考托語法之for和since的常規(guī)搭配是托福考試中非常重要的語法點。掌握這兩個詞的用法將幫助考生在寫作和口語中更加準確地表達時間概念,。本文將詳細介紹for和since的用法以及它們的搭配形式。

A. For的用法

1. For與表示一段時間的短語連用：

for six days 六天

for a long time 很久

2. For與一般過去時連用，表示一段已結束的時間：

We lived there for ten years. 我們在那里住過十年,。(但現在不住了)

3. For與現在完成時連用,，表示持續(xù)到現在的時間：

We have lived in London for ten years. 我們在倫敦已經住了十年。(并且還住在那里)

4. 在某些情況下,，For可以省略,，尤其是在be、live和wait之后：

We’ve been here an hour/two days. 我們在這里已經呆了一小時/兩天了,。

5. 表示時間的For不能用于以all開頭的短語前：

They’ve worked all night. 他們整整干了一晚上,。

B. Since的用法

1. Since與某一時刻連用，表示從那一時刻到說話時為止,。它總是與完成時態(tài)連用：

She has been here since six o’clock. 從6點鐘起她一直在這里,。(并且現在還在這里)

We’ve been friends since our schooldays. 從上學的時候起我們就是好朋友了。

C. last與the last的區(qū)別

1. 注意：last和the last之間存在差別,。

比較：

(a) I have been here since last week(month, year etc.). 我從上周(上月,、去年等)起一直在這里。

(b) I have been here for the last week. 過去一周內我一直在這里,。

第一句中的last week指大約七天前的某一時刻,，而第二句的the last week則指剛剛結束的七天時間。

D. Since+從句的用法

I’ve worked here since I left school. 離開學校后我就一直在這里工作,。

ever since作副詞用：

He had a bad fall last year and has been off work ever since. 他去年摔傷了,，從那以后就沒工作過。

通過以上內容,，考生可以更好地理解for和since的用法,。這對于托福考試的寫作和口語部分至關重要,。掌握這些語法規(guī)則,，將有助于提高考生的語言表達能力，為順利通過托?？荚嚨於ɑA,。

Understanding the Usage of "for" and "since" in English Grammar

As a TOEFL test taker, mastering the nuances of English grammar is crucial for achieving a high score. One area that often confuses students is the use of "for" and "since". In this article, we will explore their meanings, uses, and provide examples to help you understand how to use them correctly. ??

What Does "for" Mean?

The word "for" is used to indicate a duration of time. It answers the question "how long?" and is typically followed by a period of time.

For example:

• I have lived here for five years.
• She has been studying English for two months.

In these sentences, "for" helps us understand the length of time the actions have been occurring. It is important to note that "for" can be used with various time expressions such as days, weeks, months, and years.

What Does "since" Mean?

On the other hand, "since" is used to refer to a specific point in time when an action began. It answers the question "since when?" and is usually followed by a specific date, day, month, or year.

For example:

• I have lived here since 2018.
• She has been studying English since last summer.

In these examples, "since" indicates the exact moment when the action started, making it clear that the action is ongoing from that point forward.

Key Differences Between "for" and "since"

To summarize the differences:

• "for" is used with a duration of time (e.g., for three weeks).
• "since" is used with a specific starting point (e.g., since March 2020).

Understanding these differences is essential for using these prepositions correctly in your writing and speaking. Here’s a quick tip: if you can replace the phrase with "from [specific time] to now," then "since" is appropriate. If you can say "for [duration]," then use "for." ??

Practice Examples

Now, let’s practice! Fill in the blanks with either "for" or "since":

• I have been working at this company ____ 2019.
• They have known each other ____ ten years.
• He has played the guitar ____ he was a child.
• We have been waiting ____ over an hour.

Answers: 1. since 2. for 3. since 4. for

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Many students mistakenly use "for" when they should use "since," and vice versa. Here are some common errors:

• Incorrect: I have worked here for 2020.
• Correct: I have worked here since 2020.

Remember, "for" cannot be used with specific dates or points in time, while "since" cannot be used with durations. ??

Final Tips for TOEFL Preparation

When preparing for the TOEFL, make sure to practice using "for" and "since" in both writing and speaking. Pay attention to the context in which you use these terms, and review sample essays and listening exercises to see how they are applied. Additionally, consider the following:

• Read articles and books in English to see these words in context.
• Practice speaking with a partner and use these terms correctly.
• Take practice tests and pay attention to grammar questions related to time expressions.

By mastering the use of "for" and "since," you will enhance your grammatical accuracy and boost your confidence on the TOEFL exam. Good luck! ??

Understanding the Difference Between "For" and "Since" in TOEFL Grammar ??

As a TOEFL test taker, mastering the nuances of English grammar is crucial for achieving a high score. One common area of confusion for many students is the use of the prepositions "for" and "since". Both words relate to time, but they are used in different contexts. In this article, we will delve into their meanings, uses, and provide examples to help clarify their differences. ??

1. The Use of "For" ?

The preposition "for" is used to indicate a duration of time. It answers the question "how long?" and is typically followed by a period of time. Here are some key points to remember:

• Duration: "For" is used to express a length of time.
• Examples: "I have lived here for five years." or "She studied English for two hours."

In these examples, "for" helps us understand the total time spent on an action. It is important to note that "for" can be used with various time expressions such as minutes, hours, days, months, and years.

2. The Use of "Since" ???

On the other hand, "since" is used to refer to a specific point in time when an action began. It answers the question "since when?" Here are some essential aspects:

• Specific Point in Time: "Since" indicates when something started.
• Examples: "I have lived here since 2018." or "She has studied English since last year."

In these cases, "since" marks the beginning of an ongoing action or situation. It is often paired with a specific date, day, month, or year.

3. Key Differences ??

To summarize the differences between "for" and "since":

• "For" = Duration: Used with a length of time (e.g., for three days).
• "Since" = Starting Point: Used with a specific time (e.g., since Monday).

4. Common Errors in TOEFL Writing ?

Many students make mistakes in their writing by confusing these two prepositions. Here are some common errors:

• Incorrect: "I have been studying English since two years." (Correct: "I have been studying English for two years.")
• Incorrect: "She has worked here for 2020." (Correct: "She has worked here since 2020.")

These errors can impact your score, so be sure to double-check your usage of "for" and "since" in your essays.

5. Practice Makes Perfect ??

To reinforce your understanding, practice using "for" and "since" in sentences. Here are some exercises you can try:

• Fill in the blanks: "I have known her ____ 2015." (Answer: since)
• Choose the correct word: "He has lived here ____ ten years." (Answer: for)

6. Real-World Application ??

Understanding the difference between "for" and "since" is not only vital for the TOEFL test but also for effective communication in English. Whether you're writing an essay or speaking with friends, using these prepositions correctly will enhance your clarity and confidence.

In conclusion, mastering the use of "for" and "since" can significantly improve your grammar skills for the TOEFL exam. By practicing regularly and being mindful of their distinct meanings, you'll be better prepared to tackle the writing and speaking sections of the test. Good luck! ??