托福閱讀高難度文章長(zhǎng)難句實(shí)例解析:中國(guó)造紙技術(shù)向西方傳播。對(duì)于托??忌鷣?lái)說(shuō),,掌握長(zhǎng)難句的解析技巧至關(guān)重要。本文將通過(guò)一個(gè)具體的例子,,幫助大家更好地理解和應(yīng)對(duì)這類(lèi)句子,。
Example of a Complex Sentence:
It has been said that Chinese papermakers were among the prisoners (captured in a battle)(fought near Samarqand)(between the Chinese and the Muslims in 751), and the technique of papermaking - (in which cellulose pulp extracted from any of several plants is first suspended in water, caught on a fine screen, and then dried into flexible sheets) - slowly spread westward.
Vocabulary Explanation:
cellulose /'selj?l??z/ n. 纖維素
pulp /p?lp/ n. 紙漿
extract /?k'strækt/ vt. 提取
suspend /s?'spend/ vt. 懸掛
screen n. 篩子
flexible /'fl?ks?bl/ adj. 有彈性的
Structural Breakdown:
The main structure of the sentence is:
It has been said that + clause
The core of the clause is:
Chinese papermakers were among the prisoners and the technique of papermaking slowly spread westward.
Modifier One: (captured in a battle), a non-finite verb modifying "the prisoners".
Modifier Two: (fought near Samarqand), a non-finite verb modifying "battle".
Modifier Three: (between the Chinese and the Muslims in 751), a prepositional phrase.
Modifier Four: (in which cellulose pulp extracted from any of several plants is first suspended in water, caught on a fine screen, and then dried into flexible sheets), a clause modifying "the technique of papermaking".
Note: The clause contains a non-finite verb modifying "cellulose pulp".
Reference Translation:
據(jù)說(shuō)在751年,在中國(guó)與穆斯林之間的戰(zhàn)斗中,,中國(guó)的造紙匠被俘,,這項(xiàng)造紙技術(shù)(首先從幾種植物中提取的纖維素紙漿懸浮在水中,通過(guò)精細(xì)的篩子過(guò)濾,,然后干燥成有韌性的紙張)才緩慢向西傳播,。
通過(guò)以上分析,,托福考生可以更有效地應(yīng)對(duì)閱讀中的長(zhǎng)難句,,提高理解能力,。希望大家能夠靈活運(yùn)用這些技巧,順利取得高分,!
托福閱讀高難度文章長(zhǎng)難句實(shí)例解析:中國(guó)造紙技術(shù)向西方傳播,。掌握長(zhǎng)難句的解析方法,將對(duì)你的托福備考大有裨益,。
在托??荚囍校喿x部分常常包含一些長(zhǎng)難句,,這些句子可能會(huì)讓考生感到困惑,。為了幫助大家更好地理解這些句子,本文將分享一些實(shí)用的解析技巧和經(jīng)驗(yàn),。??
1. 理解句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)
首先,,我們需要識(shí)別句子的主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ),。這是理解句子的基礎(chǔ),。長(zhǎng)難句往往包含多個(gè)從句和修飾成分,因此,,抓住主干是關(guān)鍵,。例如:
“Although the theory was initially met with skepticism, it has since gained widespread acceptance among scientists.”
在這個(gè)句子中,主句是“it has since gained widespread acceptance among scientists”,,而“Although the theory was initially met with skepticism”是一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,。通過(guò)拆分句子,我們可以更清晰地理解其含義,。
2. 注意連接詞和標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)
連接詞(如although, however, therefore等)和標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)(如逗號(hào),、分號(hào)等)在長(zhǎng)難句中起著重要的作用。它們通常指示了句子的邏輯關(guān)系,。例如:
“The research, which was conducted over five years, reveals significant findings; however, further studies are needed to confirm these results.”
這里的“which”引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,,而“however”則表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,幫助我們理解句子之間的邏輯聯(lián)系,。
3. 分段閱讀法
對(duì)于特別復(fù)雜的長(zhǎng)難句,,可以嘗試將其分段進(jìn)行閱讀。將句子拆分為幾個(gè)部分,,逐一理解每個(gè)部分的意思,,然后再將其組合起來(lái)。例如:
“The novel, praised for its intricate plot and deep character development, explores themes of identity and belonging.”
可以將其分為:“The novel is praised for its intricate plot and deep character development” 和 “It explores themes of identity and belonging”。這樣可以幫助我們更好地理解句子的整體含義,。
4. 常見(jiàn)的長(zhǎng)難句結(jié)構(gòu)
在托福閱讀中,,有一些常見(jiàn)的長(zhǎng)難句結(jié)構(gòu),了解這些結(jié)構(gòu)有助于提高理解能力,。以下是一些例子:
5. 多做練習(xí)
最后,,最有效的提高方法就是多做練習(xí)??梢酝ㄟ^(guò)閱讀托福真題或相關(guān)書(shū)籍來(lái)增強(qiáng)對(duì)長(zhǎng)難句的理解能力,。在練習(xí)時(shí),可以嘗試自己分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),,并找出其中的主干和修飾成分,。??
在備考過(guò)程中,面對(duì)長(zhǎng)難句時(shí),,不妨嘗試以上方法,。通過(guò)不斷的練習(xí)和總結(jié),相信你一定能夠提高自己的閱讀理解能力,,為托??荚囎龊贸浞譁?zhǔn)備!??
在中國(guó)的歷史長(zhǎng)河中,,造紙技術(shù)的發(fā)展扮演了極其重要的角色,。作為一種文化傳播的媒介,,紙不僅改變了人們記錄和交流信息的方式,,也深刻影響了社會(huì)的發(fā)展和思想的傳播。??
一,、造紙的起源
造紙的歷史可以追溯到公元前105年,,漢朝的蔡倫被認(rèn)為是發(fā)明現(xiàn)代紙張的先驅(qū)。他利用樹(shù)皮,、麻頭,、布料和漁網(wǎng)等原材料,創(chuàng)造出一種輕便且易于書(shū)寫(xiě)的紙,。這種紙的出現(xiàn),,使得知識(shí)的傳播變得更加普及,推動(dòng)了文化的繁榮發(fā)展,。??
二,、造紙技術(shù)的演變
隨著時(shí)間的推移,造紙技術(shù)經(jīng)歷了多個(gè)階段的演變,。從最初的手工造紙到后來(lái)的機(jī)械化生產(chǎn),,技術(shù)的進(jìn)步使得紙的質(zhì)量和生產(chǎn)效率大大提高。特別是在宋朝時(shí)期,紙的生產(chǎn)規(guī)模進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大,,成為了經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化生活中不可或缺的一部分,。???
三、紙的多樣化
中國(guó)的造紙技術(shù)不僅僅局限于普通紙的生產(chǎn),,還逐漸發(fā)展出多種類(lèi)型的紙張,,例如宣紙、書(shū)法紙和繪畫(huà)紙等,。這些紙張因其獨(dú)特的質(zhì)地和吸墨性,,成為了藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作的重要材料。??
四,、造紙與文化的交融
紙作為文化的載體,,承載著豐富的歷史和傳統(tǒng)。古代文人墨客通過(guò)紙表達(dá)自己的思想和情感,,留下了無(wú)數(shù)經(jīng)典作品,。同時(shí),紙也促進(jìn)了書(shū)籍的印刷和發(fā)行,,使得知識(shí)能夠更廣泛地傳播,,形成了中國(guó)獨(dú)特的書(shū)籍文化。??
五,、現(xiàn)代造紙技術(shù)的挑戰(zhàn)與機(jī)遇
進(jìn)入21世紀(jì),,隨著科技的快速發(fā)展,數(shù)字化的浪潮對(duì)傳統(tǒng)造紙行業(yè)提出了新的挑戰(zhàn),。雖然電子書(shū)和在線(xiàn)閱讀逐漸流行,,但紙張仍然在許多領(lǐng)域保持著其獨(dú)特的價(jià)值。例如,,在藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作,、教育和文化傳承等方面,紙張依然是不可替代的工具,。??
六,、未來(lái)展望
面對(duì)環(huán)境保護(hù)的壓力,現(xiàn)代造紙技術(shù)也在不斷創(chuàng)新,。許多企業(yè)開(kāi)始探索可持續(xù)發(fā)展的路徑,,例如使用再生紙和環(huán)保材料。未來(lái)的造紙行業(yè)將更加注重環(huán)保與科技的結(jié)合,,以實(shí)現(xiàn)綠色發(fā)展,。??
通過(guò)了解中國(guó)造紙技術(shù)的歷史背景,我們可以看到這一技術(shù)不僅僅是物質(zhì)文化的體現(xiàn),,更是精神文化的重要組成部分,。對(duì)于托??忌裕莆者@些知識(shí),,不僅有助于提升語(yǔ)言能力,,還能加深對(duì)中國(guó)文化的理解,為未來(lái)的學(xué)習(xí)和生活打下良好的基礎(chǔ),。