,幫助你更好地把握重點(diǎn),。
4. 做好筆記
在閱讀時(shí),可以嘗試做一些簡(jiǎn)短的筆記,。記錄下每段的主題句和重要信息,,這不僅能幫助你加深理解,還能為后續(xù)的復(fù)習(xí)提供便利,。記得使用簡(jiǎn)潔的符號(hào)和縮寫(xiě),,以節(jié)省時(shí)間。??
5. 多做練習(xí)題
通過(guò)做大量的練習(xí)題,,你可以熟悉不同類型的說(shuō)明文和常見(jiàn)的問(wèn)題形式。例如,,以下是一個(gè)典型的說(shuō)明文閱讀題目:
Reading Text: "The Importance of Biodiversity" - This article discusses the various aspects of biodiversity, its significance to ecosystems, and the threats it faces.
Question: What are two major threats to biodiversity mentioned in the article?
Answer: Habitat loss and climate change.
這種練習(xí)能夠幫助你提高對(duì)文章的理解能力,,并熟悉考試的題型。??
6. 學(xué)會(huì)推理
在閱讀說(shuō)明文時(shí),,有時(shí)需要進(jìn)行一些推理(inference),,以理解作者未直接表述的觀點(diǎn)。比如,,文章中提到某種現(xiàn)象的影響時(shí),,你可能需要根據(jù)上下文推測(cè)其潛在原因或結(jié)果。
7. 關(guān)注時(shí)間管理
托福閱讀部分時(shí)間有限,,因此學(xué)會(huì)合理分配時(shí)間至關(guān)重要,。建議每篇文章控制在20分鐘內(nèi)完成,包括閱讀和答題,??梢酝ㄟ^(guò)模擬考試來(lái)提高自己的時(shí)間管理能力。
8. 保持積極心態(tài)
最后,,保持積極的心態(tài)也很重要,。即使遇到難以理解的內(nèi)容,,也不要?dú)怵H。相信自己,,通過(guò)不斷的練習(xí)和調(diào)整,,你一定能在托福閱讀中取得理想的成績(jī)。??
希望以上的技巧能幫助你在托福說(shuō)明文閱讀中表現(xiàn)得更加出色,。祝你備考順利,,取得好成績(jī)!