托福閱讀高難度文章長難句實例解析：動物的作息活動規(guī)律

在備考托福時，閱讀理解部分常常會出現(xiàn)一些復(fù)雜的長難句,，這些句子可能會讓考生感到困惑,。通過對這些句子的分析，可以幫助考生更好地理解文章內(nèi)容,，提高閱讀能力,。以下是一個關(guān)于動物作息活動規(guī)律的長難句解析。

原句案例：

Normally, the constantly changing levels of an animal's activity (——sleeping, feeding, moving, reproducing, metabolizing, and producing enzymes and hormones, for example——) are well coordinated with environmental rhythms, but the key question is whether the animal's schedule is driven by external cues, such as sunrise or sunset, or is instead dependent somehow on internal timers (that themselves generate the observed biological rhythms).

詞匯講解：

• metabolize /m?'t?b?la?z/ v. 新陳代謝
• enzyme /'enza?m/ n. 酵素
• hormone /'h??m??n/ n. 荷爾蒙,，激素
• rhythm /'r?e(?)m/ n. 節(jié)奏;節(jié)律,，循環(huán)
• internal /?n't??n(?)l/ adj. 內(nèi)在的,，內(nèi)部的

結(jié)構(gòu)劃分：

句子主干部分為：
Normally, the constantly changing levels of an animal's activity are well coordinated with environmental rhythms, but the key question is whether the animal's schedule is driven by external cues, such as sunrise or sunset, or is instead dependent somehow on internal timers.

注意忽略細節(jié)，專注于句子的主干結(jié)構(gòu),。

深度分析：

這個句子可以分為兩個主要部分：

• A: is driven by external cues, such as sunrise or sunset
• B: is instead dependent somehow on internal timers

中文翻譯為：關(guān)鍵問題是,，動物的作息是否受外部信號（如日出或日落）的影響，或者相反,，是依賴于內(nèi)部計時器,。

修飾一：
(——sleeping, feeding, moving, reproducing, metabolizing, and producing enzymes and hormones, for example——) 這是一個破折號后面的解釋說明，列舉了動物活動的不同方面,。

中文翻譯為：例如,，睡覺、進食,、活動,、繁殖、新陳代謝以及產(chǎn)生酶和荷爾蒙,。

修飾二：
(that themselves generate the observed biological rhythms) 這個從句修飾internal timers,。

中文翻譯為：自身生成并遵循的生物節(jié)律。

參考翻譯：

一般來說,，動物活動水平的不斷變化——例如,，睡覺、進食,、活動,、繁殖、新陳代謝及產(chǎn)生酶和荷爾蒙——與環(huán)境節(jié)律相協(xié)調(diào),，但關(guān)鍵問題是動物的作息是否受到外部信號（如日出或日落）的驅(qū)動,，或者相反，是否依賴于內(nèi)部計時器（它們自身生成觀察到的生物節(jié)律）,。

通過這樣的分析,，考生能夠更清晰地理解托福閱讀中的長難句，從而提升自己的閱讀技巧和應(yīng)試能力,。希望以上內(nèi)容能幫助大家在托?？荚囍腥〉脙?yōu)異成績。

托福閱讀高難度文章長難句實例解析：動物的作息活動規(guī)律

對于托?？忌鷣碚f,，閱讀理解部分常常是一個挑戰(zhàn)。尤其是長難句的解析,，往往讓人感到困惑,。在這篇文章中，我們將分享一些有效的技巧來幫助你更好地理解托福閱讀中的長難句,。??

首先,，了解長難句的結(jié)構(gòu)是非常重要的,。

長難句通常包含多個從句、插入語以及復(fù)雜的修飾成分,。我們建議考生在讀句子時,，嘗試將句子拆分成更小的部分，這樣可以減少理解上的困難,。例如：

“The research conducted by scientists, which was published last year, reveals that climate change has significant impacts on marine life.”

在這個句子中,，可以將其拆分為幾個部分：

1. The research conducted by scientists

2. which was published last year

3. reveals that climate change has significant impacts on marine life.

通過這種方式，你可以逐步理解句子的意思,，而不是一下子被復(fù)雜的結(jié)構(gòu)所壓倒,。??

其次，識別關(guān)鍵的連接詞和過渡詞也是理解長難句的關(guān)鍵,。

例如，詞匯如“however”, “although”, “therefore”等可以幫助你理解句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系,。掌握這些詞的用法,，可以讓你在閱讀時更快速地抓住句子的主旨。

舉個例子：

“Although the theory was initially dismissed, subsequent evidence has led many scientists to reconsider it.”

在這里,，“Although”表明了對比關(guān)系,，而“subsequent evidence”則是句子的重點。理解這些連接詞能幫助你把握句子的整體意思,。??

再者,，注意句子中的修飾成分。

長難句中常常有許多修飾成分,，這些成分可能會分散你的注意力,。識別主語、謂語和賓語,，有助于你明確句子的核心信息,。比如：

“The novel, which was written in the early 20th century, explores the themes of identity and alienation.”

在這個句子中，主語是“The novel”,，而“which was written in the early 20th century”則是一個修飾成分,，提供了額外的信息。把注意力集中在主語和謂語上,，可以幫助你更快找到句子的主旨,。??

最后，多做練習(xí)是提高閱讀能力的最好方法,。

通過大量閱讀托福真題和模擬題,，你可以逐漸熟悉長難句的結(jié)構(gòu)和常見的表達方式。嘗試每周至少完成一篇長難句的分析,，并與其他考生討論你的理解,，這樣能夠互相學(xué)習(xí),，共同進步。??

希望這些技巧能幫助你在托福閱讀中更自信地應(yīng)對長難句的挑戰(zhàn),！祝你備考順利,！??

Understanding Animal Activity Patterns for TOEFL Preparation

As a TOEFL test-taker, understanding various topics can significantly enhance your reading comprehension skills. One interesting topic is the activity patterns of animals. This subject not only provides insights into animal behavior but also enriches your vocabulary and comprehension abilities. ??

Key Concepts in Animal Activity Patterns

Animal activity patterns can be categorized into different types based on their behaviors. Here are some essential terms you should know:

• Circadian Rhythms: These are physical, mental, and behavioral changes that follow a daily cycle. Most animals exhibit these rhythms, which influence their sleep-wake cycles. ??
• Nocturnal Animals: These animals are active during the night and rest during the day. Examples include owls and bats. ??
• Diurnal Animals: Unlike nocturnal animals, diurnal animals are active during the day. Common examples are humans and most birds. ??
• Crepuscular Animals: These animals are most active during dawn and dusk. Examples include deer and rabbits. ??

Why Study Animal Activity Patterns?

Understanding these patterns can help you in multiple ways during the TOEFL exam:

• Enhanced Vocabulary: Familiarity with terms related to animal behavior can improve your lexical resource, which is crucial for both reading and writing sections.
• Improved Comprehension: Many reading passages may include discussions about animal behavior, making it easier for you to grasp the main ideas and details.
• Critical Thinking: Analyzing how and why animals behave in certain ways can develop your analytical skills, beneficial for the integrated tasks in the TOEFL.

Sample Reading Passage

Consider the following passage as a practice exercise:

Reading Text: "Many species have adapted their activity patterns to optimize survival. Nocturnal animals, such as the owl, have developed keen senses to hunt in low light conditions. In contrast, diurnal creatures like the eagle rely on daylight to spot prey from high altitudes." ??

Practice Questions

After reading the passage, answer the following questions:

• Question 1: What adaptations do nocturnal animals have? (Answer in complete sentences.)
• Question 2: How do diurnal animals find food? (Choose the correct answer: a) By using their sense of smell b) By hunting at night c) By relying on daylight)

Vocabulary Building

Here are some useful words related to animal activity patterns:

• Adaptation: A change or adjustment in behavior or structure that helps an organism survive.
• Predator: An animal that hunts and eats other animals.
• Prey: An animal that is hunted and eaten by predators.

Listening Practice

Listening skills are equally important for the TOEFL. Here’s a sample listening text:

Listening Text: "Many animals have evolved to be active at specific times of the day. For instance, the tiger, a crepuscular predator, uses the dim light of dawn and dusk to its advantage when stalking prey." ??

New Topics and Predictions

In future TOEFL exams, you might encounter new topics related to animal behavior, such as:

• The impact of climate change on animal activity patterns.
• How urbanization affects wildlife behaviors.
• The role of technology in studying animal habits.

By familiarizing yourself with these concepts, you will not only prepare for potential questions on the TOEFL but also gain a deeper appreciation for the natural world around you. Happy studying! ??

托福考試中的閱讀部分常常讓考生感到壓力,，尤其是當(dāng)遇到高難度的文章時,。為了幫助大家更好地應(yīng)對這一挑戰(zhàn)，以下是一些實用的技巧和經(jīng)驗分享,，希望能為你的備考之路提供幫助,。??

1. 理解文章結(jié)構(gòu)

在閱讀高難度文章時，首先要了解文章的整體結(jié)構(gòu),。一般來說,，學(xué)術(shù)類文章通常包括引言、主體和結(jié)論,。掌握文章的基本框架可以幫助你快速定位信息,。

Tip: 在閱讀前，快速瀏覽標(biāo)題,、段落首句和結(jié)尾句,，獲取文章的主題和主要觀點。

2. 擴展詞匯量

托福閱讀中常常出現(xiàn)一些學(xué)術(shù)性較強的詞匯,。擴展詞匯量不僅能提高理解能力,，還能幫助你在做題時更快找到答案。

Example: 如果你在閱讀中遇到單詞“contemplate”,，而不清楚其意思,，可以通過上下文推測出其大致含義。

3. 精讀與略讀結(jié)合

面對高難度的文章,，精讀與略讀的結(jié)合非常重要,。在初次閱讀時，可以選擇略讀,，快速抓住文章的主旨和大意,；在做題時，再進行精讀,，確保理解每個細節(jié),。

Practice: 選擇一篇高難度的文章，先進行略讀,，記錄下你認為重要的信息,，然后再進行精讀。

4. 練習(xí)做題技巧

托福閱讀題型多樣,，包括主旨題,、細節(jié)題,、推理題等。熟悉不同題型的解題技巧,，可以提高做題效率,。

Sample Question: What is the main idea of the passage?

Answer Choices: A) The importance of biodiversity. B) The impact of climate change on ecosystems. C) Strategies for sustainable development. D) The role of technology in conservation.

在解答此類問題時，注意尋找關(guān)鍵詞和同義替換,，幫助你快速鎖定正確答案,。

5. 時間管理

托福閱讀部分時間有限，因此合理安排時間至關(guān)重要,。建議在每篇文章上花費約18分鐘,，這樣可以留出時間檢查答案。

Strategy: 在練習(xí)時使用計時器,，模擬真實考試環(huán)境,，提高時間管理能力。

6. 多做模擬題

通過做模擬題,，你可以熟悉托福閱讀的題型和難度,，并提高解題速度?？梢詮墓俜浇滩幕蛟诰€資源中找到大量模擬題。

Forecast: 在接下來的考試中,，可能會出現(xiàn)涉及環(huán)境科學(xué),、心理學(xué)或社會學(xué)的高難度文章，提前做好準(zhǔn)備,。

7. 討論與交流

與同伴討論閱讀材料可以幫助你更好地理解復(fù)雜概念和觀點,。在小組學(xué)習(xí)中，分享各自的見解和解題思路,，有助于深化理解,。

Discussion Topic: How does climate change affect marine life? ??

希望這些技巧能幫助你在托福閱讀部分取得更好的成績！堅持練習(xí),，逐步提升,，相信你一定能克服高難度文章的挑戰(zhàn)！??