托福閱讀高難度文章長(zhǎng)難句實(shí)例解析：恐龍大規(guī)模滅絕事件

在備戰(zhàn)托?？荚嚨倪^(guò)程中，長(zhǎng)難句的理解是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵的挑戰(zhàn),。本文將通過(guò)對(duì)恐龍滅絕事件的相關(guān)句子的分析,，幫助考生掌握長(zhǎng)難句的解析技巧。

原句案例：

Dinosaurs rapidly became extinct about 65 million years ago (as part of a mass extinction) (known as the K-T event), (because it is associated with a geological signature) (known as the K-T boundary), (usually a thin band of sedimentation found in various parts of the world). (K is the traditional abbreviation for the Cretaceous, (derived from the German name Kreidezeit)).

詞匯講解：

abbreviation /?'bri?vi'e???n/ n. 簡(jiǎn)略,，縮短

derive /d?'ra?v/ v. 獲得,，得到;源自,，源于

結(jié)構(gòu)劃分：

主句：Dinosaurs rapidly became extinct about 65 million years ago

修飾一：(as part of a mass extinction) - 介詞短語(yǔ)

修飾二：(known as the K-T event) - 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

修飾三：(because it is associated with a geological signature) - 從句

修飾四：(known as the K-T boundary) - 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

修飾五：(usually a thin band of sedimentation found in various parts of the world) - 同位語(yǔ)

修飾六：(derived from the German name Kreidezeit) - 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

深度分析：

該句的核心為：“Dinosaurs rapidly became extinct about 65 million years ago”。接下來(lái)的部分通過(guò)不同的修飾成分進(jìn)一步解釋了這一事件的背景和相關(guān)信息,。

參考翻譯：

大約在6500萬(wàn)年前,，恐龍迅速滅絕，成為K-T大規(guī)模滅絕事件的一部分,。之所以稱為K-T,，是因?yàn)樗c地質(zhì)學(xué)上的標(biāo)簽K-T邊界有關(guān)，而K-T邊界通常是一塊在世界各地都能找到的薄薄的沉積帶,。K代表的是白堊紀(jì)Cretaceous的傳統(tǒng)縮寫(xiě),，源自德國(guó)名字Kreidezeit。

通過(guò)以上分析,，考生可以更好地理解和解析托福閱讀中的長(zhǎng)難句,，從而提高閱讀理解能力，輕松應(yīng)對(duì)考試挑戰(zhàn),。

結(jié)尾：

托福閱讀高難度文章長(zhǎng)難句實(shí)例解析：恐龍大規(guī)模滅絕事件,，旨在幫助考生掌握解析長(zhǎng)難句的技巧，提升閱讀理解的能力,。希望大家能夠運(yùn)用這些方法,，在托福考試中取得優(yōu)異成績(jī),。

在托?？荚囍校喿x部分常常會(huì)讓考生感到困惑,，尤其是長(zhǎng)難句的理解,。對(duì)于許多考生而言，長(zhǎng)難句不僅僅是一個(gè)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的問(wèn)題,，更是理解整篇文章的重要環(huán)節(jié),。今天，我將分享一些解析托福閱讀長(zhǎng)難句的技巧,，希望能幫助你在考試中取得更好的成績(jī),！??

1. 理解句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu) ???

首先，面對(duì)一個(gè)長(zhǎng)難句,，我們需要從整體上把握句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu),。通常情況下，句子由主語(yǔ),、謂語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)成,。我們可以嘗試找到句子的核心成分。例如,，在句子“The rapid development of technology, which has transformed communication, has also influenced education significantly.”中,，主語(yǔ)是“the rapid development of technology”,，謂語(yǔ)是“has influenced”，而“education”則是賓語(yǔ),。通過(guò)識(shí)別這些基本成分,，我們可以更好地理解句子的意思。

2. 注意從句的使用 ??

長(zhǎng)難句中常常包含多個(gè)從句,，這些從句可能是定語(yǔ)從句,、名詞性從句或狀語(yǔ)從句。了解這些從句的作用,，可以幫助我們理清句子的邏輯關(guān)系,。例如，在句子“The book that you lent me last week, which I found very interesting, is on the table.”中,，“that you lent me last week”是定語(yǔ)從句,，修飾“the book”；而“which I found very interesting”也是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,，進(jìn)一步解釋了書(shū)籍的特點(diǎn),。通過(guò)分析從句，我們可以更深入地理解句子的含義,。

3. 識(shí)別連接詞和轉(zhuǎn)折詞 ??

連接詞和轉(zhuǎn)折詞在長(zhǎng)難句中起著重要的作用,，它們幫助我們理解句子之間的關(guān)系。例如,，“however”,、“although”、“because”等詞匯能夠指示原因,、對(duì)比或轉(zhuǎn)折,。在句子“If it rains tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic; however, if the weather is nice, we will go ahead with our plans.”中，連接詞“however”表示了前后兩部分的對(duì)比關(guān)系,。通過(guò)識(shí)別這些詞匯,，我們可以更好地把握句子的邏輯。

4. 學(xué)習(xí)常見(jiàn)的長(zhǎng)難句類型 ??

在托福閱讀中,，有一些常見(jiàn)的長(zhǎng)難句類型,，比如復(fù)合句、并列句和復(fù)雜句,。熟悉這些句型的特征，可以幫助我們?cè)诳荚囍懈斓亟馕鼍渥?。比如,，?fù)合句通常包含一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或多個(gè)從句，而并列句則由兩個(gè)或多個(gè)獨(dú)立的主句通過(guò)連接詞相連,。了解這些句型的特征,，可以提升我們的閱讀效率,。

5. 多做練習(xí)，積累經(jīng)驗(yàn) ??

最后,，提升長(zhǎng)難句解析能力的最佳方法就是多做練習(xí),。可以通過(guò)閱讀托福真題,、模擬題來(lái)提高自己的能力,。在練習(xí)中，我們可以嘗試標(biāo)記句子的結(jié)構(gòu),，找出主語(yǔ),、謂語(yǔ)、從句等成分,，從而逐步提高理解能力,。此外，建議考生在做題時(shí),，記錄下自己遇到的難句,，并進(jìn)行分析和總結(jié)，這樣可以有效鞏固所學(xué)知識(shí),。

總之,，面對(duì)托福閱讀中的長(zhǎng)難句，掌握基本結(jié)構(gòu),、分析從句,、識(shí)別連接詞以及多做練習(xí)是非常重要的。希望這些經(jīng)驗(yàn)?zāi)軌驇椭侥?，讓你在托?？荚囍懈幼孕牛〖佑停??

Understanding the Dinosaur Extinction Event: A TOEFL Reading Practice Guide ??

The extinction of the dinosaurs is one of the most fascinating topics in paleontology and serves as an excellent reading practice for TOEFL candidates. This event, which occurred approximately 66 million years ago, marks a significant turning point in Earth’s history. In this article, we will explore key aspects of the dinosaur extinction event, providing valuable insights for your TOEFL preparation.

1. Theories Behind the Extinction ??

Several theories have been proposed to explain the mass extinction that wiped out nearly 75% of Earth’s species, including the dinosaurs. The two most prominent theories are:

• Asteroid Impact Theory: This theory suggests that a massive asteroid struck the Earth, creating the Chicxulub crater in present-day Mexico. The impact would have caused massive fires, tsunamis, and a "nuclear winter" effect, significantly altering the climate.
• Volcanic Activity Theory: Another theory posits that extensive volcanic eruptions in what is now India released large amounts of volcanic gases, leading to climate change. This prolonged period of environmental stress could have contributed to the extinction.

Both theories highlight the vulnerability of ecosystems to sudden changes, a concept that can be relevant for TOEFL reading comprehension questions.

2. Evidence of Extinction ??

Fossil records provide crucial evidence of the extinction event. Key findings include:

• Iridium Layer: A layer of iridium-rich clay found in various locations worldwide supports the asteroid impact theory. Iridium is rare on Earth’s surface but common in asteroids.
• Fossil Gaps: The fossil record shows a dramatic decline in dinosaur fossils immediately following the extinction event, indicating a rapid loss of biodiversity.

Understanding these pieces of evidence can help you tackle questions about cause-and-effect relationships in the reading section of the TOEFL.

3. Impact on Ecosystems ??

The extinction of dinosaurs led to significant changes in ecosystems. With the dominant reptiles gone, mammals began to thrive and diversify. This shift paved the way for the evolution of many species, including primates and eventually humans. Recognizing the long-term effects of such events is essential for critical thinking questions in the TOEFL exam.

4. Preparing for the TOEFL Reading Section ??

When studying for the TOEFL reading section, consider the following strategies:

• Practice with Diverse Texts: Read articles, research papers, and summaries related to paleontology and other scientific fields.
• Summarize Key Points: After reading, summarize the main ideas and supporting details to reinforce comprehension.
• Answer Practice Questions: Use practice tests to familiarize yourself with the format and types of questions you may encounter.

5. Sample Question ?

After reading about the dinosaur extinction event, you might encounter a question like:

What evidence supports the asteroid impact theory of dinosaur extinction?

Answer Choices:

• A. Fossil gaps in the record
• B. Iridium layer found globally
• C. Increased volcanic activity
• D. All of the above

Correct Answer: B. Iridium layer found globally

In conclusion, understanding the dinosaur extinction event not only enriches your knowledge of Earth’s history but also enhances your reading skills for the TOEFL exam. By focusing on key concepts, practicing diverse reading materials, and answering sample questions, you can improve your performance in the reading section. Good luck! ??