在托福寫作中，如何提升自己的表達(dá)能力,，是每位考生都應(yīng)該關(guān)注的重點(diǎn),。名詞化表達(dá)作為一種有效的寫作技巧，不僅能讓句子更具學(xué)術(shù)性,，還能提高寫作的整體水平,。接下來，我們將探討如何巧妙地運(yùn)用名詞化來提升托福寫作水平,。

What is Nominalization?

Nominalization refers to the transformation of verbs or adjectives into nouns. For example, converting verbs into nouns: discover → discovery, move → movement, refuse → refusal; and adjectives into nouns: careless → carelessness, difficult → difficulties, intense → intensity.

When to Use Nominalization?

Here are four situations where nominalization can enhance your writing:

1. Object of the Verb

Original: I do not know either what she meant or what he intends.
Nominalization: I do not know either her meaning or his intentions.

2. Passive Construction

Original: If people decide without enough persuasive information,，...
Nominalization: If a decision is made without enough persuasive information，...

3. Replacing "the fact that"

Original: The fact that I denied what he accused me of impressed the jury.
Nominalization: My denial of his accusations impressed the jury.

Better Nominalization:
a. When I denied his accusations,， I impressed the jury.
b. In denying his accusations,， I impressed the jury.

4. After "there is/are"

Original: We demand that the government stop taxing entertainment.
Nominalization: There is a demand for an end to taxation on entertainment.

Original: The floods considerably eroded the land.
Nominalization: There was considerable erosion of the land from the floods.

Avoid Overusing Nominalization

Some nominalized expressions can be unnecessary or redundant:

1. Noun after Verb

Original: The police conducted an investigation into the matter.
Revised: The police investigated the matter.

2. Noun as Subject

Original: Our discussion is concerned with a tax cut.
Revised: We discussed a tax cut.

3. Continuous Nominalization

Original:
a. First， she reviewed the evolution of the dorsal fin.
b. There was a first a review of the evolution of the dorsal fin.
Revised: First,， she reviewed how the dorsal fin evolved.

4. Connecting Nominalization

Original: Their cessation of hostilities was because of their personnel losses.
Revised: They ceased hostilities because they lost personnel.

Original: The instability of the motor housing did not preclude the completion of the field trials.
Revised: Even though the motor housing was unstable,， the research staff completed the field trials.

通過在托福寫作中靈活運(yùn)用名詞化表達(dá)，考生不僅能夠提升文章的學(xué)術(shù)性和邏輯性,，還可以有效提高分?jǐn)?shù),。在備考過程中，請(qǐng)務(wù)必結(jié)合具體的寫作需求,，適時(shí)使用名詞化技巧,，讓你的托福寫作更上一層樓。

Mastering Nominalization for TOEFL Success

As a TOEFL test-taker, one of the key skills you need to develop is the ability to use nominalization effectively in your writing and speaking. Nominalization refers to the process of converting verbs or adjectives into nouns. This technique can enhance your academic language and make your arguments more formal and sophisticated. Here are some tips to help you master nominalization! ??

Understanding Nominalization

Nominalization is not just about changing words; it’s about improving clarity and conciseness. For instance:

• Verb to Noun: "decide" becomes "decision"
• Adjective to Noun: "happy" becomes "happiness"

Using nominalized forms allows you to convey complex ideas more succinctly. Instead of saying, "The government decided to increase taxes," you can say, "The government's decision to increase taxes..." This shift not only makes your sentence more formal but also emphasizes the action as a concept. ??

Practice with Examples

To get comfortable with nominalization, practice transforming sentences. Here are some examples:

• Original: "The teacher explained the lesson."
  

  Nominalized: "The teacher's explanation of the lesson."

• Original: "They investigated the problem."
  

  Nominalized: "Their investigation of the problem."

By practicing these transformations, you'll find it easier to incorporate nominalization into your writing. Try to rewrite sentences from practice essays or reading materials you encounter. ??

Incorporating Nominalization in TOEFL Writing

When you're writing your TOEFL essays, aim to include nominalized forms to elevate your language. Here’s a sample question and how you might respond:

Question: "Do you agree or disagree that technology has improved communication?"

Sample Answer: "While some argue that technology has led to a decline in face-to-face interactions, I believe that the enhancement of communication through technology is undeniable. The development of various platforms has facilitated global connections, leading to a greater understanding of different cultures."

Notice how the use of nominalization (enhancement, development, understanding) adds sophistication to the response. ??

Listening and Speaking Practice

Nominalization also plays a role in the speaking section of the TOEFL. When answering questions, aim to use nominalized forms where appropriate. For instance:

Question: "What is your opinion on environmental protection?"

Response: "The importance of environmental protection cannot be overstated. The impact of pollution on our ecosystems necessitates immediate action."

In listening exercises, pay attention to how speakers use nominalization. This can give you insights into effective structures and vocabulary that you can adopt in your own responses. ??

Resources for Further Practice

To further develop your nominalization skills, consider using the following resources:

• TOEFL preparation books that focus on writing and speaking strategies.
• Online forums and study groups where you can practice writing and receive feedback.
• Academic articles and essays where you can identify and analyze nominalized forms.

Engaging with these materials will help reinforce your understanding and application of nominalization in a variety of contexts. ??

Final Thoughts

Mastering nominalization can significantly improve your TOEFL performance. By incorporating this technique into your writing and speaking, you will present your ideas more clearly and effectively. Remember, practice makes perfect, so take the time to work on these skills consistently. Good luck! ??

對(duì)于許多托?？忌鷣碚f,，寫作部分常常是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。然而，通過一些有效的提升方法,，您可以顯著提高自己的寫作水平,。以下是一些實(shí)用的技巧和建議，幫助您在托福寫作中取得更好的成績,！

1. 熟悉考試格式 ??

首先,，了解托福寫作的結(jié)構(gòu)是至關(guān)重要的。托福寫作包括兩個(gè)部分：Integrated Writing 和 Independent Writing,。在 Integrated Writing 中,，您需要閱讀一段文章并聽一段相關(guān)的聽力材料，隨后寫出對(duì)這兩者的總結(jié)和比較,。而在 Independent Writing 中,，您將根據(jù)給定的題目表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)。

2. 積累詞匯量 ??

豐富的詞匯量能夠幫助您在寫作中更準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)思想,。每天花一些時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)新單詞,，并嘗試在寫作中使用它們。以下是一些常見的托福寫作詞匯：

• Advantage
• Disadvantage
• Consequently
• Furthermore

3. 多練習(xí)寫作 ??

寫作是一項(xiàng)技能,，只有通過不斷的練習(xí)才能提高,。您可以選擇一些托福寫作的題目進(jìn)行練習(xí)，例如：

Topic: Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is better to work in teams than alone.

在練習(xí)時(shí),，確保設(shè)定時(shí)間限制,，以模擬真實(shí)考試環(huán)境。完成后,，您可以請(qǐng)老師或同學(xué)幫您批改,，獲取反饋。

4. 學(xué)會(huì)組織文章結(jié)構(gòu) ??

托福寫作要求有清晰的文章結(jié)構(gòu),。一般來說,，您可以遵循以下結(jié)構(gòu)：

• Introduction - 引入話題并提出論點(diǎn)
• Body Paragraphs - 每個(gè)段落支持您的論點(diǎn)
• Conclusion - 總結(jié)您的觀點(diǎn)

5. 注意語法和拼寫 ??

語法和拼寫錯(cuò)誤會(huì)影響您的分?jǐn)?shù)，因此在寫作時(shí)要特別注意,。寫完后,，留出一些時(shí)間進(jìn)行校對(duì)，檢查是否有錯(cuò)誤,。使用一些在線工具,，如 Grammarly，可以幫助您識(shí)別和糾正錯(cuò)誤,。

6. 參考范文 ??

閱讀高分范文可以幫助您理解優(yōu)秀寫作的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),。以下是一個(gè)高分范文的例子：

Sample Essay: "In today’s world, teamwork is often seen as a crucial element for success. Working in teams allows individuals to share ideas and leverage each other's strengths. However, there are also benefits to working alone, such as increased focus and independence. In my opinion, while both methods have their merits, teamwork generally leads to better outcomes."

7. 模擬考試環(huán)境 ??

在臨近考試時(shí)，盡量模擬真實(shí)的考試環(huán)境進(jìn)行寫作練習(xí),。這不僅能幫助您適應(yīng)考試節(jié)奏,，還能提高您的時(shí)間管理能力,。

8. 參加寫作課程或小組 ??

如果條件允許，參加托福寫作課程或加入學(xué)習(xí)小組,，可以獲得更多的指導(dǎo)和支持,。在小組中，您可以與其他考生分享經(jīng)驗(yàn),，互相評(píng)估,，提高寫作能力。

通過以上的方法,，您可以逐步提升自己的托福寫作能力,。記住，持之以恒的練習(xí)和不斷的反饋是成功的關(guān)鍵,。祝您在托?？荚囍腥〉脙?yōu)異的成績！