交通堵塞 (traffic jam = traffic congestion)

危險的路況 (treacherous road conditions)

公交 (public transit)

磁懸浮列車 (magnetically-levitated trains)

輕軌 (sky train)

有軌電車 (streetcar/ tram/ trolley)

渡輪 (ferry)

橫沖直撞 (road rage)

蠻不講理的司機 (aggressive drivers)

不負責(zé)任地開車 (reckless driving)

酒后駕車 (drunk driving)

肇事者 (culprit/ offender)

每天經(jīng)過長距離去上班的人們 (commuter)

交通量 (traffic volume/ volume of traffic)

交通工具 (vehicle)

下降 (decline)

人口稠密的 (densely-populated)

激增 (soar)

擁擠的 (packed/ crowded)

被擠在……里 (be squished up)

人口爆炸,，人口激增 (population explosion/ population boom)

提高征稅 (impose higher taxes on)

行人 (pedestrian)

罰款 (fine)

行人公交像沙丁魚罐頭那么擁擠 (sardine-packed)

危險的 (hazardous)

地鐵的一節(jié)車廂 (subway car)

加長轎車 (limo)

車隊 (fleet)

拼車 (car-pool)

大都市的 (metropolitan)

過度擁擠 (overcrowding)

撞車 (collision/ car accident)

人口密度 (density of population)

高架橋，過街天橋 (overpass)

地下過街通道 (underpass)

內(nèi)燃機 (internal combustion engine)

柴油機 (diesel engine)

蒸汽驅(qū)動的 (steam-driven)

汽油驅(qū)動的 (petrol-driven)

以氫氣為動力的 (hydrogen-driven)

混亂的 (chaotic)

馬拉的觀光車 (horse-drawn carriage)

歐洲古代的戰(zhàn)車 (chariot)

以上是托福寫作中與交通相關(guān)的高頻詞匯匯總,，希望能夠為考生們提供幫助和參考,。

Essential Vocabulary for TOEFL Writing on Transportation

When preparing for the TOEFL exam, especially the writing section, it's crucial to have a strong vocabulary related to various topics. One significant area is transportation. This article will provide you with essential vocabulary, sample topics, and tips to enhance your writing skills in this domain. ????

Key Vocabulary Words

• Public Transport: Refers to systems of transport that are available for use by the general public, such as buses, trains, and subways.
• Congestion: A situation where there are too many vehicles on the road, leading to delays and slower travel times.
• Infrastructure: The basic physical and organizational structures needed for the operation of a society, including roads, bridges, and railways.
• Commute: The daily travel between home and work or school.
• Sustainable Transportation: Methods of transport that have a low impact on the environment, such as cycling and walking.
• Traffic Regulations: Laws and guidelines that govern how vehicles and pedestrians should behave on the road.
• Carbon Emissions: Gases released into the atmosphere as a result of burning fossil fuels, contributing to climate change.
• Ride-sharing: A transportation service that allows individuals to share rides with others, often facilitated by apps.

Sample Writing Topic

Topic: "Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of public transportation in urban areas." ???

When addressing this topic, consider structuring your essay into clear paragraphs. Start with an introduction that presents the main idea, followed by body paragraphs that explore both sides of the argument, and conclude with a summary of your points.

Example Outline

1. Introduction: Introduce the importance of public transportation in modern cities.
2. Advantages:

   • Cost-effective for residents.
   • Reduces traffic congestion.
   • Environmentally friendly by lowering carbon emissions.

3. Disadvantages:

   • Can be unreliable and overcrowded.
   • Lack of coverage in some areas.
   • Safety concerns, especially at night.

4. Conclusion: Summarize the key points and express your opinion on the effectiveness of public transportation.

Tips for TOEFL Writing

Here are some helpful tips to improve your writing score:

• Practice regularly: Write essays on various transportation topics to build familiarity with vocabulary and structure.
• Use transition words: Incorporate words like "furthermore," "however," and "in addition" to enhance the flow of your writing.
• Vary your sentence structure: Use a mix of simple, compound, and complex sentences to make your writing more engaging.
• Proofread your work: Always take a few minutes to check for grammatical errors and clarity before submitting your essay.

Predicted Topics for Future TOEFL Writing

While it's impossible to predict exact questions, here are some potential topics related to transportation:

• The impact of technology on transportation.
• How urban planning affects traffic flow.
• Comparing different modes of transportation for city dwellers.

Final Thoughts

Mastering transportation vocabulary is essential for the TOEFL writing section. By incorporating these words and practicing with sample topics, you'll be better prepared to express your ideas clearly and effectively. Good luck with your studies! ??

托福高頻寫作話題指南

對于準(zhǔn)備托?？荚嚨目忌鷣碚f,，了解高頻寫作話題是非常重要的,。這不僅能幫助你節(jié)省復(fù)習(xí)時間,，還能讓你在考試中更有信心,。以下是一些常見的高頻寫作話題,，以及如何應(yīng)對這些話題的建議。??

1. Education 教育

教育話題是托福寫作中最常見的主題之一,?？忌赡軙灰笥懻撌欠駪?yīng)該重視藝術(shù)教育或技術(shù)教育。

Example Topic: Do you agree or disagree that arts education should be a priority in schools?

在寫作時,，考生可以選擇支持或反對這個觀點,，并提供相應(yīng)的理由和例子。例如，可以提到藝術(shù)教育對學(xué)生創(chuàng)造力和情感發(fā)展的積極影響,。??

2. Environment 環(huán)境

環(huán)境保護也是一個熱門話題,。考生可能需要討論個人在保護環(huán)境方面的責(zé)任,。

Example Topic: What responsibility do individuals have to protect the environment?

在回答這個問題時,，可以提到簡單的日常行為，比如減少塑料使用,、節(jié)約能源等,，來支持自己的觀點。??

3. Technology 技術(shù)

隨著科技的發(fā)展,，關(guān)于技術(shù)對生活影響的話題也越來越多,。考生可能會被問到技術(shù)是否使我們的生活更好,。

Example Topic: Do you think technology has made our lives easier or more complicated?

在論述時,，可以列舉技術(shù)帶來的便利，如在線學(xué)習(xí),、社交媒體等,，同時也可以提到其帶來的負面影響，例如信息過載,。??

4. Society 社會

社會問題也是托福寫作中常見的主題,。考生可能會被要求討論社會責(zé)任或公民參與,。

Example Topic: Should citizens be required to participate in community service?

在這個話題上，可以討論社區(qū)服務(wù)對社會的積極影響,，以及為什么每個人都應(yīng)該承擔(dān)一定的社會責(zé)任,。??

5. Health 健康

健康話題在托福寫作中也經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)?？忌赡軙灰筇接戯嬍?、運動與健康之間的關(guān)系。

Example Topic: What role does diet play in maintaining a healthy lifestyle?

在寫作時,，可以強調(diào)均衡飲食的重要性,，提供一些具體的飲食建議來支持你的論點。??

寫作技巧

在面對這些高頻話題時,，考生應(yīng)注意以下幾點：

• 結(jié)構(gòu)清晰: 確保文章有明確的引言,、主體和結(jié)論。
• 例證充分: 使用具體的例子來支撐你的觀點,，這樣可以增強說服力,。
• 語言流暢: 注意語法和拼寫錯誤，保持語言的流暢性。

總結(jié)

通過熟悉這些高頻寫作話題,，考生可以在托福寫作中更有針對性地進行準(zhǔn)備,。希望以上的建議和示例能夠幫助你在考試中取得理想的成績！加油,！??

對于準(zhǔn)備托?？荚嚨目忌鷣碚f，掌握一些常見的熱點詞匯是非常重要的,。這不僅能夠幫助你在寫作部分得高分,，還能提升你的整體語言能力。以下是一些托福寫作中常見的熱點詞匯及其應(yīng)用示例,，希望能夠?qū)δ阌兴鶐椭??

1. Environmental Issues（環(huán)境問題）

在托福寫作中,，環(huán)境問題是一個經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的話題。相關(guān)詞匯包括：pollution（污染）,，sustainability（可持續(xù)性）,，biodiversity（生物多樣性）。

例如,，你可能會遇到這樣的題目：

“Do you think governments should take action to reduce pollution?”

一個參考答案可以是：

“Yes, I believe that governments should take action to reduce pollution because it directly affects public health and the environment. Implementing stricter regulations on industries can significantly decrease the levels of harmful emissions.”

2. Education（教育）

教育也是托福寫作中的熱門話題,。相關(guān)詞匯包括：curriculum（課程），critical thinking（批判性思維）,，online learning（在線學(xué)習(xí)）,。

例如，可能會有這樣的題目：

“Is online learning as effective as traditional classroom learning?”

一個參考答案可以是：

“While online learning offers flexibility, I believe that traditional classroom learning is more effective in fostering critical thinking and interpersonal skills among students.”

3. Technology（科技）

科技發(fā)展迅速,，這個話題在托福寫作中也時常出現(xiàn),。相關(guān)詞匯包括：innovation（創(chuàng)新），artificial intelligence（人工智能）,，digital divide（數(shù)字鴻溝）,。

例如，可能會有這樣的題目：

“What are the advantages and disadvantages of artificial intelligence?”

一個參考答案可以是：

“The advantages of artificial intelligence include increased efficiency and the ability to perform complex tasks. However, it also poses risks such as job displacement and ethical concerns.”

4. Health and Fitness（健康與健身）

健康話題在托福寫作中也很常見,。相關(guān)詞匯包括：well-being（幸福感）,，exercise（鍛煉），mental health（心理健康）,。

例如,，可能會有這樣的題目：

“How important is exercise for maintaining mental health?”

一個參考答案可以是：

“Exercise is crucial for maintaining mental health as it helps reduce stress and anxiety while improving overall well-being.”

5. Social Issues（社會問題）

社會問題也是托福寫作中不可忽視的部分。相關(guān)詞匯包括：inequality（不平等）,，discrimination（歧視）,，community service（社區(qū)服務(wù)）。

例如,，可能會有這樣的題目：

“Should community service be mandatory for high school students?”

一個參考答案可以是：

“Yes, I believe that community service should be mandatory as it teaches students the importance of giving back to society and raises awareness about social issues.”

在托福寫作中,，使用這些熱點詞匯不僅能讓你的文章更加豐富,，也能更好地表達你的觀點。建議考生在備考期間,，多做練習(xí),，積累相關(guān)詞匯的使用經(jīng)驗。??

希望以上內(nèi)容能為你的托福寫作提供一些啟發(fā)和幫助,！祝你在考試中取得好成績,！??