托福聽(tīng)力建筑學(xué)與城市規(guī)劃類(lèi)詞匯集錦是備考托福聽(tīng)力的重要組成部分，掌握相關(guān)詞匯將幫助考生在考試中更好地理解和應(yīng)對(duì)建筑與城市規(guī)劃主題的聽(tīng)力材料,。以下是一些常見(jiàn)的建筑學(xué)與城市規(guī)劃詞匯，供考生參考,。

建筑學(xué)相關(guān)詞匯：

prototype - 原型

architecture - 建筑學(xué)

architect - 建筑師

beam - 梁

building material - 建筑材料

building technique - 建筑工藝

design element - 設(shè)計(jì)元素

elevator - 電梯

gas station - 加油站

glass box - 玻璃盒子

metal-frame - 金屬結(jié)構(gòu)

new material - 新材料

office building - 寫(xiě)字樓

planetarium - 天文館

archives - 檔案館

aquarium - 水族館

cabin - 小木屋

castle - 城堡

cathedral - 大教堂

mosque - 清真寺

pyramid - 金字塔

skyscraper - 摩天大樓

Sphinx - 獅身人面像

the Statue of Liberty - 自由女神像

the Triumphal Arch - 凱旋門(mén)

wing - 輻樓/側(cè)樓

城市規(guī)劃相關(guān)詞匯：

pedestrian mall - 步行街

retail - 零售

business owner - 商業(yè)老板

downtown - 市中心

suburb - 郊區(qū)

country/rural area - 農(nóng)村地區(qū)

residential area - 住宅區(qū)

local resident - 當(dāng)?shù)鼐用?/p>

dweller - 居民

inhabitant - 居民

sidewalk - 人行道

off-limits - 禁區(qū)，禁止進(jìn)入

automobile - 汽車(chē)

transportation hub - 交通樞紐

bus terminal - 公交終點(diǎn)站

subway/underground station - 地鐵站

conference - 會(huì)議

parking area/lot - 停車(chē)場(chǎng)

decoration/adornment - 裝飾品

layout - 布局

architect - 建筑師

compact - 緊湊的

dome - 穹頂

steel girder - 鋼梁

通過(guò)以上詞匯的學(xué)習(xí),，相信考生們能夠在托福聽(tīng)力考試中更自信地應(yīng)對(duì)建筑學(xué)與城市規(guī)劃相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，取得理想的成績(jī),。希望大家在備考過(guò)程中不斷積累并運(yùn)用這些專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯,，為自己的托福之路打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。

Preparing for the TOEFL can be a daunting task, especially when it comes to specific subject areas like architecture. Understanding key vocabulary in this field can significantly enhance your listening comprehension. Here, I will share some essential architectural vocabulary that can help you excel in the TOEFL listening section. ???

1. Architectural Styles

Familiarizing yourself with various architectural styles is crucial. Here are a few common terms:

• Gothic: Characterized by pointed arches and ribbed vaults.
• Baroque: Known for its grandeur and elaborate details.
• Modernism: Emphasizes simplicity and functionality.

2. Building Components

Understanding the basic components of buildings can aid in grasping the context of conversations in the listening section. Key terms include:

• Foundation: The base that supports a structure.
• Facade: The front or face of a building.
• Roof: The top covering of a building.

3. Construction Techniques

Listening for discussions on construction techniques is common. Here are some relevant terms:

• Load-bearing walls: Walls that support the weight of the structure above.
• Cantilever: A beam supported only on one end.
• Reinforced concrete: Concrete that is strengthened with steel bars.

4. Sustainability in Architecture

Many TOEFL listening passages focus on sustainable practices. Familiarize yourself with these concepts:

• Green building: Structures designed to minimize environmental impact.
• Passive solar design: Using natural energy for heating and cooling.
• LEED certification: A rating system for environmentally friendly buildings.

5. Sample Listening Passage

To give you an idea of what to expect, here’s a brief sample passage:

"Today, we will discuss the features of Gothic architecture. One notable aspect is the use of pointed arches, which not only provide structural support but also allow for larger windows. This style emphasizes verticality and light, creating an ethereal atmosphere in cathedrals." ??

6. Practice Questions

After listening to a passage, you might encounter questions like:

• What are two characteristics of Gothic architecture mentioned in the passage?
• How does the use of pointed arches benefit the structure?

7. Tips for Effective Listening

Here are some strategies to improve your listening skills in architecture:

• Take notes while listening to identify key points.
• Practice with real TOEFL materials to get familiar with the format.
• Listen to architecture podcasts or lectures to immerse yourself in the vocabulary.

By incorporating these architectural terms into your study routine, you can enhance your understanding and performance in the TOEFL listening section. Remember, consistent practice is key! Good luck! ??

對(duì)于準(zhǔn)備托福考試的考生來(lái)說(shuō),，聽(tīng)力部分往往是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn),。尤其是在涉及到城市規(guī)劃等專(zhuān)業(yè)話(huà)題時(shí),，考生需要掌握一些特定的技巧來(lái)提高自己的聽(tīng)力理解能力。以下是一些實(shí)用的聽(tīng)力技巧,，幫助你在托?？荚囍腥〉酶玫某煽?jī)！??

了解城市規(guī)劃的基本概念

在托福聽(tīng)力部分,，可能會(huì)涉及到城市規(guī)劃的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。首先,，了解一些基本的城市規(guī)劃術(shù)語(yǔ)是非常重要的,。例如：

• Urbanization - 城市化
• Zoning - 區(qū)域劃分
• Sustainability - 可持續(xù)性
• Infrastructure - 基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施

熟悉這些詞匯可以幫助你在聽(tīng)力過(guò)程中更快地理解講者的意圖和內(nèi)容。??

練習(xí)聽(tīng)力材料

為了提高你的聽(tīng)力技能,，建議使用一些與城市規(guī)劃相關(guān)的聽(tīng)力材料進(jìn)行練習(xí)?？梢赃x擇以下類(lèi)型的內(nèi)容：

• Podcasts on urban development
• Documentaries about city planning
• Lectures from urban studies courses

這些材料不僅能夠幫助你適應(yīng)托福的聽(tīng)力風(fēng)格,，還能增強(qiáng)你對(duì)城市規(guī)劃主題的理解,。??

關(guān)注關(guān)鍵詞和信號(hào)詞

在聽(tīng)力測(cè)試中，講者通常會(huì)使用關(guān)鍵詞和信號(hào)詞來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)重要信息,。注意以下幾類(lèi)詞匯：

• Transition words (e.g., however, therefore, in addition)
• Examples (e.g., for instance, such as)
• Contrasting ideas (e.g., on the other hand, unlike)

這些詞匯能夠幫助你更好地把握講者的思路,，并抓住關(guān)鍵信息。??

模擬考試環(huán)境

在備考過(guò)程中,，模擬真實(shí)的考試環(huán)境是非常有幫助的,。可以通過(guò)以下方式進(jìn)行模擬：

• 定時(shí)完成托福聽(tīng)力練習(xí)題
• 在安靜的環(huán)境中進(jìn)行聽(tīng)力練習(xí)
• 記錄下你的答案并進(jìn)行分析

這種方法能夠幫助你適應(yīng)考試的節(jié)奏,，提高你的應(yīng)試能力。?

參考范文與題目示例

以下是一個(gè)可能的聽(tīng)力題目示例：

Listening Text: "In recent years, many cities have adopted new zoning laws to promote sustainable urban growth..."

Question: What is the main focus of the new zoning laws mentioned in the lecture?

Answer: The new zoning laws aim to encourage sustainable urban growth by regulating land use and promoting green spaces.

通過(guò)分析這樣的題目和答案,，你可以更好地理解如何從聽(tīng)力材料中提取信息,。??

保持積極的心態(tài)

最后,，保持積極的心態(tài)也是成功的重要因素。在備考期間,，可能會(huì)遇到困難和挫折,，但請(qǐng)記住，每一次練習(xí)都是一個(gè)進(jìn)步的機(jī)會(huì),。相信自己的能力，逐步提升你的聽(tīng)力水平,。??

希望以上技巧能夠幫助你在托福聽(tīng)力部分取得理想的成績(jī),！祝你好運(yùn)！??