GRE長難句語法點翻譯技巧解析 股東控股力度加強
1GRE長難句語法點翻譯技巧解析 股東控股力度加強
GRE長難句語法點翻譯技巧解析 股東控股力度加強
1. Such extensive and impersonal manipulation of capital and industry significantly amplified the number and significance of shareholders as a class, representing a segment of national life characterized by unaccountable wealth that is disconnected from land and the obligations of landowners; and nearly as detached from the accountable management of enterprises.
[Main Structure] Such extensive and impersonal manipulation of capital and industry significantly amplified … shareholders as a class, (which was) a segment…
[Grammar Difficulty] This sentence features a typical non-restrictive relative clause, with complexity arising from the lengthy phrases and prepositional structures in both the subject and object. The clauses are connected by two "and" conjunctions, leading to three parts. The clause "a segment…landowners" contains two relative clauses, one being "(which was) representing…" and the other "(which was) detached…".
It is evident that the challenge with relative clauses often lies in the omission of the "relative word + be" structure, which can lead to confusion with participial constructions.
[Translation] 對資本和產(chǎn)業(yè)的這種廣泛且非個人化的操控顯著增加了股東作為一個階級的數(shù)量和重要性,。這個階級作為國家生活的一部分,，代表了與土地及土地所有者義務相脫離的無責任財富,，幾乎也與企業(yè)的負責任管理相分離,。
[Translation Technique] In fact, relative clauses do not align well with Chinese usage. Therefore, when translating relative clauses, avoid rigidly following the original order. For longer sentences like this, breaking the main and subordinate clauses into separate sentences is often a better method. Thus, starting a new sentence with "這個階級" is advisable.
2. Towns such as Bournemouth and Eastbourne emerged to accommodate large, "comfortable" classes who had retired on their incomes, having no connection to the rest of the community except for drawing dividends and occasionally attending shareholders' meetings to issue directives to the management.
[Main Structure] Towns…emerged…classes who…, and who…
[Grammar Difficulty] 1) There are coordinate clauses. Analyzing the main structure reveals that this is also a typical relative clause structure, with the subordinate clauses composed of the two parallel structures "who…" and "and who…". Note that "like" is not the verb but a prepositional phrase acting as an adjective; the actual main verb is "emerged." "Retire on" refers to "retiring based on income."
2) In the structure "that of drawing dividends," "draw" means to receive, and "dividend" refers to profit sharing. The "that of sth" structure is nominal, equivalent to "which is," serving to modify the preceding noun. Additionally, "attending…" is a reduced relative clause omitting "which were." Alternating between "of sth" structures and relative clauses is a common technique in English complex sentences to avoid monotony, which candidates should be mindful of.
[Translation] 像Bournemouth和Eastbourne這樣的城鎮(zhèn)紛紛涌現(xiàn),，以容納大量依靠收入退休的“舒適”階層,。他們與社區(qū)的其他成員沒有聯(lián)系,，只是在分紅和偶爾參加股東會議時向管理層發(fā)號施令,。
[Translation Technique] Similarly, to avoid relative clauses, it is beneficial to separate the main and subordinate clauses into two sentences. Pay attention to understanding several phrases.
retire on - 依靠……退休 / have…relation…to - 與……有關(guān)系 / up to - 達到……的規(guī)模
總結(jié)：掌握GRE長難句的語法點和翻譯技巧對于考生來說至關(guān)重要,，特別是在應對復雜的句子結(jié)構(gòu)時,。理解并靈活運用這些技巧，將有助于提升閱讀理解能力和翻譯準確性,，從而在GRE考試中取得更好的成績,。
2GRE長難句翻譯技巧
對于準備參加GRE考試的考生來說，長難句的翻譯往往是一個讓人頭疼的問題,。面對復雜的句子結(jié)構(gòu)和豐富的詞匯,，如何高效地進行翻譯呢？本文將分享一些實用的技巧，幫助你更好地應對GRE中的長難句,。
1. 理解句子結(jié)構(gòu)
在翻譯長難句之前,，首先要理解其基本結(jié)構(gòu)?？梢試L試將句子分成幾個部分來分析,。例如：
“Although the committee was initially skeptical about the proposal, it ultimately decided to approve it, believing that it would bring significant benefits to the community.”
在這個句子中，可以將其拆分為三個部分：“Although the committee was initially skeptical about the proposal,” “it ultimately decided to approve it,” 和 “believing that it would bring significant benefits to the community.”
2. 尋找關(guān)鍵詞
長難句中往往包含一些關(guān)鍵詞,，這些詞可以幫助你抓住句子的核心意思,。例如：
- “Skeptical”表示懷疑，
- “Approve”表示批準,，
- “Significant benefits”表示重大利益,。
通過識別這些關(guān)鍵詞，你能更快速地理解句子的主要內(nèi)容和作者的意圖,。??
3. 注意從句關(guān)系
長難句中常常會有多個從句,，理解這些從句之間的關(guān)系至關(guān)重要。例如：
“The scientist, who had spent years researching the phenomenon, presented her findings at the conference, which attracted a lot of attention.”
這里的從句“who had spent years researching the phenomenon”和“which attracted a lot of attention”分別修飾主句,，幫助我們更好地理解主句的背景和影響,。
4. 使用上下文
在翻譯時，結(jié)合上下文可以幫助你更準確地把握句子的意思,。例如：
如果前文提到“the importance of renewable energy”,，那么在遇到相關(guān)的長難句時，就可以更容易地理解句子的中心思想,。??
5. 多做練習
翻譯長難句的能力需要通過不斷的練習來提高,。建議考生每天抽出一些時間，閱讀并翻譯不同類型的長難句,。可以參考以下范文：
“While many people argue that technology isolates individuals, others contend that it fosters connections through social media platforms.”
通過這種方式,，你不僅能提高翻譯技巧，還能擴展詞匯量和句子結(jié)構(gòu)的理解,。
6. 參加模擬測試
參加GRE模擬測試可以幫助你熟悉考試的節(jié)奏和題型,。在模擬過程中，特別注意長難句的翻譯部分,，記錄下自己的錯誤和不足之處,，以便后續(xù)改進。??
7. 交流與討論
與其他GRE考生進行交流,，分享各自的翻譯經(jīng)驗和技巧,，可以獲得新的視角和靈感。加入學習小組或在線論壇,，積極參與討論,，會對你的學習大有裨益。
總之，面對GRE長難句的翻譯挑戰(zhàn),，掌握句子結(jié)構(gòu),、識別關(guān)鍵詞、理解從句關(guān)系,、利用上下文、多做練習,、參加模擬測試以及與他人交流都是非常有效的策略,。希望這些技巧能夠幫助你在GRE考試中取得理想的成績！加油,！??
