GRE寫(xiě)作中如何提煉和確立論證觀(guān)點(diǎn)？3個(gè)方法讓論證無(wú)懈可擊,。在準(zhǔn)備GRE寫(xiě)作時(shí),，許多考生常常陷入片面論證的誤區(qū)，導(dǎo)致文章缺乏深度和復(fù)雜性,。本文將介紹三種有效的方法,，幫助考生在寫(xiě)作中建立更全面的論證觀(guān)點(diǎn)。

融合對(duì)立選項(xiàng)（平衡觀(guān)點(diǎn)）

在許多題目中,，往往會(huì)出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)看似對(duì)立的對(duì)象,。此時(shí)，我們可以探討這兩個(gè)對(duì)象之間的聯(lián)系,，指出它們是可以共存的,。例如：

It is the artist, not the critic, who gives society something of lasting value.

1. 藝術(shù)作品本身蘊(yùn)含深刻內(nèi)涵和持久價(jià)值,，而批評(píng)家則幫助人們理解藝術(shù)的真正價(jià)值。
2. 許多流傳千古的藝術(shù)作品都是批評(píng)家篩選和推薦的結(jié)果,。

因此,，這兩個(gè)對(duì)象并不矛盾，可以同時(shí)存在,。

關(guān)鍵詞分離寫(xiě)

當(dāng)題目中出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)對(duì)象時(shí),，它們表面上可能一致，但實(shí)際上卻存在差異,。我們可以肯定一個(gè)對(duì)象,，同時(shí)否定另一個(gè)。例如：

Technologies not only influence but actually determine social customs and ethics.

首先,，customs（風(fēng)俗）與ethics（倫理）之間存在顯著差異,，因此科技對(duì)它們的影響程度也不同。
1. 肯定 customs：科技能夠改變風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣,，例如一些傳統(tǒng)儀式因科學(xué)進(jìn)步而被廢除,，或賦予了新的意義。
2. 否定 ethics：倫理道德是人類(lèi)幾千年來(lái)共同認(rèn)可的,，科技的發(fā)展無(wú)法改變這些根深蒂固的道德觀(guān)念,，反而道德觀(guān)念會(huì)影響科技的方向。

定義模糊關(guān)鍵詞

在某些題目中,，關(guān)鍵詞的含義模糊,，我們可以通過(guò)不同的定義來(lái)展開(kāi)論證。例如：

"facts are stubborn things. They cannot be altered by our wishes, or our inclinations."

在本題中,，“facts”的含義非常模糊,，我們可以從不同角度進(jìn)行分析。
1. 如果將fact視為自然規(guī)律,，這些事實(shí)是不可改變的,，比如所有生物最終都會(huì)死亡，時(shí)間無(wú)法倒流,。
2. 如果將fact理解為歷史記錄,，那么這些事實(shí)是可以被重新解釋的。雖然發(fā)生過(guò)的事情無(wú)法改變,，但歷史的記錄本身并不總是完全真實(shí)和客觀(guān)的,。

綜上所述，掌握以上三種方法可以幫助GRE考生在寫(xiě)作中避免片面論證,，提升文章的深度和復(fù)雜性,。希望各位考生能夠積極備考，在GRE寫(xiě)作中取得優(yōu)異的成績(jī)！

Mastering GRE Argument Writing Techniques

As a GRE test taker, you may find the Argument Task to be one of the most challenging aspects of the writing section. This task requires you to analyze an argument, identify its flaws, and critique its reasoning. Here are some effective techniques to help you succeed in this portion of the exam. ??

1. Understand the Prompt

Before diving into your response, take a moment to carefully read the prompt. The argument will typically present a conclusion based on certain premises. Your job is to evaluate the strength of that conclusion. Look for assumptions that the author makes without evidence. For example:

“The following appeared in a letter to the editor of a local newspaper: 'The city should invest in building more parks because it will improve the quality of life for residents.'”

2. Identify Logical Fallacies

Logical fallacies are common in arguments and can significantly weaken the author's position. Some common types include:

• Hasty Generalization: Drawing a conclusion based on insufficient evidence.
• False Cause: Assuming that one event caused another without proof.
• Ad Hominem: Attacking the person making the argument rather than the argument itself.

For example, if the author claims that "more parks lead to happier residents" without providing data, you might point out this hasty generalization. ??

3. Structure Your Response

A well-organized essay is crucial for scoring well. Follow this structure:

• Introduction: Briefly summarize the argument and state your thesis regarding its validity.
• Body Paragraphs: Each paragraph should address a specific flaw in the argument. Start with a clear topic sentence, provide evidence or examples, and explain how the flaw undermines the argument.
• Conclusion: Summarize your main points and restate the overall weaknesses of the argument.

Example structure:

“The argument fails to consider…”

“Additionally, the assumption that…”

“In conclusion, the argument is flawed because…”

4. Use Specific Examples

To strengthen your critique, use specific examples or hypothetical scenarios. For instance, if the argument suggests that "increasing park space will reduce crime," you could mention studies showing that crime rates are influenced by various factors, such as socioeconomic status. This adds depth to your analysis and shows critical thinking. ??

5. Practice, Practice, Practice

The best way to improve your GRE Argument writing skills is through practice. Use sample prompts to write essays and seek feedback. Here’s a sample prompt you can practice with:

“The following is a recommendation from a business consultant: 'Company X should expand its product line to increase profits, as diversification has always led to greater financial success.'”

Try identifying the assumptions and logical flaws in this argument. ??

6. Review Sample Essays

Reading high-scoring sample essays can provide insight into effective writing styles and strategies. Look for essays that clearly outline their critiques and provide strong evidence. You can find these samples on GRE preparation websites or in study guides.

By incorporating these techniques into your preparation, you can enhance your ability to critically analyze arguments and articulate your thoughts clearly and effectively. Remember, the GRE writing section is not just about what you say, but how you say it. Good luck! ??

As a GRE test-taker, mastering the art of argument analysis is crucial for excelling in the Analytical Writing section. One effective method to enhance your performance is by employing a systematic approach to extract and evaluate the core arguments presented in prompts. Here’s a comprehensive guide on how to effectively distill arguments during your GRE preparation.

Understanding the Argument Structure ???

The first step in this process is to familiarize yourself with the typical structure of an argument. Most arguments consist of a claim or conclusion supported by premises. When you encounter an argument prompt, identify the following components:

• Conclusion: What is the main point the author is trying to convey?
• Premises: What evidence or reasons does the author provide to support the conclusion?
• Assumptions: What underlying beliefs must be true for the argument to hold?

For example, consider the following GRE argument prompt:

"The following appeared in a letter to the editor of a local newspaper: 'To improve our city’s economy, we should encourage more tourism by promoting our historical sites. Other cities that have done this have seen significant economic growth.'"

Identifying Key Elements ??

In this example, the conclusion is that promoting historical sites will improve the city's economy. The premise is based on the success of other cities that have implemented similar strategies. However, to critically analyze the argument, you need to uncover its assumptions, such as:

• Tourism will indeed lead to economic growth in this specific city.
• The historical sites are appealing enough to attract tourists.
• Other factors affecting economic growth in those cities do not apply here.

Developing a Counterargument ??

Once you’ve identified the key elements, it’s essential to develop a counterargument. This involves questioning the validity of the assumptions and exploring alternative explanations. For instance, what if the historical sites are not well-maintained? Or if the city lacks adequate infrastructure to support an influx of tourists? By considering these factors, you can present a more nuanced critique of the original argument.

Structuring Your Response ??

Your response should be organized logically, typically following this structure:

• Introduction: Briefly summarize the argument and state your thesis regarding its strengths and weaknesses.
• Body Paragraphs: Discuss each assumption, providing evidence and reasoning for why it may be flawed. Include counterarguments where appropriate.
• Conclusion: Summarize your main points and restate your overall assessment of the argument.

For example, you might start your essay with:

"The argument presented suggests that promoting historical sites will bolster the city’s economy, drawing on examples from other cities. However, this reasoning is fundamentally flawed due to several unexamined assumptions."

Practicing with Real Prompts ??

To hone your skills, practice with real GRE argument prompts. Websites like ETS provide sample prompts that can help you get accustomed to the format. Set a timer for 30 minutes and write out your responses, focusing on clarity and coherence. Afterward, review your essays critically or seek feedback from peers or mentors.

Time Management Strategies ?

During the actual GRE, time management is vital. Allocate your time wisely—spend about 5-10 minutes planning your response, 20 minutes writing, and 5 minutes reviewing. This structure helps ensure that your essay is well thought out and polished.

By applying these methods consistently, you’ll find that extracting and analyzing arguments becomes second nature. With practice, you’ll be able to tackle any GRE argument prompt with confidence and clarity, enhancing your overall performance in the Analytical Writing section. Best of luck with your GRE preparation! ??

GRE Writing High Score Strategies

For many GRE test-takers, the writing section can be a daunting challenge. However, with the right strategies and practice, you can achieve a high score. Here are some effective tips to enhance your GRE writing skills. ??

Understand the Structure

First, it's essential to understand the structure of the GRE writing tasks: Analyze an Issue and Analyze an Argument. Each task requires a different approach:

• Analyze an Issue: You will need to take a position on a given topic and support it with reasoning and examples.
• Analyze an Argument: Your task is to critique an argument presented in a short passage, identifying its flaws and weaknesses.

Practice with Real Prompts

Familiarize yourself with actual GRE prompts. Here’s an example for each type:

Issue Prompt: "To understand the most important characteristics of a society, one must study its major cities."

Argument Prompt: "The following appeared in a memo from the manager of a coffee shop: 'Our coffee shop has seen a decline in sales over the past year. To improve our sales, we should offer a wider variety of pastries.'"

Practicing with these prompts can help you develop your ideas and learn how to structure your essays effectively. ??

Develop a Template

Creating a template can save you time during the exam. Consider the following structure for your essays:

• Introduction: Introduce the topic and state your thesis.
• Body Paragraphs: Each paragraph should focus on a single point that supports your thesis, with examples and reasoning.
• Counterargument (for Issue): Address a possible counterargument to strengthen your position.
• Conclusion: Summarize your main points and restate your thesis in a new light.

Time Management

During the GRE, time management is crucial. Allocate approximately:

• 5 minutes for planning
• 25 minutes for writing
• 5 minutes for revising

Stick to this timeline to ensure you complete both essays within the allotted time. ?

Use Clear and Concise Language

Avoid overly complicated vocabulary or convoluted sentences. Clarity is key. Use straightforward language to express your ideas. Additionally, make sure to vary your sentence structure to keep the reader engaged. ??

Revise and Edit

Always leave time to revise your essays. Look for common errors in grammar, punctuation, and spelling. A clean, error-free essay can significantly impact your score. Consider the following checklist:

• Have I answered the prompt fully?
• Are my arguments well-supported?
• Is my essay organized logically?
• Have I checked for grammatical errors?

Seek Feedback

Before the test, seek feedback on your practice essays from peers, teachers, or online forums. Constructive criticism can help you identify areas for improvement that you might overlook. ??

Stay Calm and Confident

Finally, remember that confidence plays a significant role in your performance. Take deep breaths, stay positive, and trust in your preparation. Good luck! ??