托福聽力歷史類話題關(guān)鍵要素一:主題關(guān)鍵詞
在托福聽力的講座中,涉及歷史類話題時(shí),,通常會(huì)出現(xiàn)與發(fā)展,、起源或歷史相關(guān)的詞匯,比如 development, change, origin, historical 等等,。這些詞匯能夠很好地提示我們文章的核心內(nèi)容,。例如:
Professor: And what instrument comes to mind when you think of rock ‘n' roll?
Student: The electric Guitar?
在這里,大家需要注意到教授提出了兩個(gè)重要信息:一是話題“Electric Guitar”的引入,;二是歷史類文章的要素,,教授提到電吉他是一個(gè)“the result of a continuing development”,并且人們?cè)缙诰烷_始“modify acoustic guitar”,,因此可以推測(cè)文章將討論電吉他的演變過程,。
托福聽力歷史類話題關(guān)鍵要素二:影響
影響的方面包括話題的發(fā)展、發(fā)展過程中受到的影響以及其產(chǎn)生的影響等,。例如:
The first guitars were wooden. This is the Spanish guitar and the strings were made from animal products. Then came steel strings. And that led to the lap guitar, which is also called the steel guitar because the player slides a steel rod up and down the neck. And those are all acoustic guitars. OK?
But then eventually we have electric guitars. Over the years, many inventors and musicians contributed to the design of these instruments. And each design was intended to alter the sound in some way, at first at least with the electric guitar, to make it louder.
顯然,,教授接下來詳細(xì)講述了吉他的演變過程,包括第一種吉他木吉他,、鋼吉他和電吉他,,并強(qiáng)調(diào)了“許多發(fā)明者和音樂家對(duì)這種樂器的設(shè)計(jì)做出了貢獻(xiàn)”,這正是對(duì)話題影響的體現(xiàn),。
托福聽力歷史類話題關(guān)鍵要素三:時(shí)間
時(shí)間順序是理解歷史類話題的關(guān)鍵,。雖然下面的例子只提到了1890s和1920s兩個(gè)具體時(shí)間點(diǎn),但時(shí)間順序在歷史類文章中至關(guān)重要,,因?yàn)橥ǔ?huì)按照時(shí)間線從過去到現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行敘述,。以下是示例:
So let's get back to when the steel guitar was first introduced in the United States. It was right after the Spanish-American war in the late 1890s. US sailors who were stationed in Hawaii—then a US territory—were very enamored with the music they heard there. Uh, Hawaiian music was based on the steel guitar I just described. Some sailors learned how to play the steel guitar and brought it home to the States. Before long, Hawaiian steel guitar music was all the rage in the mainland US. It actually had a strong influence on the development of several musical genres, rock ‘n' roll most notably, but also jazz and blues.
Anyway, by the 1920s, with the advent of the public dance movement, people were gathering in large groups to listen to steel guitar music. But they had trouble hearing it, especially in large public settings. As I mentioned, the instrument was played horizontally, on the lap. Since the strings faced upward, the sound was projected toward the ceiling rather than outward toward the audience. Something had to be done, because the music venues and the audience kept getting larger and larger.
托福聽力歷史類話題關(guān)鍵要素四五:話題的特點(diǎn)&人物
這兩點(diǎn)通常是交織在一起的。以下是一個(gè)例子:
Electrified guitars already existed by the time Les Paul came into the picture around 1940. What Paul did was experiment with ways of removing the distortions and he succeeded. He designed a guitar with a solid body that relied solely on electronics. Paul's solid body eliminated the vibrations, and thus the distortions.
在此,,教授提到了Les Paul對(duì)電吉他的創(chuàng)新,,使其擁有了”solid body”,從而減少了聲音失真,。注意,,如果一篇文章中出現(xiàn)多個(gè)角色和多個(gè)事物特征時(shí),要特別留意區(qū)分這些特征的歸屬,,這通常是出題的重點(diǎn),。
以上就是托福聽力講座類lecture中高頻話題歷史類的五個(gè)關(guān)鍵信息要素,希望大家能夠掌握并抓住核心信息,,以便在考試中取得好成績(jī),。
托福聽力技巧分享
對(duì)于許多托福考生來說,,聽力部分可能是最具挑戰(zhàn)性的環(huán)節(jié)之一,。以下是一些實(shí)用的聽力技巧,,希望能幫助你在考試中取得更好的成績(jī)!??
1. 熟悉考試格式
了解托福聽力的考試結(jié)構(gòu)是非常重要的,。聽力部分通常包括:
熟悉這些內(nèi)容可以幫助你在考試中更快適應(yīng),,減少緊張情緒。
2. 提高聽力技巧
在備考期間,,多聽英語材料,,如:
這些資源不僅可以提高你的聽力理解能力,還能幫助你適應(yīng)不同的口音和語速,。??
3. 做筆記的藝術(shù)
在聽的過程中,,學(xué)會(huì)如何有效做筆記是關(guān)鍵。嘗試記錄:
例如,,在聽到一個(gè)關(guān)于“climate change”的講座時(shí),,你可以記錄下相關(guān)的statistics和impacts,這樣在回答問題時(shí)會(huì)更加得心應(yīng)手,。??
4. 理解題型
托福聽力中常見的題型包括:
每種題型都有其特定的解題技巧,。比如,對(duì)于Detail Questions,,確保在聽之前了解相關(guān)的背景信息,,可以幫助你更容易找到答案。??
5. 練習(xí)模擬考試
參加模擬考試是檢驗(yàn)自己聽力水平的好方法,。通過真實(shí)的考試環(huán)境來練習(xí),,可以幫助你適應(yīng)考試的節(jié)奏和時(shí)間限制??梢允褂猛懈9俜教峁┑木毩?xí)材料,,或者其他可信賴的資源。
6. 反思與總結(jié)
每次練習(xí)后,,花時(shí)間反思你所做的題目,。分析錯(cuò)誤的原因,找出自己的薄弱環(huán)節(jié),。比如,,如果你在“inference questions”上經(jīng)常出錯(cuò),那就要特別加強(qiáng)這方面的練習(xí),。??
7. 保持積極心態(tài)
最后,,保持積極的心態(tài)是非常重要的。在備考過程中,,難免會(huì)遇到挫折,,但相信自己能夠克服困難。適當(dāng)?shù)男菹⒑头潘梢材芴岣邔W(xué)習(xí)效率,。??
希望以上的聽力技巧能幫助你在托??荚囍腥〉美硐氲某煽?jī),!祝你好運(yùn)!??
托福歷史類話題備考策略 ??
在托??荚囍?,歷史類話題是一個(gè)常見的考點(diǎn)。這類問題通常涉及到歷史事件,、人物及其影響等。為了幫助考生更好地準(zhǔn)備這部分內(nèi)容,,以下是一些有效的備考策略,。
1. 理解常見題型 ??
歷史類話題的題型多種多樣,包括但不限于:
2. 建立知識(shí)框架 ???
在備考過程中,,建立一個(gè)清晰的歷史知識(shí)框架非常重要,。可以考慮以下幾個(gè)方面:
3. 閱讀與聽力練習(xí) ??
通過大量的閱讀和聽力練習(xí)來提高自己的理解能力。推薦的資源包括:
4. 模擬考試 ?
進(jìn)行模擬考試可以幫助考生熟悉考試形式和時(shí)間限制,。建議使用以下資源:
5. 寫作與口語訓(xùn)練 ??
對(duì)于寫作和口語部分,,建議考生定期進(jìn)行練習(xí),??梢試L試以下方法:
6. 積累相關(guān)詞匯 ??
歷史類話題往往需要特定的詞匯,,考生可以通過以下方式積累相關(guān)詞匯:
通過以上策略,考生可以在托福歷史類話題中取得更好的成績(jī),。希望大家在備考過程中保持積極的心態(tài),,努力提升自己的能力,最終實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo),!??