在托福閱讀考試中,，句子改寫題是一項重要的考察內容。掌握如何有效解答這些題目將對你的備考大有裨益,。本文將通過具體實例來探討“把握作者意圖”的原則,，幫助你更好地應對這一題型。

首先,，讓我們來看一個例子，以了解如何運用“把握作者意圖”這一原則,。句子改寫題主要考察的是你能否識別出句子中最關鍵的信息,。直接給出一句話，要求找出其核心信息,，往往會讓人感到困難,。此時，不妨從作者的意圖和功能入手進行分析。

Example 1 [Result] These plants are termed opportunists because [Reason] they rely on their seeds’ falling into settings where competing plants have been removed by natural processes, such as along an eroding riverbank, on landslips, or where a tree falls and creates a gap in the forest canopy.

A. Because [Reason] their seeds grow in places where competing plants are no longer present, [Result] dandelions are classified as opportunists.

B. [Result] Dandelions are called opportunists because [Reason] they contribute to the natural processes of erosion and the creation of gaps in the forest canopy.

C. The term opportunists applies to plants whose seeds fall in places where they can compete with the seeds of other plants.

D. The term opportunists applies to plants whose falling seeds are removed by natural processes.

在原句中,，出現(xiàn)了“because”,，這說明句子包含因果關系。我們需要找出因和果,。結果是這些植物被稱為機會主義者,，而原因是它們依賴種子落入沒有競爭植物的環(huán)境。經過整理,，可以得出：因為這些植物的種子掉入一個沒有競爭的環(huán)境,，所以它們被稱為機會主義者。

對于“such as”引出的內容,，我們可以將其視為補充信息,，因此不必過于關注。最終,，我們明白了句子的核心意圖是解釋因果關系,。在選項中，只有A與原句的邏輯關系一致,，因此A為正確答案,。

Example 2 [Contradiction Before] Estimates indicate that the aquifer contains enough water to fill Lake Huron, but unfortunately, [Contradiction After] under the semiarid climatic conditions that presently exist in the region, rates of addition to the aquifer are minimal, amounting to about half a centimeter a year.

A. Despite the current impressive size of the Ogallala aquifer, the region’s climate keeps the rates of water addition very small.

B. Although the aquifer has been adding water at the rate of only half a centimeter a year, it will eventually accumulate enough water to fill Lake Huron.

C. Because of the region’s present climatic conditions, water is being added each year to the aquifer.

D. Even when the region experiences unfortunate climatic conditions, the rates of addition of water continue to increase.

在這個例子中，“but unfortunately”暗示了句子前后的轉折,。分析轉折前后內容,，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)前半部分提到水量豐富，而后半部分則指出補充率很小,。因此,，正確答案一定是在邏輯關系上與原句保持一致的選項。

經過分析,，選項A的內容與原句的轉折關系相符,，因此A為正確答案。

通過以上兩個例子,，我們了解到理解作者意圖在句子改寫題中的應用,。簡而言之，抓住作者的意圖主要體現(xiàn)在邏輯關系上,。建議大家記住以下四類邏輯關系：

1. 因果與條件：這兩類邏輯關系可以相互替換,。

2. 轉折與讓步：包括比較和對比。

3. 并列與類比：類比和并列可以一起考慮,。

4. 其他：當沒有明顯的邏輯關系時,，可以通過謂語動詞來判斷。

希望以上分享能幫助你在托福閱讀句子改寫題中取得更好的成績,。最后,，祝愿所有考生在托?？荚囍腥〉美硐氲姆謹?shù)！

對于許多托?？忌鷣碚f,，閱讀理解部分常常是一個挑戰(zhàn)。尤其是在句子改寫方面,，考生需要掌握一些技巧,，以提高自己的分數(shù)。本文將分享一些實用的句子改寫技巧,，幫助你在托福閱讀中取得更好的成績,。??

1. 理解原句的意思

在進行句子改寫之前，確保你完全理解原句的意思,。每個單詞和短語都可能影響句子的整體含義,。可以嘗試將句子翻譯成自己的母語,，以便更好地把握其核心內容,。例如：

Original Sentence: "The rapid growth of urban populations has led to increased demand for housing."

Understanding: 城市人口的快速增長導致了對住房需求的增加。

2. 使用同義詞替換

使用同義詞替換是改寫句子的有效方式,。找到與原句中關鍵詞相似的詞匯,，可以幫助你保持句子的原意，同時改變句子的結構,。例如：

Original Sentence: "The research findings indicate a significant correlation between exercise and mental health."

Rewritten: "The study results suggest a notable connection between physical activity and psychological well-being." ??

3. 改變句子結構

改變句子的結構可以讓你在不改變原意的情況下,，創(chuàng)造出新的句子。例如,，將主動語態(tài)轉為被動語態(tài),，或將復合句拆分為簡單句。

Original Sentence: "Many species are threatened by climate change, which is causing habitat loss."

Rewritten: "Climate change threatens many species because it causes habitat loss." ??

4. 添加或刪除信息

在某些情況下,，添加一些背景信息或者刪除冗余的細節(jié)也能有效改寫句子,。注意，這種方法要謹慎使用,，以免改變原句的主要意思,。

Original Sentence: "The ancient ruins attract tourists from all over the world."

Rewritten: "Tourists from various countries are drawn to the ancient ruins." ??

5. 多練習

句子改寫的能力需要通過不斷的練習來提高?？梢酝ㄟ^閱讀不同類型的文章,，嘗試將其中的句子進行改寫，來增強你的技能,。此外,，參加托福模擬考試也是一個不錯的選擇，可以幫助你熟悉考試的題型和節(jié)奏,。

6. 參考范文

以下是一個句子改寫的例子,，供你參考：

Original Sentence: "The government has implemented new policies to improve public transportation."

Rewritten: "New policies have been introduced by the government to enhance public transport." ??

7. 注意語法和拼寫

在進行句子改寫時，確保語法正確,，拼寫無誤,。這不僅有助于表達清晰，也能避免因小錯誤而影響分數(shù),。建議在完成改寫后,，花幾分鐘檢查自己的句子。

通過掌握這些句子改寫技巧,，相信你能夠在托福閱讀部分取得更好的成績,。記得多加練習，并運用這些技巧來提升你的英語能力,。祝你備考順利,！??

Understanding the Author's Intent in TOEFL Reading

As a TOEFL test taker, mastering reading comprehension is crucial for achieving a high score. One key aspect of this section is understanding the author's intent. This article will provide strategies to help you analyze and interpret the author's purpose effectively. ??

Why Author's Intent Matters

Understanding the author's intent is essential because it helps you grasp the main ideas and arguments presented in the text. When you know why the author wrote the passage, you can answer questions more accurately. Here are some common purposes authors might have:

• To inform: The author aims to provide information about a specific topic.
• To persuade: The author tries to convince the reader of a particular viewpoint.
• To entertain: The author seeks to engage the reader through storytelling or humor.
• To analyze: The author examines a topic in detail, breaking it down into components.

Identifying Clues in the Text

To determine the author's intent, pay attention to certain clues within the passage. Here are some tips:

• Look for keywords: Words like “suggest,” “argue,” or “explain” can indicate the author's purpose.
• Examine the tone: A formal tone may suggest an informative purpose, while a casual tone might indicate an entertaining one.
• Consider the structure: How the text is organized can reveal the author's intent. For example, a comparison structure may indicate analysis.

Practice Makes Perfect

Here’s a sample passage and question to practice identifying the author's intent:

Passage: "In recent years, climate change has become a pressing issue that affects every corner of our planet. While some argue that it is a natural phenomenon, the overwhelming scientific consensus is that human activities are the primary cause. This paper aims to explore the evidence supporting this claim and discuss potential solutions."

Question: What is the author's intent in this passage?

• A) To entertain readers with a story about climate change.
• B) To inform readers about the causes of climate change.
• C) To persuade readers that climate change is a natural occurrence.
• D) To analyze the economic impacts of climate change.

Correct Answer: B) To inform readers about the causes of climate change. ??

Additional Tips for Success

Here are some additional strategies to enhance your understanding of the author's intent:

• Read actively: Engage with the text by highlighting key points and taking notes.
• Discuss with peers: Talking about passages with fellow test-takers can provide new insights.
• Take practice tests: Familiarize yourself with the format and types of questions on the TOEFL reading section.

Common Topics in TOEFL Reading

TOEFL reading passages often cover a range of topics. Here are some common themes you might encounter:

• Environmental issues
• Historical events
• Scientific advancements
• Cultural studies

By focusing on the author's intent and utilizing these strategies, you can improve your reading comprehension skills and boost your confidence for the TOEFL exam. Remember, practice is key! ?? Good luck on your journey to success!