托福獨立寫作分類詞匯——政治類是備考托福的考生必備的工具,，掌握相關(guān)的詞匯能夠幫助考生在寫作中更準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)觀點和論證,。以下是政治類詞匯的詳細(xì)整理，供考生參考,。

Political Vocabulary for TOEFL Independent Writing

1. Abolish - vt. 廢除 (法律,、制度等)

2. Implement - vt. 實施

3. Legalize - vt. 使……合法化

4. Priority - n. 首要任務(wù)

5. Establish - vt. 建立

6. Alleviate - vt. 減輕,、緩解 = ease = relieve

7. The authorities - 當(dāng)局

8. Forbid/ Prohibit - vt. 禁止

9. Legislation - n. 立法

10. Tax revenue - 稅收

11. Democratic - adj. 民主的

12. Efficient - adj. 高效率的

13. Optimize the distribution of resources - 優(yōu)化資源分配

14. Stability - n. 穩(wěn)定

15. Combat/ Tackle/ Resolve/ Address/ Grapple with - vt. 解決

16. Stringent - adj. 嚴(yán)厲的,，嚴(yán)格的

17. Short-sighted - adj. 短視的

18. Expenditure - n. 支出，花費

19. Social security - 社會保險

20. Citizens/ The citizenry - 老百姓

21. Regulate/ Monitor/ Oversee - v. 規(guī)范,，管理

22. Strictly prohibit/ Ban altogether - 嚴(yán)禁

23. Stringent laws/ Legislation - 嚴(yán)格的法律

24. Mandatory/ Compulsory - adj. 強(qiáng)制性的

25. Scrutiny - n. 監(jiān)督

26. Scrutinize/ Monitor - v. 監(jiān)督

27. Allocate money to sth./ Be a patron of/ Invest in/ Fund/ Dedicate money to sth. - 為……撥款

28. Budget - n. 預(yù)算

29. The government spending/ Expenditure on sth. - 政府開支

30. Curtail - v. 削減

31. Augment - v. 增加

32. Priority - n. 當(dāng)務(wù)之急

33. Give priority to sth. - 把……當(dāng)作當(dāng)務(wù)之急

34. Duty/ Responsibility/ Obligation - n. 責(zé)任

35. Arms race - n. 軍備競賽

36. Self-defense - n. 自衛(wèi)

37. National security/ Homeland security - 國土安全

38. Short-sighted policy - 缺乏遠(yuǎn)見的政策

39. Expansion/ Aggression - n. 擴(kuò)張

40. Seek/ Pursue hegemony - 謀求霸權(quán)

41. A vicious circle - n. 惡性循環(huán)

42. Destabilizing factors - n. 地區(qū)不穩(wěn)定因素

43. Rules and regulations - n. 規(guī)章制度

44. Space race - n. 太空競賽

45. Arms/ Weapons/ Armaments - n. 武器

46. Laid-off workers/ Downsized workers - n. 下崗工人

47. Unemployment/ Joblessness - n. 失業(yè)

48. Infrastructure - n. 基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施

49. Public transportation/ Transit system - n. 公共交通系統(tǒng)

50. Power grid - n. 電網(wǎng)

51. Pipelines - n. 石油天然氣管線

52. Water supply and drainage system - n. 給排水系統(tǒng)

53. A democratic and progressive government - n. 民主與開明的政府

54. A stopgap measure - n. 臨時的應(yīng)急措施

掌握這些政治類詞匯將極大提升你在托福寫作中的表達(dá)能力，幫助你更清晰地傳達(dá)思想和論證觀點,。希望考生們能在備考中靈活運用這些詞匯,，取得理想的成績！

As a TOEFL test taker, mastering vocabulary is crucial for achieving a high score, especially in the writing section. Political topics often appear in TOEFL essays, so it’s beneficial to familiarize yourself with relevant vocabulary. In this article, we will explore some essential political vocabulary, provide useful tips, and share sample prompts to help you prepare effectively. ??

Key Political Vocabulary

Understanding political terminology can significantly enhance your essay's clarity and sophistication. Here are some important words and phrases you should consider:

• Legislation: Laws enacted by a government.
• Policy: A course of action adopted and pursued by a government or organization.
• Diplomacy: The art of managing international relations.
• Electoral: Related to elections or voting.
• Advocacy: Support for a particular cause or policy.
• Constituents: Individuals represented by an elected official.
• Partisan: Strongly supporting a specific political party.
• Reform: Changes made to improve a system or policy.
• Corruption: Dishonest or fraudulent conduct by those in power.
• Accountability: The obligation of an individual or organization to explain their actions.

Tips for Using Political Vocabulary

To effectively utilize political vocabulary in your writing, consider the following tips:

• Context Matters: Always use political terms in the appropriate context to convey your message clearly. For example, discussing "legislation" requires an understanding of its implications on society.
• Practice Makes Perfect: Regularly practice writing essays on political topics. This will help you become comfortable using the vocabulary in context.
• Read Widely: Engage with articles, opinion pieces, and essays on political issues. This exposure will not only expand your vocabulary but also improve your understanding of various viewpoints. ??
• Seek Feedback: Share your writings with peers or instructors who can provide constructive feedback on your vocabulary usage and overall clarity.

Sample Prompts

Here are some sample TOEFL writing prompts related to political themes:

• Prompt 1: “Do you agree or disagree that citizens should have the right to protest against government policies? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.”
• Prompt 2: “Some people believe that government funding for the arts is unnecessary. To what extent do you agree or disagree?”
• Prompt 3: “Discuss the impact of social media on political engagement among young voters.”

Sample Answer Structure

When responding to a political prompt, consider structuring your essay as follows:

1. Introduction: Introduce the topic and state your position clearly.
2. Body Paragraph 1: Present your first reason, supported by examples and evidence.
3. Body Paragraph 2: Discuss your second reason, again providing specific examples.
4. Body Paragraph 3: Address a counterargument and refute it effectively.
5. Conclusion: Summarize your main points and restate your position.

New Topics and Predictions

As you prepare for the TOEFL, be aware of emerging political topics that may be relevant:

• Climate Change Policies: Discuss the role of government in addressing environmental issues.
• Healthcare Reform: Explore the debate surrounding healthcare systems and access.
• International Relations: Analyze the effects of globalization on national sovereignty.

By incorporating these strategies and vocabulary into your writing practice, you will enhance your ability to articulate your thoughts on political issues clearly and persuasively. Good luck with your TOEFL preparation! ??

TOEFL Independent Writing: Political Topics

As a TOEFL test taker, you might encounter various topics in the independent writing section. One of the most common themes is politics. In this article, I will share some strategies and tips to help you tackle political topics effectively. ??

Understanding the Prompt

Before you start writing, it's crucial to analyze the prompt. For example, a typical question might be:

"Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Governments should prioritize environmental protection over economic growth."

Take a moment to reflect on your position. Do you agree or disagree? This step is essential as it will guide your argument structure.

Structuring Your Essay

A well-structured essay typically includes an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. Here’s a simple outline you can follow:

• Introduction: State your opinion clearly. ???
• Body Paragraph 1: Present your first supporting argument. Use examples to illustrate your point. ??
• Body Paragraph 2: Provide a second supporting argument. Again, examples are key. ??
• Body Paragraph 3: Address a counterargument. This shows depth in your understanding. ??
• Conclusion: Restate your opinion and summarize your main points.

Using Examples

When discussing political issues, examples are vital. You can draw from current events, historical facts, or personal experiences. For instance:

"In recent years, countries like Sweden have demonstrated that prioritizing environmental policies can lead to sustainable economic growth." ??

This not only strengthens your argument but also makes your essay more relatable and convincing.

Vocabulary and Phrases

Using varied vocabulary can enhance your writing score. Here are some useful terms related to politics:

• Legislation: Laws made by a government.
• Policy: A course of action adopted by a government.
• Civic engagement: Participation in activities that address public concerns.
• Accountability: The responsibility of government officials to report on their actions.

Incorporating these terms appropriately can demonstrate your language proficiency. ??

Practice Makes Perfect

To excel in writing about political topics, practice is essential. Try writing essays on various prompts. Here are some new topics you can use for practice:

• "Should voting be mandatory?" ???
• "Is social media a positive influence on politics?" ??
• "Do you believe that politicians should be held to higher ethical standards?" ??

Time Management

During the TOEFL exam, time management is critical. Allocate your time wisely:

• Planning: Spend about 5 minutes outlining your ideas.
• Writing: Dedicate around 20 minutes to write your essay.
• Revising: Use the last 5 minutes to review your work for any grammatical errors or unclear sentences.

Final Thoughts

Writing about political topics in the TOEFL independent section can be challenging, but with the right approach, you can express your ideas clearly and effectively. Remember to stay calm, organize your thoughts, and practice regularly. Good luck! ??

對于準(zhǔn)備托?？荚嚨目忌鷣碚f,，掌握一些政治類作文的常用詞匯是非常重要的。這不僅能夠幫助你在寫作中更準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)觀點,，還能提高你的整體寫作水平,。以下是一些建議和常用詞匯，供大家參考。??

一,、政治類作文常見主題

在托?？荚囍校晤愒掝}經(jīng)常出現(xiàn),。以下是一些常見的主題：

• Government intervention (政府干預(yù))
• Social justice (社會公正)
• Human rights (人權(quán))
• Environmental policies (環(huán)境政策)
• Economic inequality (經(jīng)濟(jì)不平等)

二、常用詞匯

以下是一些在政治類作文中常用的詞匯和短語：

• Legislation - 立法
• Policy - 政策
• Advocate - 擁護(hù)者
• Opposition - 反對派
• Corruption - 腐敗
• Accountability - 問責(zé)制
• Democracy - 民主
• Autocracy - 專制
• Public opinion - 公眾輿論
• Civil rights - 公民權(quán)利

三,、寫作結(jié)構(gòu)與技巧

在寫作政治類作文時,，清晰的結(jié)構(gòu)是關(guān)鍵。通?？梢园凑找韵陆Y(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行安排：

1. Introduction (引言): 簡要介紹話題,，并提出你的觀點。
2. Body Paragraphs (主體段落): 每個段落集中討論一個觀點,，提供支持性證據(jù)和例子,。
3. Conclusion (結(jié)論): 總結(jié)主要觀點，重申你的立場,。

四,、范文示例

以下是一篇關(guān)于“Government intervention in the economy” (政府對經(jīng)濟(jì)的干預(yù)) 的范文：

Essay Topic: Should the government intervene in the economy?

Sample Answer:

In recent years, the role of government in economic affairs has become a hotly debated topic. Some argue that government intervention is necessary to ensure economic stability, while others believe it leads to inefficiency and corruption. In my opinion, government intervention is essential for promoting social welfare and protecting vulnerable populations. ??

Firstly, government intervention can help address economic inequality. For instance, implementing progressive taxation can redistribute wealth and provide funding for social programs that support low-income families. Furthermore, during economic crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, government support programs have been crucial in preventing widespread unemployment and poverty.

Secondly, effective regulation is necessary to protect consumers and the environment. Without government oversight, corporations may prioritize profit over public safety, leading to harmful practices. For example, strict environmental regulations can help mitigate climate change and preserve natural resources for future generations.

In conclusion, while there are valid concerns about government intervention, its benefits in promoting equality and protecting public interests cannot be overlooked.

五、備考建議

1. 多閱讀相關(guān)材料,，積累政治類詞匯和表達(dá)方式,。

2. 練習(xí)寫作時，嘗試使用不同的詞匯和句型,，以增強(qiáng)文章的多樣性,。

3. 在寫作前，花時間思考你的觀點,，并準(zhǔn)備好支持性論據(jù)。

4. 請他人評估你的作文,，獲取反饋并進(jìn)行改進(jìn),。??

六、預(yù)測新題

根據(jù)近年來的考試趨勢,，以下是可能出現(xiàn)的新題：

• Should social media platforms regulate political content?
• Is universal healthcare a fundamental right?
• What role should governments play in combating climate change?

希望這些信息能夠幫助你在托福政治類作文中取得更好的成績,！祝你備考順利！??