在備考托福閱讀考試的過程中,，擁有相關(guān)背景知識(shí)可以顯著提高閱讀速度和答題效率,。本文將為大家介紹關(guān)于太陽系第九行星的相關(guān)信息,，希望能幫助考生們更好地掌握托福閱讀的內(nèi)容,。

TOEFL Reading Background Knowledge: The Ninth Planet of the Solar System

Researchers are increasingly confident that a ninth planet exists in our solar system.

Two scientists from CalTech, Konstantin Batygin and Mike Brown, estimate this new planet to be about ten times the mass of Earth, with an atmosphere composed primarily of hydrogen and helium. According to Science magazine, this enigmatic "Planet X" follows a distant orbit beyond Neptune.

Although the researchers have yet to directly observe Planet X, they believe its existence is suggested by the unusual alignment of six objects when they approach the sun, as stated in Science.

The scientists assert that the probability of this alignment occurring by chance is merely 0.007 percent, leading them to conclude that a ninth planet must be present. They anticipate that they will be able to observe this planet using a telescope within five years, according to a report by The Associated Press.

But where might this possible planet originate? Scientists have previously theorized that a missing planet could exist in our solar system, with some suggesting that a collision may have ejected it from our system around 4 billion years ago, potentially involving Jupiter.

“Initially, we were quite skeptical about the existence of this planet, but as we explored its orbit and implications for the outer solar system, we became increasingly convinced of its presence,” Batygin remarked in a statement. “There is substantial evidence indicating that the census of planets in our solar system is incomplete.”

Batygin and Brown detailed their findings in The Astronomical Journal on Wednesday.

This discovery marks the second time Brown has altered our understanding of the solar system. In 2005, he made a pivotal discovery that led to Pluto being reclassified as a dwarf planet. In a statement on Wednesday, Brown—whose Twitter handle is @plutokiller—referenced his role in Pluto's reclassification, noting that this new discovery has a mass 5,000 times greater than Pluto, confirming its status as a true planet.

“For all those upset that Pluto is no longer considered a planet, they can take comfort in knowing that there is a genuine planet out there waiting to be discovered,” he said.

Source: Huffington Post

提升托福閱讀能力的關(guān)鍵在于積累相關(guān)知識(shí)和詞匯,，熟悉出題點(diǎn),，從而減少在考試中的思考時(shí)間,。希望以上關(guān)于太陽系第九行星的信息能夠幫助考生們?cè)谕懈ｉ喿x中取得更好的成績(jī)，祝愿大家在考試中順利通過！

托福閱讀背景知識(shí)的重要性

對(duì)于準(zhǔn)備托?？荚嚨目忌鷣碚f,，閱讀理解是一個(gè)不可忽視的部分。它不僅考察你的語言能力,，還要求你具備一定的背景知識(shí),。掌握相關(guān)的背景知識(shí)可以幫助你更好地理解文章內(nèi)容，提高你的閱讀效率和準(zhǔn)確性,。??

為什么背景知識(shí)重要,？

背景知識(shí)在托福閱讀中起著至關(guān)重要的作用。首先,，它能夠幫助你快速抓住文章的主題和主旨,。許多托福閱讀材料涉及科學(xué)、歷史,、文學(xué)等領(lǐng)域,，如果你對(duì)這些領(lǐng)域有基本的了解，將能更輕松地理解文章的內(nèi)容,。其次,，背景知識(shí)可以提升你的推理能力，幫助你在遇到不熟悉的詞匯時(shí)進(jìn)行合理的猜測(cè),。??

如何提高背景知識(shí),？

1. 廣泛閱讀：盡量多讀一些英文書籍、報(bào)紙和雜志,，尤其是那些與托?？荚囅嚓P(guān)的材料。例如,，National Geographic和The Economist是很好的選擇,。??

2. 關(guān)注熱點(diǎn)話題：了解當(dāng)前的社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)和科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，例如氣候變化,、人工智能等,，這些話題常常出現(xiàn)在托福閱讀中。??

3. 積累詞匯：在閱讀過程中,，記錄下不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞,，并查找其意思及用法?？梢允褂迷~匯卡片來幫助記憶,。??

托福閱讀的常見題型

在托福閱讀中，你可能會(huì)遇到以下幾種題型：

• Main Idea Questions: 這些問題通常要求你找出文章的主旨或中心思想,。
• Detail Questions: 需要你找到文章中的具體細(xì)節(jié),。
• Inference Questions: 這些問題要求你根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容進(jìn)行推理,。
• Vocabulary Questions: 詢問某個(gè)單詞在文章中的意思。

范文示例

以下是一篇關(guān)于“climate change”的短文示例：

Title: The Impact of Climate Change on Marine Life

Climate change has a significant impact on marine ecosystems. Rising ocean temperatures lead to coral bleaching, which threatens the survival of many marine species. Additionally, acidification caused by increased CO2 levels affects shellfish and other organisms that rely on calcium carbonate for their shells. Conservation efforts are crucial to mitigate these effects and protect marine biodiversity. ??

參考答案示例

對(duì)于上述范文的理解,，可以提出以下問題：

• What is the main idea of the passage?
• How does climate change affect coral reefs?
• Why are conservation efforts important?

新題預(yù)測(cè)

根據(jù)最新的趨勢(shì),，未來的托福閱讀可能會(huì)涉及以下話題：

• Renewable Energy Sources
• Technological Advances in Medicine
• Cultural Impacts of Globalization

最后的建議

準(zhǔn)備托福閱讀時(shí)，不要忽視背景知識(shí)的積累,。通過廣泛閱讀和關(guān)注熱點(diǎn)話題,，你將能夠在考試中取得更好的成績(jī)。祝你好運(yùn),！??

Understanding the Planets of Our Solar System ??

The solar system is a fascinating subject, especially for TOEFL test takers who may encounter questions related to astronomy. Knowing about the planets can not only help improve your vocabulary but also enhance your comprehension skills. In this article, we will explore the eight planets in our solar system, highlighting their unique features and significance.

1. Mercury ??

Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun. It has a rocky surface with many craters, similar to our Moon. Due to its proximity to the Sun, it experiences extreme temperature fluctuations—very hot during the day and freezing at night. Interestingly, Mercury has no atmosphere to retain heat.

2. Venus ♀?

Venus is often called Earth’s “sister planet” because of its similar size and composition. However, it has a thick atmosphere filled with carbon dioxide and sulfuric acid clouds, making it the hottest planet in our solar system. The greenhouse effect on Venus traps heat, leading to surface temperatures that can reach up to 900°F (475°C).

3. Earth ??

Earth is unique as it is the only planet known to support life. With its diverse ecosystems and abundant water, Earth has a perfect balance of conditions for living organisms. Its atmosphere is composed of nitrogen and oxygen, which are essential for life. Additionally, Earth has one natural satellite, the Moon, which influences tides and stabilizes the planet's rotation.

4. Mars ??

Mars, known as the Red Planet, is home to the largest volcano and canyon in the solar system. Its reddish appearance comes from iron oxide, or rust, on its surface. Mars has the potential for past or present life, and scientists are actively exploring the planet through rovers. The thin atmosphere primarily consists of carbon dioxide, making it inhospitable for humans without proper equipment.

5. Jupiter ?

Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system, known for its Great Red Spot, a massive storm larger than Earth. It is a gas giant, composed mainly of hydrogen and helium, and has a strong magnetic field. Jupiter has dozens of moons, including Ganymede, the largest moon in the solar system. Its immense size and gravitational pull have a significant influence on other celestial bodies.

6. Saturn ?

Saturn is famous for its stunning rings, which are made of ice particles, rock debris, and dust. Like Jupiter, it is also a gas giant. Saturn has a lower density than water, meaning it could theoretically float in a large enough body of water. Its many moons, including Titan, are of great interest to scientists studying the potential for life beyond Earth.

7. Uranus ?

Uranus is unique for its blue-green color, caused by methane in its atmosphere. It rotates on its side, which makes its axial tilt the most extreme of any planet in the solar system. This unusual rotation leads to extreme seasons that last over 20 years. Uranus has a faint ring system and 27 known moons.

8. Neptune ?

Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun and is known for its deep blue color, also due to methane. It has the strongest winds in the solar system, reaching speeds of over 1,200 miles per hour (2,000 kilometers per hour). Neptune has a dynamic atmosphere with storms, and it possesses 14 known moons, with Triton being the largest.

By understanding the characteristics of each planet, TOEFL test takers can better prepare for potential questions related to astronomy. Here are some useful terms that may come in handy:

• Planetary Atmosphere
• Gas Giant
• Rocky Surface
• Satellite
• Solar System

In conclusion, having knowledge about the planets in our solar system can enrich your understanding of various topics you may encounter on the TOEFL exam. It’s beneficial to familiarize yourself with these celestial bodies, as they can be part of reading passages or listening exercises. Good luck with your studies! ??