關(guān)于定位詞的雅思A類閱讀出題思路，很多考生在備考過程中常常感到困惑,，尤其是在面對復(fù)雜的閱讀理解時(shí),。本文將為大家提供一些針對定位詞的出題思路和技巧，幫助考生更有效地理解文章內(nèi)容,，從而提升雅思閱讀成績,。

首先，我們來看一個(gè)具體的例子,，來自Cambridge 6, Q17,。

As a result, factors such as 17_______ and attitudes to children have been eliminated ...

在這句話中，出現(xiàn)了我們熟悉的and結(jié)構(gòu)，找到attitudes后,，我們基本上接近答案,。同時(shí)，前面的factors和eliminated也提供了重要的線索,。接下來,，我們需要回到原文進(jìn)行定位。

Now a long-term study carried out in Nicaragua has eliminated these factors by showing that teaching reading to poor adult women, who would otherwise have remained illiterate, has a direct effect on their children's health and survival.

在這段文字中,，我們找到了factors和eliminated,，但并未找到and結(jié)構(gòu)或attitudes。許多考生可能會繼續(xù)向下尋找,，導(dǎo)致離答案越來越遠(yuǎn),。然而，注意代詞these的存在,，它指代了前面的內(nèi)容,，暗示我們需要的factors已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)。只需向前看一句,，便能輕松找到答案,。

Most literate women learnt to read in primary school, and the fact that a woman has had an education may simply indicate her family's wealth or that it values its children more highly.

我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，這里的并列結(jié)構(gòu)and和or與題目中的attitudes to children形成同義轉(zhuǎn)述,，因此答案應(yīng)為family’s wealth,，選項(xiàng)J即為答案。在此,，attitude的同義轉(zhuǎn)述增加了難度,，但有了these的提示，我們能夠更輕松地找到答案,。

同樣的情況出現(xiàn)在Cambridge 8, P29,，請大家自行完成。

Positive results could be produced by factors such as 34 ………… or 35 …………….

原文: Just because chance had been ruled out as an explanation did not prove telepathy must exist; there were many other ways of getting positive results. These ranged from 'sensory leakage' - where clues about the pictures accidentally reach the receiver - to outright fraud. In response, the researchers issued a review of all the Garfield studies done up to 1985 to show that 80 per cent had found statistically significant evidence. However, they also agreed that there were still too many problems in the experiments which could lead to positive results, and they drew up a list demanding new standards for future research.

我們注意到,，上述案例僅限于兩句之間的代詞指代,，但如果我們將視野擴(kuò)展,，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)更多的可能性,。接下來，讓我們再看一個(gè)來自Cambridge 9, Q14的例子,，這是關(guān)于為B段選標(biāo)題的題目,。

原文:

In discussing whether we are alone, most SETI scientists adopt two ground rules. First, UFOs (Unidentified Flying Objects) are generally ignored since most scientists don’t consider the evidence for them to be strong enough to bear serious consideration although it is also important to keep an open mind in case any really convincing evidence emerges in the future. Second, we make a very conservative assumption that we are looking for a life form that is pretty well like us, since if it differs radically from us we may well not recognize it as a life form, quite apart from whether we are able to communicate with it. In other words, the life form we are looking for may well have two green heads and seven fingers, but it will nevertheless resemble us in that it should communicate with its fellows, be interested in the Universe, live on a planet orbiting a star like our Sun, and perhaps most restrictively, have a chemistry, like us, based on carbon and water.

當(dāng)你看到選項(xiàng)iv. Assumptions underlying the search for extraterrestrial intelligence時(shí)，不知是否有足夠的把握選擇它,。在短時(shí)間內(nèi)選出這個(gè)答案確實(shí)需要實(shí)力,。即使考生選中此選項(xiàng)，也可能會感到不確定,，這種心理波動(dòng)會影響后續(xù)答題,。然而,，當(dāng)我們看到C段首句‘Even when we make these assumptions, our understanding of other life forms is still severely limited.’時(shí)，我們可以自信地選擇答案iv,。這里,，these assumptions對上一段內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了概括，顯示了代詞的強(qiáng)大作用,。同樣的情況在Cambridge 7, Q14中也有所體現(xiàn),，只是將B段首句中的techniques替換為了選項(xiàng)中的methods。

實(shí)際上,，在代詞家族中,，this、that,、they,、those等都有類似用法?？忌趯W(xué)習(xí)過程中應(yīng)保持敏銳,，留意這些代詞的使用，并牢記“代詞向前看”的原則,，相信這些代詞會在雅思閱讀高分的路上助你一臂之力,。此外，在雅思寫作中合理使用代詞也能起到良好的連接作用,，值得嘗試,。

以上就是關(guān)于定位詞的雅思A類閱讀出題思路，希望考生能夠認(rèn)真吸收這些經(jīng)驗(yàn),，并在實(shí)際訓(xùn)練中加以運(yùn)用,，預(yù)祝大家在雅思考試中取得優(yōu)異的成績。

雅思A類閱讀考試是許多考生面臨的一項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn),。在這篇文章中,，我將分享一些關(guān)于定位詞技巧的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，這些技巧可以幫助你在閱讀理解部分更有效地找到答案,。??

什么是定位詞,？

定位詞是指在題目或選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵詞，這些詞能夠幫助我們迅速找到相關(guān)的信息,。這些詞通常是名詞,、動(dòng)詞或形容詞，它們在文本中往往有對應(yīng)的同義詞或近義詞,。?

如何識別定位詞,？

在閱讀題目時(shí)，首先要快速找到題干中的關(guān)鍵詞。例如,，如果題目是：

“What is the main reason for the decline in bee populations?”

那么“decline”和“bee populations”就是你的定位詞,。當(dāng)你看到這些詞時(shí)，應(yīng)該在閱讀文本中尋找它們的同義詞或相關(guān)信息,。

使用同義詞和反義詞

雅思閱讀中常常會使用同義詞替換,，例如，“decline”可能會在文本中被表述為 “decrease” 或 “reduction”,。因此,，熟悉常見的同義詞是非常重要的。??

段落結(jié)構(gòu)的理解

了解文本的段落結(jié)構(gòu)也能幫助你更好地定位信息,。通常每個(gè)段落都有一個(gè)主題句,，主題句通常位于段落的開頭或結(jié)尾。通過識別主題句,，你可以快速判斷該段落是否與題目相關(guān),。??

練習(xí)示例

下面是一個(gè)練習(xí)示例：

“What are the effects of climate change on polar bears?”

在閱讀文本時(shí)，尋找“climate change”和“polar bears”的相關(guān)信息,?？赡軙霈F(xiàn)的同義詞包括 “global warming” 和 “Ursus maritimus”。

時(shí)間管理技巧

在考試中,，時(shí)間管理至關(guān)重要,。建議你先瀏覽所有問題，然后標(biāo)記出你認(rèn)為最容易找到答案的部分,。這樣可以節(jié)省時(shí)間,，讓你在難題上有更多的思考空間。?

保持專注

在閱讀過程中,，保持專注是非常重要的,。避免在閱讀時(shí)分心，可以選擇安靜的環(huán)境進(jìn)行練習(xí),。同時(shí),，定期休息也是提高注意力的有效方法。???♂?

總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)

通過以上技巧的應(yīng)用,，我相信你會在雅思A類閱讀中取得更好的成績,。記住，練習(xí)是關(guān)鍵,，多做模擬題,，逐步提高你的定位能力。加油,！??

Understanding IELTS Reading: The Importance of Keywords

As an IELTS candidate, mastering the reading section is crucial for achieving a high score. One effective strategy is to focus on keywords during your preparation and practice. In this article, we will explore how to identify and utilize keywords effectively in IELTS reading exercises. ??

What are Keywords?

Keywords are significant words or phrases that carry the main idea of a sentence or passage. They help you locate information quickly in the text. For instance, if you see the word “climate change” in a question, you should look for this phrase or its synonyms in the passage.

Why Are Keywords Important?

Using keywords can save you time and enhance your comprehension. When you scan the text for keywords, you can efficiently find the relevant sections that answer the questions. This technique is especially useful in the IELTS reading section, where time management is essential. ?

Practicing with Sample Questions

Let’s look at a sample exercise to illustrate how to apply this technique:

Sample Question: What are the effects of climate change on polar bears?

Passage Excerpt: "Climate change has led to the melting of ice caps, which significantly impacts the habitat of polar bears, making it difficult for them to hunt and survive."

In this example, the keywords are “climate change” and “polar bears”. By focusing on these terms, you can quickly identify the relevant information in the passage.

Common Types of Keywords

There are several types of keywords to watch for:

• Proper nouns: Names of people, places, or organizations (e.g., Einstein, London, UNESCO)
• Technical terms: Specific terminology related to a subject (e.g., photosynthesis, biodiversity)
• Synonyms: Different words with similar meanings (e.g., increase and rise)
• Antonyms: Words with opposite meanings, which can also be important (e.g., decrease and decline)

Tips for Identifying Keywords

Here are some practical tips for identifying keywords:

1. Read the questions first: Before diving into the passage, read the questions to know what to look for.
2. Highlight keywords: Use a highlighter or underline important words in the questions.
3. Look for variations: Be aware of synonyms and paraphrased ideas in the text.
4. Practice regularly: The more you practice, the better you will become at spotting keywords quickly.

New Practice Questions

To further enhance your skills, here are some new practice questions:

Question 1: How does urbanization affect local wildlife?

Question 2: What measures can be taken to reduce plastic pollution?

When attempting these questions, remember to identify the keywords and search for them in the provided reading materials.

Final Thoughts on Keyword Practice

Incorporating keyword strategies into your IELTS reading preparation can significantly improve your performance. By practicing with various texts and questions, you will develop a sharper eye for identifying important information. ?? Remember to stay calm and focused during the exam, and trust your preparation. Good luck! ??