在進(jìn)行托福備考時(shí)，官方真題Official托福?？架浖窃S多考生的首選工具,。通過使用這些官方資料，考生能夠更好地理解考試內(nèi)容和提高自己的托福成績,。今天，小編為大家整理了官方真題Official1托福閱讀Passage3的原文文本,、題目及答案解析,，希望對(duì)大家的備考有所幫助,。

官方真題Official1托福閱讀Passage3原文文本

Groundwater

Groundwater refers to the water that fills the voids in the soil and rock beneath the Earth's surface. The most common type of groundwater is meteoric water, which is part of the natural water cycle. This water is derived from precipitation such as rain and snow, as well as from lakes and rivers. Once it seeps into the ground, it can remain there for extended periods before re-emerging at the surface. It may seem surprising that there is enough space underground to store all this water.

The necessary space exists in various forms, primarily in the gaps between particles—like sand grains and small pebbles—in loose, unconsolidated materials such as sand and gravel. These materials are often found beneath the soil and are remnants of ancient riverbeds. For instance, during the last ice age, when North America was covered by massive ice sheets, melting ice released large volumes of water filled with sediments like pebbles and sand, known as glacial outwash.

This process continues today, albeit on a smaller scale, wherever sediment-rich rivers flow from mountainous areas onto flatter terrain, dispersing their load as the current slows. The resulting deposits form fan-shaped slopes. Similarly, when a river enters a lake or the ocean, it drops its sediment load, which may eventually be buried and later exposed if sea levels drop or land rises.

In low-lying areas, almost any location could potentially cover what was once a riverbed, now buried under soil. If these sediments lie below the water table, they will be saturated with groundwater.

Beyond unconsolidated sediments, consolidated (or cemented) sediments also contain numerous tiny pores that can hold water. This is because the spaces between the original grains may not be completely filled with cement, and some grains may dissolve over time due to percolating groundwater. Consequently, rocks like sandstone can have porosity similar to their loose counterparts.

Therefore, a significant portion of any sediment's volume, whether loose or cemented, consists of empty space. Most crystalline rocks are denser, although basalt—formed from solidified lava—can be an exception due to its porous nature.

Porosity refers to the ratio of empty space in a rock, while permeability measures how easily water can flow through a material, depending on the size of the cavities and their connections.

When a sample of water-saturated sediment or rock is placed in a dry environment, much of the water will drain out. However, some water remains adhered to solid surfaces due to surface tension, which prevents it from draining away completely. Thus, the total volume of water in a saturated sample includes both water that can drain and water that cannot.

The ratio of these two types of water varies significantly across different rock or sediment types, even if their porosities are identical. This variation is influenced by pore size; larger pores allow heavier drops to drain away, while smaller pores retain water as thin films due to the effects of surface tension.

查看官方真題Official1托福閱讀Passage1的題目請(qǐng)進(jìn)入下一頁→→→

以上就是官方真題Official1托福閱讀Passage3的內(nèi)容。希望考生們能夠通過這些材料,，提升自己的閱讀能力,，順利通過托福考試,！

對(duì)于許多托?？忌鷣碚f,，閱讀部分常常是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。為了幫助大家更好地應(yīng)對(duì)這一部分,，本文將分享一些關(guān)于“托福閱讀真題解析”的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和技巧,。??

一、了解托福閱讀的結(jié)構(gòu)

托福閱讀部分通常包含3到4篇文章,，每篇文章大約700詞,，之后會(huì)有10個(gè)問題?？忌枰?0至80分鐘內(nèi)完成這些文章和問題。因此,，熟悉閱讀結(jié)構(gòu)是非常重要的。

二、真題的重要性

通過練習(xí)真題,，你可以更好地理解考試的題型和常見的主題,。例如，以下是一些常見的托福閱讀話題：

• Natural Sciences
• Social Sciences
• Humanities
• Business and Economics

這些話題不僅幫助你適應(yīng)考試風(fēng)格，還能提升你的專業(yè)詞匯量,。??

三,、如何高效解題

在解答閱讀理解題時(shí),，可以遵循以下步驟：

1. 快速瀏覽： 在正式閱讀之前,，先快速瀏覽文章,，了解大意和結(jié)構(gòu)。
2. 重點(diǎn)標(biāo)記： 在閱讀過程中用不同顏色的筆標(biāo)記出關(guān)鍵詞和重要信息,，這樣在回答問題時(shí)可以快速找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容。
3. 理解題目： 仔細(xì)閱讀每個(gè)問題,，確保理解其要求,。
4. 回到文章： 根據(jù)問題返回文章中尋找答案，避免憑記憶作答。

四,、常見題型解析

托福閱讀中有多種題型,，以下是幾種常見的題型及其解析：

• Detail Questions: 這些問題通常要求你找出文章中的具體細(xì)節(jié),。例題：“What is the main purpose of the passage?”
• Inference Questions: 這些問題要求你根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容進(jìn)行推理,。例題：“What can be inferred about the author’s attitude toward the topic?”
• Vocabulary Questions: 這些問題會(huì)詢問某個(gè)單詞的意思。例題：“In line 15, the word ‘elaborate’ most nearly means...”

五,、提高閱讀速度和理解力

提升閱讀速度和理解力的方法包括：

• 每天堅(jiān)持閱讀英文材料,，比如新聞、雜志或?qū)W術(shù)文章,。
• 使用計(jì)時(shí)器練習(xí)，在限定時(shí)間內(nèi)完成閱讀和答題。
• 參加模擬考試,，體驗(yàn)真實(shí)考試的壓力和節(jié)奏,。

六,、推薦的資源

為了進(jìn)一步提升閱讀能力,，建議使用以下資源：

• Official TOEFL iBT Tests: 這是ETS官方出版的真題集,，非常適合考生練習(xí),。
• TOEFL Prep Online: 提供在線模擬測(cè)試和詳細(xì)解析。
• Reading Comprehension Practice Books: 書籍如“Barron's TOEFL iBT”也提供了豐富的練習(xí)題和解析,。

通過有效的練習(xí)和策略，考生可以在托福閱讀部分取得更好的成績,。希望這些經(jīng)驗(yàn)?zāi)軌驇椭阍趥淇歼^程中更加自信,，加油！??

托福閱讀備考：如何有效利用業(yè)內(nèi)平臺(tái)的Passage原文 ??

對(duì)于許多托?？忌鷣碚f,，托福閱讀部分是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。面對(duì)復(fù)雜的文章和問題，如何高效備考顯得尤為重要,。近年來,，許多業(yè)內(nèi)平臺(tái)提供了豐富的托福閱讀資源，包括Passage原文,，這些資源可以幫助考生更好地理解考試形式和內(nèi)容,。本文將分享一些使用這些資源的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和技巧。

1. 了解Passage原文的結(jié)構(gòu) ???

首先,，考生需要了解托福閱讀Passage的基本結(jié)構(gòu),。一般來說，Passage會(huì)包括引言,、主體段落和結(jié)論,。每個(gè)段落通常圍繞一個(gè)中心思想展開，因此,，抓住每個(gè)段落的主題至關(guān)重要,。在閱讀時(shí)，可以嘗試在紙上或電子設(shè)備上標(biāo)記出每個(gè)段落的主題句,，這樣在回答問題時(shí)能更快找到相關(guān)信息,。

2. 多做練習(xí)，熟悉題型 ??

業(yè)內(nèi)平臺(tái)提供的Passage原文通常附帶一系列練習(xí)題,。通過不斷練習(xí),，考生可以熟悉不同的題型，例如：

• Detail Questions: These ask for specific information from the passage.
• Inference Questions: These require you to draw conclusions based on the information provided.
• Vocabulary Questions: These test your understanding of specific words in context.
• Main Idea Questions: These focus on the overall theme of the passage.

通過對(duì)這些題型的反復(fù)練習(xí),，考生可以提高解題速度和準(zhǔn)確性,。

3. 提高詞匯量 ??

托福閱讀中，詞匯量的大小直接影響理解能力,。業(yè)內(nèi)平臺(tái)的Passage原文中包含了大量學(xué)術(shù)詞匯,，考生可以利用這些資源進(jìn)行詞匯學(xué)習(xí)。建議考生建立一個(gè)詞匯本,，將不熟悉的單詞記錄下來,，并定期復(fù)習(xí)。例如,，單詞“analyze”的意思是“分析”，在閱讀時(shí)遇到時(shí)可以聯(lián)想其用法,，加深記憶,。

4. 學(xué)會(huì)時(shí)間管理 ?

托福閱讀部分的時(shí)間有限，考生需要學(xué)會(huì)合理分配時(shí)間,。建議在練習(xí)時(shí)設(shè)置時(shí)間限制,，模擬真實(shí)考試環(huán)境。例如，給自己30分鐘完成一篇Passage及其相關(guān)問題,。這不僅能幫助考生適應(yīng)考試節(jié)奏,，還能提高在壓力下的表現(xiàn)。

5. 參與討論和交流 ??

許多業(yè)內(nèi)平臺(tái)提供了討論區(qū)或論壇,，考生可以在這里與其他考生分享經(jīng)驗(yàn),、討論P(yáng)assage內(nèi)容和解題思路。通過交流,，考生不僅能獲得新的視角,，還能加深對(duì)Passage的理解?？梢試L試提出問題,，或者回答他人的疑問，這種互動(dòng)有助于鞏固知識(shí),。

6. 定期評(píng)估自己的進(jìn)步 ??

最后,，考生應(yīng)定期評(píng)估自己的進(jìn)步?？梢酝ㄟ^回顧之前的練習(xí)題,，查看哪些題目答錯(cuò)了，分析原因并加以改正,。此外,，考生還可以使用業(yè)內(nèi)平臺(tái)的模擬考試功能，測(cè)試自己的整體水平,，以便調(diào)整備考策略,。

總之，利用業(yè)內(nèi)平臺(tái)的托福閱讀Passage原文,，考生可以在閱讀理解,、詞匯量、時(shí)間管理等方面取得顯著進(jìn)步,。通過堅(jiān)持不懈的練習(xí)和有效的學(xué)習(xí)策略,，相信每位考生都能在托福考試中取得理想的成績,！??