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TOEFL Reading Passage:

The most extensively researched instances of deception tactics used by ground-nesting birds involve plovers, small avians that usually create nests on beaches or in open fields, where their nests are simply scrapes in the sand or soil. Plover birds have developed effective strategies to distract potential nest predators from their vulnerable eggs or chicks.

The vigilant plover can spot a potential threat from a significant distance. When this occurs, the nesting bird discreetly moves away from the nest to a location far from her eggs or chicks. At this moment, she may employ various tricks. One method involves quietly approaching the oncoming animal and then suddenly running noisily through the grass or brush in a low crouch, while making rodent-like squeaks. This mimics the movement of a scurrying mouse or vole, drawing the attention of predators interested in eggs and chicks.

Another deceptive tactic begins with the bird moving to a conspicuous location far from the nest. Once there, she pretends to incubate a brood. As

Understanding Bird Nesting for TOEFL Reading

As a TOEFL test taker, mastering reading comprehension is crucial for achieving a high score. One interesting topic that often appears in reading passages is the behavior of birds, specifically their nesting habits. In this article, we will explore how to approach such passages effectively, using the example of bird nesting. ??

Key Vocabulary

Before diving into the reading strategies, it's essential to familiarize yourself with some key vocabulary related to bird nesting:

• Nesting: The process of building a nest.
• Incubation: The period during which eggs are kept warm until they hatch.
• Predator: An animal that hunts and eats other animals.
• Camouflage: The ability to blend in with the surroundings for protection.

Sample Passage Analysis

Consider a sample passage that might appear in the TOEFL reading section:

Many bird species exhibit unique nesting behaviors. For instance, the weaver bird constructs intricate nests woven from grass and twigs. These nests not only provide shelter but also serve as a display of the male's skill to attract a mate. Additionally, some birds, like the American robin, prefer to build their nests in trees, utilizing camouflage to protect their young from predators.

Reading Strategies

When you encounter a passage about bird nesting, here are some effective strategies to enhance your understanding:

1. Skim the Passage: Quickly read through the passage to get a general idea of the content. Focus on headings and any highlighted terms.
2. Identify Main Ideas: Look for sentences that summarize the main points, often found in the introduction or conclusion of paragraphs.
3. Pay Attention to Details: Take note of specific examples, such as different bird species and their nesting techniques, as these details often appear in questions.
4. Practice Inference Skills: Some questions may require you to infer information based on context. Think critically about what the author implies.

Typical Questions

Here are some question types you might encounter related to bird nesting:

• Main Idea Question: What is the primary focus of the passage?
• Which bird is mentioned as using camouflage in its nesting?
• Inference Question: What can be inferred about the importance of nest construction for mating?

Practice Makes Perfect

To prepare for the TOEFL reading section, practice with various texts about nature and wildlife. Here’s a new question you might try:

What role does the male weaver bird's nest play in attracting a mate?

For your answer, consider how the intricacy and craftsmanship of the nest reflect the male's abilities, making it an attractive feature for potential mates.

Conclusion

Incorporating these strategies into your study routine will help you tackle reading passages about bird nesting and similar topics with confidence. Remember to practice regularly, and you'll find that your reading comprehension skills will improve over time. Good luck with your TOEFL preparation! ??