在托福寫作中，掌握政治類相關(guān)詞匯是提升得分的重要因素之一,。以下是一些高頻詞匯及其應(yīng)用,，希望能幫助考生在寫作中更加得心應(yīng)手。

廢除(法律,、制度等) vt. abolish

實施 vt. implement

使……合法化 vt. legalize

首要任務(wù) n. priority

建立 vt. establish

減輕,、緩解 vt. alleviate = ease = relieve

當(dāng)局 n. the authorities

禁止 vt. forbid/ prohibit

立法 n. legislation

稅收 n. tax revenue

民主的 adj. democratic

優(yōu)化資源分配 v. optimize the distribution of resources

解決 vt. combat = tackle = resolve = address = grapple with

嚴(yán)厲的，嚴(yán)格的 adj. stringent

短視的 adj. short-sighted

支出 n. expenditure

社會保險 n. social security

老百姓 n. citizens/ the citizenry

規(guī)范,，管理 v. regulate/ monitor/ oversee

嚴(yán)禁 adv. strictly prohibit/ ban altogether

嚴(yán)格的法律 n. stringent laws/ legislation

強(qiáng)制性的 adj. mandatory/ compulsory

監(jiān)督 n. scrutiny

監(jiān)督 v. scrutinize/ monitor

為……撥款 v. allocate money to sth./ be a patron of/ invest in/ fund/ dedicate money to sth.

預(yù)算 n. budget

政府開支 n. the government spending/ expenditure on sth.

削減 v. curtail

增加 v. augment

當(dāng)務(wù)之急 n. priority

把……當(dāng)作當(dāng)務(wù)之急 v. give priority to sth.

責(zé)任 n. duty/ responsibility/ obligation

軍備競賽 n. arms race

自衛(wèi) n. self-defense

國土安全 n. national security/ homeland security

缺乏遠(yuǎn)見的政策 n. short-sighted policy

擴(kuò)張 n. expansion/ aggression

謀求霸權(quán) v. seek/ pursue hegemony

惡性循環(huán) n. a vicious circle

地區(qū)不穩(wěn)定因素 n. destabilizing factors

規(guī)章制度 n. rules and regulations

太空競賽 n. space race

武器 n. arms/ weapons/ armaments

下崗工人 n. laid-off workers/ downsized workers

失業(yè) n. unemployment/ joblessness

公共交通系統(tǒng) n. public transportation/ transit system

電網(wǎng) n. power grid

石油天然氣管線 n. pipelines

給排水系統(tǒng) n. water supply and drainage system

民主與開明的政府 n. a democratic and progressive government

臨時的應(yīng)急措施 n. a stopgap measure

以上就是托福寫作中常見的政治類高頻詞匯,，希望考生們能通過這些詞匯的學(xué)習(xí)，提升自己的寫作能力,，獲得理想的成績,。

As TOEFL test-takers, mastering political vocabulary can significantly enhance your writing skills, especially for the Integrated Writing and Independent Writing sections. Here’s a guide to help you effectively incorporate political terminology into your essays. ??

Understanding Political Vocabulary

Political vocabulary encompasses terms related to governance, policy-making, and social issues. Familiarity with these words can help articulate your arguments more clearly and persuasively. Here are some key terms you should know:

• Legislation - Laws or legal provisions enacted by a governing body.
• Policy - A course or principle of action adopted by an organization or individual.
• Democracy - A system of government in which power is vested in the people, who rule either directly or through freely elected representatives.
• Corruption - The abuse of entrusted power for private gain.
• Electoral - Relating to elections or the process of voting.

Example Essay Prompt

Consider the following prompt: “Do you agree or disagree with the statement that the government should prioritize environmental protection over economic growth?” This topic invites you to explore the intersection of politics and environmental issues. ??

Structuring Your Essay

A well-structured essay typically includes an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. Here’s a suggested outline:

• Introduction: Introduce the topic and state your position. For example, “In today’s world, the debate between environmental protection and economic growth has become increasingly relevant. I believe that prioritizing environmental protection is essential for sustainable development.”
• Body Paragraph 1: Discuss the importance of environmental protection. Use terms like “l(fā)egislation” and “policy” to emphasize how governmental actions can impact the environment.
• Body Paragraph 2: Address potential counterarguments related to economic growth. Acknowledge the necessity of economic stability while arguing that long-term sustainability should not be compromised.
• Body Paragraph 3: Provide examples of successful policies that balance both concerns. Mention countries that have implemented effective environmental legislation without sacrificing economic progress.
• Conclusion: Summarize your main points and restate your position, reinforcing the idea that a healthy environment is vital for future generations.

Useful Phrases for Political Essays

Incorporating specific phrases can enhance your writing. Consider using:

• “It is imperative that…”
• “The evidence suggests that…”
• “In light of recent developments…”
• “This raises important questions about…”
• “A comprehensive approach is needed to…”

Practice Makes Perfect

To excel in the TOEFL writing section, practice is crucial. Here are some tips:

• Read articles from reputable news sources to familiarize yourself with current political issues and vocabulary.
• Write essays on various political topics, ensuring you incorporate the vocabulary you've learned.
• Seek feedback from peers or instructors to improve your writing style and argumentation.

Sample Vocabulary in Context

Here’s a short example demonstrating how to use political vocabulary in context:

“The recent legislation aimed at reducing carbon emissions has sparked a heated debate among policymakers. While some argue that such policies hinder economic growth, others believe that investing in renewable energy creates jobs and fosters innovation. This tension between economic interests and environmental responsibilities highlights the complexities of modern governance.” ??

By integrating these political terms and concepts into your writing, you will not only enhance your vocabulary but also develop a more nuanced understanding of the issues at hand. Good luck with your TOEFL preparation! ??

作為托福考生,，掌握高頻詞匯是提高考試成績的關(guān)鍵之一,。以下是一些常見的高頻詞匯及其用法，幫助你在聽,、說,、讀、寫各個部分更自信地應(yīng)對考試,。??

1. 高頻詞匯列表

• Analyze: v. to examine in detail
• Significant: adj. important and deserving of attention
• Establish: v. to set up or lay the groundwork for
• Maintain: v. to keep in an existing state
• Consequently: adv. as a result

2. 高頻詞匯在寫作中的應(yīng)用

在托福寫作中,，使用高頻詞匯可以增強(qiáng)你的論點。比如,，在討論環(huán)境問題時,，可以使用“significant”來強(qiáng)調(diào)某個現(xiàn)象的重要性。下面是一個示例句子：

“The significant increase in global temperatures has raised concerns about climate change.” ??

3. 高頻詞匯在口語中的應(yīng)用

口語部分同樣需要靈活運用這些詞匯,。你可以在回答問題時加入這些詞匯,，使表達(dá)更加自然。例如,，當(dāng)被問到某個事件的影響時,，可以這樣回答：

“The event established a new standard for community engagement.” ??

4. 高頻詞匯在閱讀和聽力中的識別

在閱讀和聽力部分,，識別高頻詞匯能夠幫助你快速理解文章或?qū)υ挼闹髦肌１热?，“analyze”可能出現(xiàn)在學(xué)術(shù)文章中,，提示你需要對信息進(jìn)行深入思考。

“The study aims to analyze the effects of social media on youth culture.” ??

5. 練習(xí)與記憶技巧

為了有效記憶這些高頻詞匯,，建議采用以下方法：

• 制作單詞卡片,，將單詞和定義寫在卡片上，隨時復(fù)習(xí),。
• 通過閱讀不同類型的文章來加深對詞匯的理解,。
• 嘗試將新學(xué)的單詞融入到日常對話中。

6. 預(yù)測題目與話題

在準(zhǔn)備托?？荚嚂r,，了解常見的題目和話題也很重要。以下是一些可能出現(xiàn)的題目：

“Discuss the impact of technology on education.”

“What are the benefits of participating in community service?”

7. 參考答案示例

對于上述題目,，你可以參考以下答案結(jié)構(gòu)：

“Technology has significantly transformed education by providing access to online resources and enabling interactive learning experiences.”

8. 總結(jié)

通過掌握托福高頻詞匯,，結(jié)合實際應(yīng)用和練習(xí)，你將能夠在考試中取得更好的成績,。祝你備考順利,！??

對于托福考生來說,，寫作部分是一個重要的評分環(huán)節(jié),。掌握一些熱點話題，有助于在考試中取得更好的成績,。以下是一些常見的托福寫作熱點話題,，以及一些寫作技巧和范文示例，希望能對你的備考有所幫助,。??

1. 教育

Topic: Do you agree or disagree that students should be required to take courses in the arts? Why or why not?

Sample Answer: In today’s competitive world, education plays a crucial role in shaping an individual’s future. I believe that students should be required to take courses in the arts because it fosters creativity and enhances critical thinking skills. Arts education allows students to express themselves, encourages collaboration, and develops their ability to appreciate diverse perspectives. ??

2. 科技

Topic: Is technology making our lives more complicated? Why or why not?

Sample Answer: While technology has undoubtedly simplified many aspects of our lives, it has also introduced complexity. For instance, the constant need to update software and manage multiple devices can be overwhelming. However, I argue that the benefits of technology, such as improved communication and access to information, outweigh these complications. ??

3. 環(huán)境

Topic: Should governments invest more in renewable energy sources? Why or why not?

Sample Answer: Yes, governments should prioritize investment in renewable energy sources. As climate change continues to pose a significant threat to our planet, transitioning to sustainable energy is essential for reducing carbon emissions. Furthermore, investing in renewable energy can create jobs and stimulate economic growth while protecting the environment. ??

4. 健康

Topic: Do you think that physical education classes should be mandatory in schools? Why or why not?

Sample Answer: I strongly believe that physical education classes should be mandatory in schools. Regular physical activity is vital for maintaining a healthy lifestyle and combating obesity. Additionally, these classes teach teamwork and discipline, which are valuable life skills. ???♂?

5. 社會問題

Topic: Is it better to live in a big city than in a small town? Why or why not?

Sample Answer: Living in a big city offers numerous opportunities for career advancement, cultural experiences, and social interactions. However, small towns provide a sense of community and lower living costs. Personally, I prefer the vibrancy and diversity of city life, despite its challenges. ???

寫作技巧

在準(zhǔn)備托福寫作時,，可以考慮以下幾點技巧：

• Plan your essay: Spend a few minutes outlining your ideas before you start writing. This will help ensure a clear structure. ??
• Use varied vocabulary: Employ a range of vocabulary to express your ideas more effectively. Avoid repetition. ??
• Practice time management: Allocate your time wisely during the exam. Aim to finish your essay with a few minutes left for proofreading. ?
• Read sample essays: Familiarize yourself with high-scoring sample essays to understand what examiners look for. ??
• Seek feedback: Share your essays with teachers or peers to receive constructive criticism and improve your writing skills. ???

預(yù)測與新題

根據(jù)最近的考試趨勢，以下是一些可能出現(xiàn)的新題目：

• Should students be allowed to use technology in the classroom? Why or why not?
• Is it important for children to learn about global issues? Why or why not?
• Do you believe that volunteering is important for personal development? Why or why not?

希望這些信息能幫助你在托福寫作中取得好成績,！祝你好運,！??