托福閱讀作為托?？荚囍械囊粋€(gè)重要部分,，考生在備考時(shí)需要積累豐富的背景知識和素材。本文將為大家?guī)硪黄P(guān)于“富有的人更長壽嗎”的閱讀背景素材,，希望能幫助大家在托?？荚囍腥〉脙?yōu)異成績。

It is a well-known fact that wealth often correlates with better health and longer life expectancy. Recent studies have unveiled a specific hormone that may explain this connection.

This hormone, known as DHEAS (dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate), is a natural steroid produced by the brain, adrenal glands, and reproductive organs. Individuals with elevated levels of DHEAS tend to engage in more physical activities, pursue diverse hobbies, and maintain closer relationships with their family and friends, all of which contribute to a longer lifespan.

Researchers from University College London conducted an extensive analysis as part of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, examining thousands of individuals aged 50 and older. Their findings indicated that wealthier individuals exhibited higher levels of DHEAS.

Moreover, they discovered that these affluent individuals also had increased levels of another hormone, IGF-I (Insulin-like Growth Factor I), which plays a crucial role in regulating bodily functions and managing stress responses.

According to Prof. Michael Marmot from the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, “A striking new finding is that the hormone dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate [DHEAS] that predicts life expectancy also follows a social gradient: less wealth, lower levels of DHEAS.”

This suggests that financial stability allows individuals to prioritize healthy eating, regular exercise, and meaningful social interactions.

For some, this may reinforce the notion that “money is destiny.” The affluent seem to not only excel financially but also enjoy a significant advantage in terms of longevity.

However, it’s important to note that even those who are not wealthy can enhance their own DHEAS production by adopting healthier lifestyles—such as exercising more, fostering friendships, and engaging in hobbies. Nevertheless, DHEAS levels peak during childhood and adolescence and tend to decline with age.

Ultimately, while leading a fulfilling lifestyle may boost DHEAS levels, it does not guarantee financial success.

通過以上內(nèi)容，我們可以看到“富有的人更長壽嗎”這一問題的復(fù)雜性,。希望這些信息能夠幫助正在備考托福的同學(xué)們在閱讀部分取得更好的成績,！

When discussing the relationship between wealth and longevity, it is essential to consider various factors that influence both aspects. Wealth can provide access to better healthcare, nutrition, and living conditions, which may contribute to a longer life. However, this relationship is not as straightforward as it seems. ????

Access to Healthcare: One of the primary advantages of wealth is the ability to afford quality healthcare. Individuals with higher incomes can access preventive care, regular check-ups, and advanced treatments. This access often leads to early detection of diseases and better management of chronic conditions. According to studies, people in higher income brackets tend to live longer due to reduced mortality rates from preventable diseases. ??

Nutrition and Lifestyle: Wealth also allows individuals to invest in healthier food options and fitness activities. A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and lean proteins is more accessible to those with financial resources. Furthermore, they can afford memberships to gyms or fitness classes, promoting an active lifestyle. Research indicates that a healthy diet and regular exercise are crucial for longevity. ??????♂?

Living Conditions: The environment in which one lives plays a significant role in overall health. Wealthier individuals often reside in safer neighborhoods with lower crime rates and better air quality. These factors contribute to reduced stress levels and improved mental health, leading to a longer life. Conversely, those in lower-income areas may face environmental hazards and limited access to recreational spaces. ????

Mental Health: Financial stability can alleviate stress and anxiety related to economic uncertainty. People with adequate resources often have more opportunities for leisure activities and social engagement, which are vital for mental well-being. Good mental health is closely linked to physical health, and thus, indirectly affects longevity. ????

Social Determinants of Health: It is important to recognize that wealth is just one part of the equation. Social determinants such as education, community support, and access to information also play critical roles in health outcomes. For instance, educated individuals are more likely to make informed health choices, regardless of their financial status. ????

Inequalities and Exceptions: While wealth can contribute to a longer life, it is not a guarantee. There are numerous cases where wealthy individuals do not live longer than their less affluent counterparts. Factors such as genetics, personal choices, and unforeseen circumstances can significantly impact lifespan. Additionally, societal inequalities can create disparities in health outcomes that wealth alone cannot bridge. ??

Conclusion: In conclusion, while there is a notable correlation between wealth and longevity, it is essential to approach this relationship with nuance. Wealth provides advantages in healthcare, nutrition, and living conditions, which can lead to a longer life. However, it is not the sole determinant of longevity. Understanding the multifaceted nature of health can help individuals make informed decisions to improve their quality of life, regardless of their financial situation. ???

托福考試中的閱讀理解部分是許多考生感到棘手的一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié),。為了幫助大家更好地應(yīng)對這一挑戰(zhàn),，本文將分享一些關(guān)于“托福閱讀理解背景知識”的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和技巧。??

一,、理解背景知識的重要性

在托福閱讀中,，考生會遇到各種主題的文章。了解相關(guān)的背景知識可以幫助你更快地理解文章內(nèi)容,，提高閱讀速度和準(zhǔn)確性,。比如，若你熟悉某個(gè)歷史事件或科學(xué)原理,，遇到相關(guān)內(nèi)容時(shí),，你就能迅速抓住重點(diǎn)。

二,、常見的背景知識主題

托福閱讀常涉及以下幾個(gè)主題：

• History: 了解一些重要的歷史事件和人物,，如美國獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭、工業(yè)革命等,。
• Science: 基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)知識,，如物理、化學(xué),、生物等,，尤其是科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)和理論。
• Literature: 熟悉一些經(jīng)典文學(xué)作品和作者,，例如莎士比亞,、海明威等。
• Social Issues: 了解社會問題,，如環(huán)境保護(hù),、教育改革等。

三,、如何積累背景知識

1. 廣泛閱讀: 多讀書籍,、報(bào)紙和雜志，特別是與托福閱讀相關(guān)的材料,?？梢赃x擇一些高水平的英語讀物，以提升語言能力,。

2. 觀看紀(jì)錄片: 通過觀看歷史,、科學(xué)等主題的紀(jì)錄片,，獲取視覺和聽覺上的信息，加深理解,。

3. 參加討論: 加入一些學(xué)習(xí)小組或在線論壇,，與他人討論不同主題，分享各自的看法和知識,。

四,、提高閱讀理解能力的技巧

1. 做筆記: 在閱讀時(shí)，可以邊讀邊做筆記,，記錄下重要的信息和自己的理解,，這樣有助于加深記憶。

2. 練習(xí)預(yù)測: 在閱讀前,，先瀏覽一下標(biāo)題和小標(biāo)題,，嘗試預(yù)測文章內(nèi)容，這樣可以提高理解的效率,。

3. 關(guān)注關(guān)鍵詞: 在閱讀過程中,，注意那些表示因果關(guān)系、對比關(guān)系的關(guān)鍵詞,，如“however”,、“therefore”等，這些詞通常能幫助你理解文章結(jié)構(gòu),。

五,、模擬考試與復(fù)習(xí)

進(jìn)行模擬考試是檢驗(yàn)自己閱讀理解能力的有效方法。建議定期進(jìn)行全真模擬測試,，并仔細(xì)分析每次測試后的錯(cuò)題,，找出不足之處并加以改進(jìn)。??

六,、范文示例

下面是一篇可能出現(xiàn)在托福閱讀中的文章示例：

Text: The Impact of Climate Change on Polar Bears

“The polar bear is a vulnerable species due to climate change. As the Arctic ice melts, polar bears are forced to swim longer distances to find food. This not only affects their health but also their ability to reproduce.”

根據(jù)這段文本,，考生可能會被問到：

Question: What is one major effect of climate change on polar bears?

Answer: They are forced to swim longer distances to find food.

通過上述的經(jīng)驗(yàn)分享，希望能夠幫助到正在備考托福的你們,。在準(zhǔn)備過程中,，保持積極的態(tài)度和持續(xù)的努力，定能在閱讀理解部分取得理想的成績,！??