托福考生必備素材：論證negative方面的常用句型,。在托?？荚囍校瑢懽鞑糠謱?duì)于考生的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力要求較高,，尤其是在論證負(fù)面觀點(diǎn)時(shí),，掌握一些常用句型將極大提升你的寫作水平。本文將為大家整理出一些高分寫作素材,，幫助你在備考過(guò)程中更好地應(yīng)對(duì)寫作任務(wù),。

Common Phrases for Negative Arguments:

be at risk 處于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之中

… few of us has ever stopped to think about… 很少有人去考慮……

be concerned about… 對(duì)…….很關(guān)注，擔(dān)憂

have a hard time doing sth. 很難實(shí)現(xiàn)或完成某事

be at odds with sth. 與……不符,，與……沖突

be threatened with… 受到……的威脅

abide by/ comply with/ conform to 遵守(法律,、規(guī)定等)

… very little, if any, … 只有很少,，如果有的話

be overly dependent/ reliant on… 對(duì)某事過(guò)度依賴

be hard-pressed to… = find it difficult to…

be in short supply 供應(yīng)短缺

widen the gap between… and… 加大兩者之間的差距

in part because…/ partly because… 部分因?yàn)椤?/p>

frown on… 對(duì)……皺眉頭，反對(duì)

If… , … will ensue 如果……,，某種結(jié)果將跟隨而來(lái)

… hover at high levels ……居高不下

be inundated with sth./ be saturated with sth. 充斥著……(一般加負(fù)面的東西)

be subject to… 經(jīng)受,、遭受……

A can be attributed/ ascribed to B A可以歸因于B(多用于負(fù)面)

be susceptible to… 容易受到來(lái)自……的影響

distract sb. from… 分散某人的注意力

at the expense of… 以……為代價(jià)

run contrary to 與……背道而馳

erode the cultural identity/ national pride 侵蝕文化特性/民族自豪感

It’s wrong to equate… with… 把……等同于……是錯(cuò)誤的

be confronted with sth. 面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)、危機(jī),、困難等

copy sth. mechanically 機(jī)械地抄襲

… is not a panacea for… 某種方案并不是解決某個(gè)問(wèn)題的萬(wàn)能藥

be addicted to sth./ be preoccupied with sth. 對(duì)負(fù)面事物上癮

be absorbed in…/ be engrossed in… 對(duì)……(并不一定是負(fù)面事物)上癮

drive up the crime rate 導(dǎo)致犯罪率上升

exert detrimental influence upon/ have adverse effect on 對(duì)……有負(fù)面影響

sth. is unwarranted/ unjustifiable 某種做法很不合理

Additional Useful Expressions:

spin out of control 失去控制

are not compatible with…/ are incompatible with… 與……不一致或不協(xié)調(diào)

be likely to fall prey to/ be vulnerable to 容易成為……的受害者

sth. should be condemned rather than condoned 某事應(yīng)該被譴責(zé)而不是被寬恕

What’s the good of…? ……又有什么好處呢?

live in poverty/ misery/ frustration/ anxiety 生活在貧窮/困苦/沮喪/焦慮中

diminish individuals’ leisure time 減少人們的休閑時(shí)間

stifle creativity 扼殺創(chuàng)造力

be afflicted by… 遭受……

be oblivious to… 對(duì)……完全無(wú)視

cause grave concerns 引起嚴(yán)重關(guān)注

spell disaster/ trouble for… 某事意味著災(zāi)難/麻煩

deprive someone of sth. 剝奪某人的(自由,、權(quán)利，或者某種生活方式)

take… for granted 想當(dāng)然

poorly-informed, uninformed, or misinformed about… (公眾)關(guān)于某事的了解很少,，完全不了解或者了解錯(cuò)誤 (媒體類話題常用)

A has rendered B +adj./ n. A讓B變成某種狀態(tài)

lower one’s expectations 降低某人的期望值

go from bad to worse 越來(lái)越糟

There’s no guarantee that… 無(wú)法保證……

(a certain problem) has reached such proportions that… 問(wèn)題已經(jīng)到了……的程度

希望以上整理的內(nèi)容能夠幫助托?？忌趯懽髦懈玫乇磉_(dá)負(fù)面觀點(diǎn)，提升寫作能力,。通過(guò)積累和運(yùn)用這些句型,，相信你能在托福寫作中取得優(yōu)異的成績(jī)。

對(duì)于準(zhǔn)備托?？荚嚨目忌鷣?lái)說(shuō),，寫作部分是一個(gè)非常重要的環(huán)節(jié)。尤其是在“反方論證”部分,，能夠有效地表達(dá)不同觀點(diǎn)是提高分?jǐn)?shù)的關(guān)鍵,。本文將分享一些實(shí)用的句型和技巧，幫助你在托福寫作中更好地進(jìn)行反方論證,。?

1. 理解反方論證的重要性

首先,，反方論證不僅僅是對(duì)立觀點(diǎn)的簡(jiǎn)單陳述,，更是展示你思維深度的方式,。在許多托福寫作題目中，考生需要對(duì)某個(gè)觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行辯論,。比如,，題目可能是：“Do you agree or disagree with the statement that technology has made our lives better?” 在這種情況下，展示反方觀點(diǎn)可以讓你的論證更加全面,。

2. 常用反方論證句型

以下是一些常用的反方論證句型,，這些句型可以幫助你清晰地表達(dá)不同的觀點(diǎn)：

• “On the contrary, some argue that…” 例如：On the contrary, some argue that technology has led to increased isolation among individuals.
• “However, it is essential to consider…” 例如：However, it is essential to consider the negative impacts of technology on social interactions.
• “Despite the benefits, there are significant drawbacks…” 例如：Despite the benefits, there are significant drawbacks associated with excessive reliance on technology.
• “Opponents of this view claim that…” 例如：Opponents of this view claim that technological advancements can lead to job displacement.
• “Another perspective to consider is…” 例如：Another perspective to consider is that not everyone has equal access to technology.

3. 結(jié)構(gòu)化反方論證

在寫作時(shí)，確保你的反方論證有清晰的結(jié)構(gòu),?？梢园凑找韵虏襟E進(jìn)行：

• 引入反方觀點(diǎn)：首先簡(jiǎn)要介紹反方觀點(diǎn)。
• 提供支持理由：接著,，給出支持該觀點(diǎn)的理由和例子,。
• 反駁主流觀點(diǎn)：然后，指出主流觀點(diǎn)的弱點(diǎn)或局限性,。
• 總結(jié)反方論證：最后,，總結(jié)你的反方論證,，強(qiáng)調(diào)其重要性。

4. 實(shí)踐示例

下面是一個(gè)反方論證的范文,，供你參考：

While many believe that technology enhances our lives, on the contrary, some argue that it has detrimental effects on our social skills. For instance, people are increasingly communicating through screens rather than face-to-face, which can lead to feelings of loneliness and isolation. Despite the benefits, there are significant drawbacks that we must acknowledge. Furthermore, opponents of this view claim that technology can create a false sense of connection, where individuals feel more isolated despite being “connected.” Thus, another perspective to consider is the impact of technology on mental health, as studies show a correlation between excessive screen time and anxiety.

5. 練習(xí)與反饋

為了提高你的反方論證能力,，建議你多做練習(xí)?？梢哉乙恍┩懈懽黝}目進(jìn)行練習(xí),，并嘗試使用上述句型。記得在寫作后,，請(qǐng)老師或同學(xué)給你反饋,，指出你的論證是否清晰、邏輯是否嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),。

通過(guò)不斷的練習(xí)和調(diào)整,，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的反方論證能力逐漸提高，從而在托福寫作中取得更好的成績(jī),。??

在托福考試中,，掌握各種句型是提高寫作和口語(yǔ)得分的重要因素之一,。尤其是否定句型，它們不僅能幫助你表達(dá)觀點(diǎn),，還能讓你的論述更加嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),。以下是一些常用的否定句型及其使用技巧，供考生們參考,。

1. Not only... but also...

這個(gè)句型常用于強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)并列的觀點(diǎn),，可以有效地增強(qiáng)論證的力度。例如：

Not only did the new policy fail to improve the economy, but it also led to increased unemployment. (新政策不僅未能改善經(jīng)濟(jì),，反而導(dǎo)致失業(yè)率上升,。)

2. Neither... nor...

使用這個(gè)句型可以否定兩個(gè)事物或觀點(diǎn)，適合在寫作中引入對(duì)比,。例如：

Neither the students nor the teachers were satisfied with the outdated curriculum. (學(xué)生和老師都對(duì)過(guò)時(shí)的課程不滿意,。)

3. It is not that... but...

這個(gè)句型可以用來(lái)澄清誤解，強(qiáng)調(diào)真正的原因,。例如：

It is not that I dislike the city, but I find it too crowded for my taste. (我并不是不喜歡這個(gè)城市,，而是覺(jué)得它對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)太擁擠了。)

4. No one...

這個(gè)句型可以用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)無(wú)人或沒(méi)有人做某事,，通常用于引出一個(gè)普遍的觀點(diǎn),。例如：

No one can deny the importance of education in today's society. (沒(méi)有人可以否認(rèn)教育在當(dāng)今社會(huì)的重要性。)

5. Nothing...

與“No one”類似,，這個(gè)句型用于強(qiáng)調(diào)沒(méi)有任何事物,。例如：

Nothing can replace the value of hands-on experience in learning. (沒(méi)有任何東西可以替代實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)在學(xué)習(xí)中的價(jià)值,。)

6. Never...

使用“never”可以強(qiáng)調(diào)某事從未發(fā)生過(guò)，適合用于表達(dá)強(qiáng)烈的否定,。例如：

Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset. (我從未見(jiàn)過(guò)如此美麗的日落,。)

7. Without...

這個(gè)句型用于強(qiáng)調(diào)缺乏某種事物的影響。例如：

Without proper guidance, many students struggle to succeed in their studies. (沒(méi)有適當(dāng)?shù)闹笇?dǎo),，許多學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)上會(huì)感到困難,。)

8. Not... at all

這個(gè)句型用于強(qiáng)調(diào)完全否定某事，通常用于口語(yǔ)或非正式寫作,。例如：

I am not interested in that topic at all. (我對(duì)那個(gè)話題一點(diǎn)興趣都沒(méi)有,。)

在托福寫作和口語(yǔ)中，合理運(yùn)用這些否定句型可以使你的表達(dá)更加豐富和有力,。在練習(xí)時(shí),，可以嘗試將這些句型融入到你的觀點(diǎn)中，以提升你的語(yǔ)言能力,。

范文示例

題目：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Technology has made communication between people less personal.

參考答案：While technology has made communication easier, it has not necessarily made it less personal. For instance, video calls allow individuals to see each other’s expressions, which can enhance emotional connection. Furthermore, social media platforms enable people to share their lives more intimately than ever before. Therefore, it is not accurate to say that technology has diminished personal communication; rather, it has transformed it into a different form.

通過(guò)不斷練習(xí)和使用這些否定句型,，考生們可以在托福考試中更自信地表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn),，取得更好的成績(jī),！????