托福閱讀提分閱讀備考必讀素材——鏡子里和現(xiàn)實中的自我
1托福閱讀提分閱讀備考必讀素材——鏡子里和現(xiàn)實中的自我
在備考托福閱讀的過程中,，很多考生會發(fā)現(xiàn)，有些句子的復(fù)雜程度超出了他們的理解能力,。為了幫助大家更好地應(yīng)對托?？荚嚕覀儨?zhǔn)備了這篇關(guān)于“鏡子里和現(xiàn)實中的自我”的文章,，希望能為你的備考提供有價值的參考,。
New Year’s Eve has come and gone, and I’m not at all excited to see the pictures of myself from that night. It’s not because I was caught in an embarrassing moment; I just dislike seeing myself on camera.
12.31來了又去，而我見到那晚自己的照片并不興奮,。并不是因為照片里的我做了什么難看的事,，我只是討厭鏡頭前的自己,。
Don’t get me wrong, I think I’m a decent-looking guy. However, there are times when I look less than flattering on film. It reminds me of that episode of Seinfeld where Jerry’s girlfriend only looks good in certain lighting. Generally, I’m satisfied with my reflection in the mirror, but the camera seems to capture me in an unflattering way. Surprisingly, science suggests that the mirror is indeed to blame, but perhaps not for the reasons I initially thought.
別誤會我，我自認還算是長相不錯的小伙,。只是有的時候照片中的我真的丑斃了,。正如《宋飛正傳》里有一集，杰里的女友只在合適的燈光下看起來不錯,?？傮w而言，我對鏡子前的自己還算滿意,，但相機卻把我拍丑了,。令我驚訝的是，科學(xué)上來看確實是鏡子的錯,，但卻并不是我所認為的那樣,。
The issue lies in facial symmetry, and in this regard, my face is not perfectly aligned. My chin is uneven, my eyes are slightly misaligned, and there’s an odd shape in my hairline. Here’s the thing: your face likely isn’t perfectly symmetrical either. Only a select few individuals come close, and even some models and actors have asymmetries.
這涉及到面部對稱性，在這點上,，我的臉是扭曲的,。我的下巴彎曲，眼睛不在一條線上,，而且在我額頭左側(cè)的發(fā)髻線上有一個奇怪的彎,。重大新聞：你的臉很有可能也不是完全對稱的。只有很少一部分人臉部是接近對稱的,，甚至連一些模特和明星的臉也是扭曲的,。
This matters because of an effect known as “mere-exposure.” Introduced in 1968 by psychologist Robert Zajonc, it suggests that people develop a preference for things they encounter frequently. Zajonc tested this theory using various stimuli, including shapes and facial expressions. Since we see ourselves most often in mirrors, this becomes our ideal self-image. According to the mere-exposure effect, when the camera captures our slight facial asymmetries, we may see an unattractive version of ourselves.
這點很重要，因為涉及到了一個叫做“曝光效應(yīng)”的影響,。在1968年,，由心理學(xué)家羅伯特扎榮茨提出，主要講人們會偏好自己熟知的事物,。扎榮茨利用不同的形狀,、面部表情、甚至是毫無意義的文字進行測試,。由于我們在鏡子前看到自己的頻率最高,，所以這是我們最喜歡的自我影像。根據(jù)曝光效應(yīng)的影響,，當(dāng)你輕微的不對稱的面部表情被鏡頭抓拍到后,，你會看到一個毫無吸引力,、陌生的自己,。
So, the mirror might not tell the whole truth, and you could be more attractive than you realize. However, a 2008 study indicated that people often perceive themselves as more attractive than they truly are.
所以，鏡子欺騙了你,，你可能比你想象的還要更漂亮,。同樣,，2008年的一項研究證明人們更愿意相信他們本身更具有吸引力。
In this particular study, researchers manipulated participants’ photos to make them appear more or less attractive by blending them with images of attractive or unattractive individuals of the same gender. They then mixed these altered photos with those of strangers and asked subjects to identify themselves. Participants were quicker to choose the more attractive version of their photo, suggesting they recognized a more appealing version of themselves faster. (Interestingly, these findings contradict other research indicating that many people have a negative perception of their own bodies. But that’s a discussion for another time.) Thus, in addition to mere-exposure, the photos of ourselves often do not meet our inflated expectations.
在這個試驗中,，研究人員對受試者的照片進行調(diào)整,，通過與長相好或不好的同性別人的照片融合，使受試者(的照片)變得更好看或者難看,。然后,，將每個受試者不同版本的照片混入陌生者的照片中，再要求他們從中找出自己的照片,。人們通常都是更快的找到自己看起來更有魅力的照片---正如他們可以更快的發(fā)現(xiàn)更具有魅力的自己,。(順便說一下，曾有一些研究表明人們對自己的看法往往比較消極,，而這些發(fā)現(xiàn)則恰恰相反,。不過這又是另外一碼事了。)所以,，除了曝光效應(yīng),，你照片中的自己是不會辜負你對自己的過高期望。
This resonates with me: In my memory, I looked quite charming during the stories my friends recounted, even while I was tipsy on whiskey, standing on the bar top for the countdown, and high-fiving strangers (my recollection of these moments is somewhat hazy). So, friends, if you have any pictures from these events, please consider flipping them before posting on Facebook, and I’ll strive to manage my vanity.
我認為這是合理的：在我腦海里,，盡管我喝威士
2托福閱讀備考技巧
托?？荚囍械拈喿x部分對許多考生來說是一個挑戰(zhàn)。為了幫助你更有效地準(zhǔn)備,，我們整理了一些實用的備考技巧,，希望能讓你的托福閱讀成績有所提升。??
1. 理解題型
托福閱讀部分包含多種題型,，如：
- Detail Questions: 這些問題要求你找到文章中的具體信息,。
- Inference Questions: 需要你根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容進行推理。
- Vocabulary Questions: 測試你對特定單詞或短語的理解,。
- Summary Questions: 要求你總結(jié)文章的主要觀點,。
了解每種題型的特點，可以幫助你在做題時更有針對性,。??
2. 增強詞匯量
豐富的詞匯量是提高閱讀理解能力的基礎(chǔ),。建議每天學(xué)習(xí)一些新單詞，并進行復(fù)習(xí),。例如,，使用以下單詞：
- Analyze: 分析
- Significant: 重要的
- Interpret: 解釋
- Context: 上下文
可以通過閱讀英文文章、書籍來擴展你的詞匯量,。??
3. 閱讀技巧
在閱讀過程中,，掌握一些技巧也非常重要：
- Skimming: 快速瀏覽文章，抓住大意和結(jié)構(gòu),。
- Scanning: 針對特定信息進行快速查找,。
- Highlighting: 在閱讀時標(biāo)記關(guān)鍵詞和重要句子,。
這些技巧能幫助你在有限的時間內(nèi)獲取更多信息。??
4. 做模擬題
進行模擬練習(xí)是備考的重要環(huán)節(jié),。你可以使用以下范文和題目進行練習(xí)：
Passage: In recent years, the study of ancient civilizations has gained more attention. Researchers have discovered new artifacts that provide insights into the daily lives of people in these societies.
Question: What do the newly discovered artifacts help researchers understand?
Answer: They help researchers understand the daily lives of people in ancient civilizations.
通過這種方式,，你可以熟悉考試的格式和時間管理。??
5. 時間管理
托福閱讀部分通常有三篇文章,，每篇文章后面都有10個問題,。合理分配時間是關(guān)鍵。建議每篇文章閱讀時間控制在20分鐘左右,，這樣可以確保你有足夠的時間回答所有問題,。??
6. 復(fù)習(xí)與反思
每次模擬考試后，都要進行復(fù)習(xí),，分析錯誤的原因,。記錄下你常犯的錯誤類型，以便于改進,。例如,，如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在Inference Questions上經(jīng)常出錯，可以專門針對這一題型進行訓(xùn)練,。??
7. 保持良好心態(tài)
最后,，保持積極的心態(tài)也是成功的關(guān)鍵。備考過程中難免會遇到挫折,，但要相信自己的努力會帶來回報,。適當(dāng)放松，保持自信,，有助于提高你的閱讀表現(xiàn),。??
希望以上技巧能夠幫助你在托福閱讀部分取得理想的成績！祝你備考順利,！??
