在托福閱讀中，長(zhǎng)難句常常讓考生感到困惑,，尤其是那些包含狀語(yǔ)從句的句子,。通過(guò)分析這些句子的結(jié)構(gòu)，我們能夠更好地理解文章內(nèi)容,。接下來(lái),，我們將通過(guò)具體實(shí)例來(lái)講解如何從狀語(yǔ)從句入手，幫助大家輕松應(yīng)對(duì)托福閱讀中的長(zhǎng)難句,。

Example 1

Ordinary meteoric water is water that has soaked into the ground from the surface, from precipitation (rain and snow) and from lakes and streams.

Analysis: 主語(yǔ)是 Ordinary meteoric water,，系動(dòng)詞是 is，that 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾 water,，在從句中作主語(yǔ),，has soaked 是謂語(yǔ)。

Translation: 普通氣象水是由來(lái)自地表、降水（雨和雪）以及湖泊和溪流滲透到地下形成的水,。

Example 2

For example, as the great ice sheets that covered North America during the last ice age steadily melted away, huge volumes of water flowed from them.

Analysis: As 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,，主語(yǔ)是 the great ice sheets，that 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾 the great ice sheets,，melted away 是謂語(yǔ),。主句的主語(yǔ)是 huge volumes of water，謂語(yǔ)是 flowed,。

Translation: 例如,，當(dāng)最后一個(gè)冰河時(shí)代覆蓋北美的巨大冰層逐漸融化時(shí)，大量水從中流出,。

Example 3

In that case, climax communities would be the most fragile and the least stable, since they can require hundreds of years to return to the climax state.

Analysis: In that case 是狀語(yǔ),，主語(yǔ)是 climax communities，謂語(yǔ)是 would be,，since 表示原因,。

Translation: 那樣的話，頂級(jí)群落將是最脆弱和最不穩(wěn)定的,，因?yàn)樗鼈兛赡苄枰獛装倌瓴拍芑謴?fù)到頂級(jí)狀態(tài),。

Example 4

It has long been accepted that the Americas were colonized by a migration of peoples from Asia, slowly traveling across a land bridge called Beringia (now the Bering Strait between northeastern Asia and Alaska) during the last Ice Age.

Analysis: It 是形式主語(yǔ)，that 從句是實(shí)際主語(yǔ),。

Translation: 在最后一個(gè)冰川時(shí)期，亞洲人群通過(guò)白令陸橋慢慢移民并殖民美洲,，這一觀點(diǎn)長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)被接受,。

Example 5

Only the last of these was suited at all to the continuous operating of machines, and although waterpower abounded in Lancashire and Scotland and ran grain mills as well as textile mills, it had one great disadvantage: streams flowed where nature intended them to and water-driven factories had to be located on their banks whether or not the location was desirable for other reasons.

Analysis: 這是一個(gè)并列句，由 and 連接,。Although 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,。

Translation: 這些能量來(lái)源中，只有最后一種適合機(jī)器的連續(xù)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn); 盡管水力在蘭開(kāi)夏和蘇格蘭豐富,，并驅(qū)動(dòng)谷物和紡織廠,，但水力有一個(gè)重大缺點(diǎn)：溪水流向自然所指引的地方，而水驅(qū)動(dòng)的工廠必須建在河岸上,，不論這個(gè)位置是否符合其他因素,。

Example 6

Early in the century, a pump had come into use in which expanding steam raised a piston in a cylinder, and atmospheric pressure brought it down again when the steam condensed inside the cylinder to form a vacuum.

Analysis: Early in the century 是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，and 連接兩個(gè)并列句,。

Translation: 在本世紀(jì)早期,，一種泵開(kāi)始使用，擴(kuò)展的蒸汽推動(dòng)氣缸內(nèi)的活塞上升,，當(dāng)蒸汽在氣缸內(nèi)冷凝形成真空時(shí),，大氣壓力又將其壓下。

通過(guò)上述實(shí)例,，我們可以看到,，理解托福閱讀中狀語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)與功能,，對(duì)于解析長(zhǎng)難句至關(guān)重要。希望這些技巧能夠幫助考生在托福閱讀中取得更好的成績(jī),。

托?？荚囍械拈喿x部分常常讓考生感到困惑，尤其是長(zhǎng)難句的解析,。掌握一些技巧可以幫助你更好地理解這些句子,，從而提升你的閱讀理解能力。??

理解長(zhǎng)難句的結(jié)構(gòu)

首先,，了解句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是關(guān)鍵,。長(zhǎng)難句通常由多個(gè)分句組成，包含主句和從句,。識(shí)別這些分句可以幫助你抓住句子的核心意思,。例如：

“Although the weather was bad, we decided to go hiking because we wanted to enjoy nature.”

在這個(gè)句子中，“Although the weather was bad”是一個(gè)從句,，而“we decided to go hiking”是主句,。注意到“because”引導(dǎo)的原因從句，可以幫助你理解作者的意圖,。

注意連接詞的使用

連接詞在長(zhǎng)難句中起著重要的作用,。它們不僅連接句子的不同部分，還能提供上下文信息,。例如：

“The research, which was conducted over several years, revealed that a significant number of species are at risk of extinction.”

這里的“which”引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,，提供了關(guān)于“research”的額外信息。因此,，在閱讀時(shí),，要特別關(guān)注這些連接詞，它們可以幫助你理清句子的邏輯關(guān)系,。

分解句子,，逐步理解

面對(duì)復(fù)雜的長(zhǎng)句，不妨嘗試將其分解成更小的部分,。你可以先找出主句,，再逐步添加從句。比如：

“The book, written by a renowned author, offers insights into the complexities of human behavior.”

可以分解為：主句是“The book offers insights”,，然后加上“written by a renowned author”的描述,。這種方法能幫助你更清晰地理解句子。

多做練習(xí),，提升能力

通過(guò)不斷練習(xí),，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己對(duì)長(zhǎng)難句的理解能力逐漸提高。建議你可以找一些托福閱讀的真題進(jìn)行練習(xí)。在閱讀時(shí),，嘗試用上述方法分析句子,。例如：

“Despite the challenges posed by urbanization, many cities have successfully implemented green spaces.”

在這句話中，首先要識(shí)別出“Despite the challenges”是一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ),，接下來(lái)的主句則表達(dá)了城市成功實(shí)施綠色空間的結(jié)果,。

總結(jié)常見(jiàn)的長(zhǎng)難句特征

在備考過(guò)程中，注意以下幾個(gè)常見(jiàn)特征可以幫助你更好地應(yīng)對(duì)長(zhǎng)難句：

• 從句的使用：定語(yǔ)從句,、狀語(yǔ)從句等,。
• 插入語(yǔ)的存在：通常用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。
• 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的頻繁出現(xiàn),。

通過(guò)識(shí)別這些特征,，你可以快速定位句子的主要信息，從而提高理解效率,。

最后的建議

在備考托福閱讀時(shí),，保持耐心和恒心是非常重要的。?? 多讀,、多練習(xí),，逐步提高自己的閱讀能力。祝你在托?？荚囍腥〉煤贸煽?jī),！

Understanding Adverbial Clauses for TOEFL Success

As a TOEFL test-taker, mastering the use of adverbial clauses can significantly enhance your writing and speaking skills. These clauses provide context, such as time, reason, condition, and contrast, making your sentences more complex and interesting. In this article, we will analyze various examples of adverbial clauses to help you understand their structure and usage better. ??

What is an Adverbial Clause?

An adverbial clause is a group of words that functions as an adverb in a sentence. It usually begins with a subordinating conjunction, such as "because," "although," "if," or "when." These clauses add depth to your sentences by answering questions like "why?", "when?", "where?", or "under what conditions?".

Examples of Adverbial Clauses

Let’s look at some examples to clarify how adverbial clauses work:

• Time: "I will call you when I arrive."

  
  This sentence indicates that the action of calling is dependent on the arrival.

• Reason: "She passed the exam because she studied hard."

  
  The clause provides a reason for her success in the exam.

• Condition: "If it rains, we will stay indoors."

  
  This shows that staying indoors depends on the condition of rain.

• Contrast: "Although he was tired, he continued working."

  
  This emphasizes the contrast between his tiredness and his decision to keep working.

Tips for Using Adverbial Clauses

Here are some practical tips for incorporating adverbial clauses into your writing and speaking:

1. Variety is Key: Use different types of adverbial clauses to make your sentences more dynamic. For instance, mix time clauses with reason clauses.
2. Practice Makes Perfect: Write sentences using adverbial clauses. For example, create sentences like "I will go for a walk unless it gets too cold." This practice will help you become more comfortable with their structure.
3. Read Actively: When reading academic texts or articles, pay attention to how authors use adverbial clauses. Note down examples that you find effective. ??
4. Speak with Confidence: During the speaking section of the TOEFL, try to incorporate adverbial clauses naturally. For instance, "I prefer studying in the morning because I am more focused then." This will showcase your grammatical range.

Sample TOEFL Writing Prompt

Consider the following prompt: "Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is better to work in a team than to work alone." Support your opinion with specific reasons and examples.

In your response, you might write:

"I believe that working in a team is often more beneficial, especially when tackling complex projects. Because team members can contribute diverse ideas, the outcome is usually more innovative."

Anticipated Questions for TOEFL Speaking

Here are a few anticipated questions where you can practice using adverbial clauses:

• What do you enjoy doing in your free time, especially when you have a long weekend?
• Describe a challenge you faced when you were younger. How did you overcome it?
• What is your favorite season, and why do you prefer it over others?

Conclusion

By understanding and practicing the use of adverbial clauses, you can improve your overall communication skills for the TOEFL. Remember to use them thoughtfully to add clarity and sophistication to your writing and speaking. Good luck! ??

對(duì)于許多托?？忌鷣?lái)說(shuō),，閱讀部分往往是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。為了幫助你更好地應(yīng)對(duì)這個(gè)部分,，以下是一些實(shí)用的托福考試閱讀技巧,，讓你在考試中輕松應(yīng)對(duì),！??

1. 理解題型 ??

在開(kāi)始備考之前，了解不同的題型是非常重要的,。托福閱讀通常包括以下幾種題型：

• Factual Information: 這些問(wèn)題要求你找到文本中的具體信息,。
• Negative Factual Information: 這些問(wèn)題會(huì)詢問(wèn)不正確的信息。
• Inference: 這些問(wèn)題需要你根據(jù)文本推斷出作者的意圖或觀點(diǎn),。
• Synthesis: 這些問(wèn)題要求將多個(gè)段落的信息結(jié)合起來(lái)進(jìn)行回答,。

2. 預(yù)讀和掃讀技巧 ??

在正式閱讀之前，先快速瀏覽一下文章的標(biāo)題,、每段的首句和末句,。這可以幫助你把握文章的大意和結(jié)構(gòu)。通過(guò)這種方式，你能節(jié)省很多時(shí)間,，尤其是在遇到復(fù)雜的文章時(shí),。

3. 標(biāo)記關(guān)鍵詞 ??

在閱讀過(guò)程中，使用不同的顏色標(biāo)記關(guān)鍵詞和重要信息,。這不僅可以幫助你在回答問(wèn)題時(shí)快速定位,，還能增強(qiáng)你的記憶。比如,，使用紅色標(biāo)記定義性的詞匯,，藍(lán)色標(biāo)記例子，綠色標(biāo)記對(duì)比等,。

4. 注意細(xì)節(jié) ??

雖然理解大意很重要,，但細(xì)節(jié)同樣不可忽視。在回答具體問(wèn)題時(shí),，確保你回到文本中查找相關(guān)信息,。比如，如果問(wèn)題是：“What does the author imply about...?”,，你需要找到支持這個(gè)推論的具體句子,。

5. 時(shí)間管理 ?

托福閱讀部分的時(shí)間有限，因此合理分配時(shí)間至關(guān)重要,。建議你每篇文章控制在 20 minutes 內(nèi)完成,，包括閱讀和回答問(wèn)題。如果某個(gè)問(wèn)題卡住了,，先跳過(guò),，待最后再回頭處理。

6. 多做練習(xí) ??

通過(guò)做大量的托福閱讀練習(xí)題來(lái)提高你的閱讀能力,?？梢詤⒖家韵路段暮皖}目：

Sample Passage: "The impact of climate change on polar bears has become a significant concern for scientists. As temperatures rise, the sea ice melts, leading to a decline in their hunting grounds."

Question: What is the main concern regarding polar bears as mentioned in the passage?

Answer: The decline in their hunting grounds due to melting sea ice.

7. 學(xué)習(xí)新詞匯 ??

擴(kuò)大詞匯量是提高閱讀理解能力的關(guān)鍵。每天學(xué)習(xí)一些新單詞,，并嘗試在實(shí)際閱讀中應(yīng)用它們,。比如，了解“habitat”（棲息地）,、“diversity”（多樣性）等常見(jiàn)詞匯及其同義詞和反義詞,。

8. 考前準(zhǔn)備??

在考試前，確保自己熟悉考試格式和規(guī)則,。參加模擬考試,，體驗(yàn)真實(shí)考試的壓力和時(shí)間限制。這樣可以幫助你在真正的考試中更加從容不迫,。

通過(guò)以上這些技巧,，相信你能在托福閱讀部分取得理想的成績(jī),！祝你好運(yùn)！??