在托福閱讀中，長難句是考生們常常面臨的挑戰(zhàn)之一,。尤其是主謂分隔的句子結(jié)構(gòu),，可能會(huì)讓考生感到困惑,。本文將幫助考生識(shí)別修飾成分,，從而快速抓住句子的主干,，提升閱讀理解能力,。

主謂分隔的句子結(jié)構(gòu)是指主語和謂語之間被修飾成分隔開,，這些修飾成分可以是形容詞,、副詞,、介詞短語,、非謂語動(dòng)詞（如過去分詞,、現(xiàn)在分詞,、動(dòng)詞不定式），以及從句（如定語從句,、同位語從句）,。如果能夠迅速識(shí)別這些修飾成分，就能更快理解句子的主干,。

形容詞與副詞

例如：Plants / able / to tolerate low levels / of this mineral / can survive.

主干為：植物能存活。
“able”作為形容詞后置定語修飾主語,，完整句意為：能夠忍受礦物質(zhì)濃度低的植物能夠存活,。

介詞短語

例如：Thus / a part / of the total space / of any object / consists of empty space.

主干為：一個(gè)部分包含空的空間。
“of”作為介詞短語后置修飾主語，完整句意為：任何物體的總空間的一部分包含空的空間,。

非謂語動(dòng)詞

動(dòng)詞不定式：The only way to protect this fragile and important part of the planet is to stop tourists from traveling to Antarctica.

主干為：唯一的方法就是禁止游客來南極旅游。
動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語修飾主語,，完整句意為：要保護(hù)地球這片脆弱且重要的地區(qū)的唯一方法就是禁止游客來南極旅游,。

現(xiàn)在分詞：A third fossil formation containing both soft-bodied and hard-bodied animals provides evidence of the result of the Cambrian explosion.

主干為：第三個(gè)化石形成物提供了寒武紀(jì)爆發(fā)結(jié)果的證據(jù),。
現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語修飾主語，完整句意為：包含軟體動(dòng)物和硬體動(dòng)物的第三個(gè)化石形成物提供了寒武紀(jì)爆發(fā)結(jié)果的證據(jù),。

過去分詞：The increased value placed on the idea of the family also helps to explain this rise in birth rates.

主干為：提高的價(jià)值也幫助解釋出生率的增長。
過去分詞短語作后置定語修飾主語,，完整句意為：家庭觀念方面的提高的價(jià)值也幫助解釋了出生率的增長,。

從句

定語從句：Farmers { who grow crops [that need a lot of water] } make higher profits.

主干為：農(nóng)民們獲得更高的收益。
定語從句先行詞為主句主語,，完整句意為：種植需要大量水的莊稼的農(nóng)民們獲得更高的收益,。

同位語從句：The fact { that artisans are frequently considered artists today } is directly attributable to the Arts and Crafts Movement of the nineteenth century.

主干為：事實(shí)可以直接歸因于十九世紀(jì)的工藝美術(shù)運(yùn)動(dòng),。
同位語從句修飾主句主語,，完整句意為：工匠們在今天往往被認(rèn)為是藝術(shù)家的事實(shí)可以直接歸因于十九世紀(jì)的工藝美術(shù)運(yùn)動(dòng),。

通過熟悉以上幾種修飾成分的形式,，考生們能夠迅速找到主干，理解句子的整體意思,，從而在托福閱讀中取得更好的成績,！

Understanding Long Sentences in TOEFL Reading ??

As a TOEFL candidate, mastering reading comprehension is crucial for achieving a high score. One of the challenges many students face is understanding long and complex sentences. In this article, we will explore effective strategies for breaking down these sentences and improving your reading skills.

Why Are Long Sentences Challenging? ??

Long sentences often contain multiple clauses, intricate vocabulary, and various punctuation marks. This complexity can make it difficult to grasp the main idea. Understanding the structure of these sentences is key to navigating them effectively. Here are some common elements that make sentences lengthy:

• Subordinate Clauses: These add additional information but can obscure the main point.
• Parenthetical Elements: Phrases set off by commas that provide extra details.
• Conjunctions: Words like "and," "but," and "although" can connect ideas in unexpected ways.

Strategies for Analyzing Long Sentences ??

Here are some practical tips to help you dissect long sentences:

1. Identify the Main Clause: Look for the subject and verb first. This will give you the core idea.
2. Look for Signal Words: Words like "however," "therefore," and "for example" can guide you through the sentence's logic.
3. Break It Down: Divide the sentence into smaller parts. Rewrite it in your own words to check your understanding.

Practice Example ??

Let’s analyze a sample sentence:

“Although the research conducted over the past decade has revealed significant findings, many scholars argue that further studies are necessary to fully understand the implications of these results.”

1. Main Clause: “many scholars argue that further studies are necessary.”

2. Subordinate Clause: “Although the research conducted over the past decade has revealed significant findings.”

3. Signal Words: “Although” indicates a contrast, suggesting that despite the findings, there is still uncertainty.

Further Practice Resources ??

To enhance your skills, consider practicing with the following resources:

• Official TOEFL Preparation Guide
• Online platforms offering TOEFL reading exercises
• Academic articles from journals related to your field of interest

Common Vocabulary to Know ??

Familiarizing yourself with academic vocabulary can also aid in comprehension. Here are some words frequently encountered in TOEFL reading sections:

• Implication
• Significant
• Contradict
• Hypothesis
• Methodology

Final Thoughts ??

By applying these strategies and consistently practicing, you can improve your ability to understand long sentences in TOEFL reading passages. Remember, patience and practice are essential. Good luck with your preparation!

Introduction

For many students preparing for the TOEFL, understanding sentence structure is crucial. One of the key skills you will need to master is identifying the main clause of a sentence. This ability not only helps in reading comprehension but also enhances your writing skills. In this article, we'll explore some strategies to improve your sentence structure recognition, along with practical examples. ??

What is a Main Clause?

A main clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb and expresses a complete thought. For example, in the sentence “The cat sat on the mat,” “The cat sat” is the main clause. Understanding this concept is essential for both the reading and writing sections of the TOEFL.

Identifying Main Clauses in Reading

When you encounter complex sentences in reading passages, look for the main clauses first. They often provide the core information needed to understand the text. Here are some tips:

• Look for conjunctions: Words like "and," "but," and "or" can help you identify separate main clauses.
• Identify the subject and verb: Ask yourself who is doing what in the sentence.
• Break down long sentences: If a sentence feels overwhelming, break it into smaller parts to find the main clauses.

Practice Example

Consider the following sentence:

“Although the weather was terrible, we decided to go hiking because we wanted to enjoy nature.”

In this case, the main clauses are:

• We decided to go hiking.
• We wanted to enjoy nature.

Writing with Clarity

When writing your essays, clarity is vital. Using clear main clauses will make your arguments stronger. Here are some suggestions:

• Be concise: Avoid overly complex sentences that may confuse the reader.
• Use varied sentence structures: While main clauses are important, mixing them with subordinate clauses can enhance your writing.
• Revisit your drafts: After writing, check if your main ideas are clearly expressed through main clauses.

Sample Writing Task

Here’s a typical TOEFL writing prompt:

“Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is better to work in a team than to work alone. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.”

In your response, ensure that your main arguments are articulated through clear main clauses. For instance:

“Working in a team fosters collaboration, which leads to better problem-solving.”

“Teamwork allows individuals to learn from one another.”

Conclusion

By practicing these strategies for identifying main clauses, you will improve both your reading comprehension and writing clarity. Remember to focus on breaking down complex sentences and using clear structures in your essays. Good luck with your TOEFL preparation! ??

托福閱讀修飾成分分析技巧

對于準(zhǔn)備托福考試的考生來說,，閱讀部分往往是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn),。尤其是在理解句子結(jié)構(gòu)和修飾成分時(shí)，很多考生會(huì)感到困惑,。本文將分享一些關(guān)于如何分析修飾成分的實(shí)用技巧,，希望能幫助你在托福閱讀中取得更好的成績。??

1. 理解修飾成分的基本概念

修飾成分是指在句子中對名詞,、動(dòng)詞或其他成分進(jìn)行描述或限定的詞語或短語,。在托福閱讀中，修飾成分通常包括形容詞,、副詞,、介詞短語等。理解這些修飾成分的功能,，有助于你更準(zhǔn)確地把握句子的主旨,。

2. 識(shí)別常見的修飾成分

在托福閱讀中，你可能會(huì)遇到以下幾種常見的修飾成分：

• Adjectives: These words describe nouns. For example, “The ancient ruins are fascinating.”
• Adverbs: These words modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. For example, “She quickly finished her homework.”
• Prepositional phrases: These phrases often provide additional information about a noun. For example, “The book on the table is mine.”

3. 學(xué)會(huì)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)

在閱讀過程中,，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可以幫助你更好地理解修飾成分。以下是一些步驟：

1. Identify the main clause: 確定句子的主干部分,。
2. Locate the modifiers: 找出所有修飾成分,，并注意它們是如何與主干部分相連的。
3. Understand the relationship: 分析修飾成分與主干之間的關(guān)系,，以理解句子的整體意思,。

4. 練習(xí)題目示例

下面是一個(gè)練習(xí)題目，幫助你鞏固對修飾成分的理解：

Reading Passage:

“The beautiful garden, which was designed by a famous architect, attracts many visitors every year.”

Question: What does the adjective “beautiful” modify in the sentence?

Answer: It modifies the noun “garden.”

5. 提高你的閱讀理解能力

要提高你的閱讀理解能力,，建議你多做一些托福閱讀練習(xí),。通過不斷的練習(xí)，你將能夠更加熟悉各種修飾成分的用法,，從而提高你的答題速度和準(zhǔn)確性,。??

6. 參考資料與資源

為了進(jìn)一步提升你的閱讀技巧，可以參考以下資源：

• Official TOEFL Preparation Guide: This guide provides sample questions and explanations.
• Online Practice Tests: Websites like ETS offer practice tests that simulate the real exam experience.
• Vocabulary Lists: Building a strong vocabulary will help you understand more complex texts.

7. 心態(tài)調(diào)整

最后,，保持積極的心態(tài)也是成功的重要因素。即使在面對困難的文章時(shí),，也要相信自己的能力,。每一次閱讀練習(xí)都是一次進(jìn)步的機(jī)會(huì),。??