在托福寫作中，掌握熱點(diǎn)話題的背景詞匯尤為重要,，尤其是政治類高頻詞匯,。以下是一些常用的政治類詞匯整理,，幫助考生提升寫作水平和得分。

廢除(法律,、制度等) vt. abolish

實(shí)施 vt. implement

使……合法化 vt. legalize

首要任務(wù) n. priority

建立 vt. establish

減輕,、緩解 vt. alleviate = ease = relieve

當(dāng)局 n. the authorities

禁止 vt. forbid/ prohibit

立法 n. legislation

稅收 n. tax revenue

民主的 adj. democratic

優(yōu)化資源分配 vt. optimize the distribution of resources

解決 vt. combat = tackle = resolve = address = grapple with

嚴(yán)厲的，嚴(yán)格的 adj. stringent

短視的 adj. short-sighted

支出,，花費(fèi) n. expenditure

社會保險 n. social security

老百姓 n. citizens/ the citizenry

規(guī)范,，管理 v. regulate/ monitor/ oversee

嚴(yán)禁 v. strictly prohibit/ ban altogether

嚴(yán)格的法律 n. stringent laws/ legislation

強(qiáng)制性的 adj. mandatory/ compulsory

監(jiān)督 n. scrutiny

監(jiān)督 v. scrutinize/ monitor

為……撥款 vt. allocate money to sth./ be a patron of/ invest in/ fund/ dedicate money to sth.

預(yù)算 n. budget

政府開支 n. the government spending/ expenditure on sth.

削減 v. curtail

增加 v. augment

當(dāng)務(wù)之急 n. priority

把……當(dāng)作當(dāng)務(wù)之急 vt. give priority to sth.

責(zé)任 n. duty/ responsibility/ obligation

軍備競賽 n. arms race

自衛(wèi) n. self-defense

國土安全 n. national security/ homeland security

缺乏遠(yuǎn)見的政策 adj. short-sighted policy

擴(kuò)張 n. expansion/ aggression

謀求霸權(quán) vt. seek/ pursue hegemony

惡性循環(huán) n. a vicious circle

地區(qū)不穩(wěn)定因素 n. destabilizing factors

規(guī)章制度 n. rules and regulations

太空競賽 n. space race

武器 n. arms/ weapons/ armaments

下崗工人 n. laid-off workers/ downsized workers

失業(yè) n. unemployment/ joblessness

公共交通系統(tǒng) n. public transportation/ transit system

電網(wǎng) n. power grid

石油天然氣管線 n. pipelines

給排水系統(tǒng) n. water supply and drainage system

民主與開明的政府 n. a democratic and progressive government

以上是托福寫作中政治類高頻詞匯的匯總，希望這些詞匯能夠幫助考生在寫作時更好地表達(dá)觀點(diǎn),，提高寫作成績,。

Preparing for the TOEFL writing section can be daunting, especially when it comes to political topics. Understanding key vocabulary is essential for expressing your ideas clearly and effectively. In this article, we will explore some important political vocabulary that can enhance your writing skills. ??

1. Political Vocabulary Overview

Political essays often require specific terminology that conveys your arguments persuasively. Here are some essential words and phrases you should know:

• Government: The organization through which authority is exercised.
• Policy: A course of action adopted and pursued by a government or individual.
• Legislation: Laws enacted by a governing body.
• Democracy: A system of government by the whole population, typically through elected representatives.
• Corruption: Dishonest or fraudulent conduct by those in power, often involving bribery.
• Civic engagement: Participation in activities that promote community well-being and influence decision-making.
• Electoral process: The method by which voters select their representatives.
• Advocacy: Public support for a particular cause or policy.

2. Sample Essay Prompt

When preparing for the TOEFL, you might encounter prompts like:

“Do you agree or disagree with the statement: Governments should prioritize environmental issues over economic growth? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.”

3. Structuring Your Essay

To effectively respond to this prompt, consider the following structure:

• Introduction: Present your thesis statement clearly. For example, “While economic growth is important, I believe that governments should prioritize environmental issues due to their long-term impact on society.”
• Body Paragraphs: Develop your argument with supporting details.

• First Body Paragraph: Discuss the importance of environmental sustainability. Use terms like “policy” and “advocacy” to illustrate how governments can implement effective measures.
• Second Body Paragraph: Address potential counterarguments regarding economic growth, and explain why prioritizing the environment can lead to sustainable economic benefits.

• Conclusion: Summarize your main points and reinforce your thesis.

4. Useful Phrases for Writing

Incorporating varied vocabulary can enrich your essay. Here are some phrases to consider:

• On one hand… On the other hand…: This phrase helps to present contrasting viewpoints.
• It is essential to recognize that…: Use this to introduce important points.
• In conclusion…: A good way to signal the end of your essay.
• Research indicates that…: This phrase lends credibility to your arguments.

5. Practice Makes Perfect

To become comfortable with political vocabulary, practice writing essays on various topics. Here are some new prompts to try:

• “Should voting be mandatory in democratic societies?”
• “Is social media a positive or negative influence on political discourse?”
• “How does globalization affect national sovereignty?”

6. Listening and Reading Practice

Enhancing your listening and reading skills is also crucial. Try to engage with political podcasts, news articles, and debates. This exposure will help you understand the context in which political vocabulary is used and improve your overall comprehension.

7. Final Thoughts

Mastering political vocabulary is a valuable asset for the TOEFL writing section. By understanding and applying these terms, you will be better equipped to articulate your ideas clearly. Remember, consistent practice and exposure to diverse political discussions will significantly enhance your writing skills. Good luck! ??

Preparing for the TOEFL exam can be a daunting task, especially when it comes to mastering the high-frequency vocabulary related to various topics. In this article, we will explore some essential background vocabulary that can significantly boost your performance in both the speaking and writing sections of the test. ??

1. Education ??

Education is a common topic in the TOEFL exam. Familiarizing yourself with relevant vocabulary can help you articulate your thoughts clearly. Here are some key terms:

• Curriculum: The subjects comprising a course of study in a school or college.
• Pedagogy: The method and practice of teaching.
• Assessment: The evaluation of students' understanding and skills.
• Scholarship: Academic study or achievement; learning at a high level.

Sample Question:

"Discuss the importance of a well-rounded curriculum in education. Provide specific examples to support your answer."

2. Environment ??

The environment is another prevalent theme in TOEFL discussions. Understanding the terminology related to ecological issues can enhance your responses:

• Sustainability: The ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level, especially regarding environmental balance.
• Biodiversity: The variety of plant and animal life in a particular habitat.
• Pollution: The presence of harmful substances in the environment.
• Conservation: The act of preserving, protecting, or restoring the natural environment.

Sample Question:

"What measures can individuals take to promote environmental sustainability? Use specific examples in your response."

3. Technology ??

Technology-related topics frequently appear in the TOEFL exam. Here are some essential vocabulary words:

• Innovation: The introduction of new ideas, products, or methods.
• Digital literacy: The ability to effectively use digital technology, communication tools, and networks.
• Automation: The use of technology to perform tasks without human intervention.
• Cybersecurity: The practice of protecting systems, networks, and programs from digital attacks.

Sample Question:

"How has technology changed the way we communicate? Provide specific examples to illustrate your points."

4. Health ??

Health-related topics are also significant in the TOEFL exam. Here are some critical terms to know:

• Wellness: The state of being in good health, especially as an actively pursued goal.
• Nutrition: The process of providing or obtaining the food necessary for health and growth.
• Healthcare: The organized provision of medical care to individuals or a community.
• Prevention: The action of stopping something from happening or arising.

Sample Question:

"Discuss the role of nutrition in maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Use examples to support your argument."

5. Culture ??

Cultural topics are often featured in the TOEFL exam. Knowing the following vocabulary can be beneficial:

• Heritage: Property that is or may be inherited; a special characteristic of a place or culture.
• Diversity: The state of being diverse; variety.
• Tradition: The transmission of customs or beliefs from generation to generation.
• Globalization: The process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence.

Sample Question:

"How does globalization affect local cultures? Provide specific examples to illustrate your points."

By incorporating these high-frequency vocabulary words into your study routine, you can enhance your ability to express complex ideas clearly and effectively. Practice using these terms in your writing and speaking exercises to become more comfortable and confident on test day. Good luck! ??

對于許多托?？忌鷣碚f,，寫作部分常常是一個挑戰(zhàn)。為了幫助大家更好地準(zhǔn)備托福寫作,，我們整理了一些熱點(diǎn)話題和相關(guān)的寫作技巧,，希望能對你們有所幫助！??

1. 生活方式

Topic: Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? “It is better to live in a big city than in a small town.”

Sample Answer: In my opinion, living in a big city has more advantages than living in a small town. First, big cities offer more job opportunities due to the concentration of businesses. Second, they provide a wider range of entertainment options, such as theaters, concerts, and restaurants. Finally, big cities are often more culturally diverse, allowing residents to experience different traditions and cuisines. ??

2. 教育

Topic: Some people think that the best way to increase student performance is to increase the number of tests. Others believe that there are better ways to improve student learning. Discuss both views and give your opinion.

Sample Answer: While some argue that increasing the number of tests can motivate students to study harder, I believe that other methods may be more effective. For instance, providing personalized feedback can help students understand their weaknesses and improve accordingly. Additionally, fostering a supportive learning environment encourages collaboration and creativity. ??

3. 科技

Topic: Is technology making our lives easier or more complicated?

Sample Answer: Technology has undoubtedly made our lives easier in many ways. For example, online shopping saves time and offers convenience. However, it can also complicate our lives by creating distractions and overwhelming us with information. Striking a balance between utilizing technology and managing its impact is essential. ??

4. 環(huán)境

Topic: What do you think is the most pressing environmental issue today? Why?

Sample Answer: Climate change is the most pressing environmental issue we face today. It leads to extreme weather conditions, rising sea levels, and loss of biodiversity. Addressing this issue requires global cooperation and immediate action to reduce carbon emissions and promote sustainable practices. ??

5. 社會問題

Topic: Should the government provide free healthcare for all citizens? Why or why not?

Sample Answer: I believe that the government should provide free healthcare for all citizens. Access to healthcare is a basic human right, and ensuring that everyone can receive medical attention regardless of their financial situation is crucial for a healthy society. Moreover, preventive care can reduce long-term costs for the government. ??

寫作技巧

在準(zhǔn)備托福寫作時,，考生應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

• Plan Your Essay: Spend a few minutes outlining your ideas before you start writing. This will help you organize your thoughts clearly.
• Use Transitional Phrases: Phrases like “on the one hand,” “on the other hand,” and “in conclusion” can help guide the reader through your argument.
• Practice Regularly: Write essays on various topics to improve your writing skills and speed. Timing yourself can simulate exam conditions.
• Seek Feedback: Sharing your essays with teachers or peers can provide valuable insights into your strengths and areas for improvement.

預(yù)測話題

根據(jù)當(dāng)前趨勢,，以下是一些可能出現(xiàn)在托福寫作中的新話題：

• The impact of social media on communication
• The role of artificial intelligence in education
• Should college education be free for everyone?
• The effects of globalization on local cultures

希望這些熱點(diǎn)話題和寫作技巧能夠幫助你在托福寫作中取得好成績！加油,！??