對于準備托福考試的考生來說,，閱讀部分中的長難句常常是一個挑戰(zhàn),。為了幫助大家更好地應對這一難關(guān)，本文將通過具體例句進行分析,，提升大家理解和處理長難句的能力,。

The Independent Television Commission, the regulator of television advertising in the United Kingdom, has criticized advertisers for "misleadingness" — creating a wrong impression either intentionally or unintentionally — in an effort to control advertisers' use of techniques that make it difficult for children to judge the true size, action, performance, or construction of a toy.

Sentence Analysis

在這句話中，主語是The Independent Television Commission,，而謂語動詞是has criticized,。“regulator of...”作為同位語，提供了對主語的進一步解釋,。破折號之間的部分“creating a wrong impression...”是現(xiàn)在分詞短語,，修飾前面的“misleadingness”。最后,，that引導的定語從句則修飾前面的“techniques”,。

Vocabulary Review

Regulator指“監(jiān)管機構(gòu)”。

Criticize sb. for sth. 意為“因某事批評某人”,，例如：He criticized me for not finishing the work in time.

Intentionally表示“有意地”,，其名詞形式為intention。

In an effort to表示“努力去…”,，類似用法還有make every effort 表示“盡一切努力”,，spare no effort表示“不遺余力”。

Translation of the Sentence

監(jiān)管英國電視廣告的獨立電視委員會批評廣告商們的誤導行為——無論是有意還是無意地給人創(chuàng)造了一種錯誤印象,，委員會還努力控制廣告商們利用技巧,，因為這些技巧使兒童很難判斷玩具的真實尺寸、功能,、性能和構(gòu)造,。

通過以上的長難句解析，相信大家能夠更有效地應對托福閱讀中的挑戰(zhàn),。希望考生們能在日常備考中多加練習,，提升自己的閱讀理解能力，從而在考試中取得優(yōu)異成績,。

Understanding Long Sentences in TOEFL Reading ??

As a TOEFL test taker, you may have encountered long and complex sentences that can be quite challenging. These sentences often contain multiple clauses and intricate structures, making it difficult to grasp the main idea. In this article, we will explore effective strategies for breaking down these long sentences and improving your reading comprehension skills.

Identifying Key Components ??

When faced with a long sentence, the first step is to identify its key components. Look for the main clause, which usually contains the subject and verb. Then, identify any subordinate clauses that provide additional information. For example:

In this sentence, “Although the research was inconclusive” is a subordinate clause, while “the scientists believed” is the main clause. Understanding this structure helps you focus on the primary message.

Breaking Down Complex Ideas ??

Long sentences often present complex ideas that can be daunting. To tackle this, try rewriting the sentence in simpler terms. For instance:

This technique allows you to grasp the essence of the sentence without getting lost in the details.

Practice with Sample Questions ??

To improve your skills, practice with sample TOEFL reading passages. Here’s a sample question based on a long sentence:

By practicing regularly, you’ll become more comfortable with identifying the main ideas within complex sentences.

Utilizing Context Clues ??

Context clues can also aid in understanding long sentences. Pay attention to surrounding sentences and paragraphs for hints about the main idea. For example, if a sentence discusses “innovative technologies,” look for previous mentions of “climate change” to connect the dots.

Expanding Your Vocabulary ??

A strong vocabulary is essential for tackling long sentences. Familiarize yourself with academic words commonly found in TOEFL materials. Here are a few examples:

• Mitigate - to make less severe
• Inconclusive - not leading to a firm conclusion
• Urbanization - the process of making an area more urban

Understanding these terms will help you decode complex sentences more effectively.

Final Thoughts ??

Mastering long sentences in TOEFL reading requires practice and patience. By breaking down sentences, utilizing context, and expanding your vocabulary, you can enhance your comprehension skills. Remember, the key to success is consistent practice and a positive mindset. Good luck with your TOEFL preparation! ??

在準備托?？荚嚂r，閱讀部分常常是考生們感到最具挑戰(zhàn)性的環(huán)節(jié)之一,。掌握一些有效的閱讀技巧可以幫助你提高分數(shù),，并增強理解能力。以下是一些實用的托福閱讀技巧與練習,，供考生們參考,。??

1. 理解文章結(jié)構(gòu)

托福閱讀文章通常具有清晰的結(jié)構(gòu),，包括引言、主體段落和結(jié)論,。了解這一結(jié)構(gòu)可以幫助你更快地定位信息,。在閱讀時，可以嘗試標記每一段的主題句,，這樣在回答問題時能迅速找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容,。

2. 擴展詞匯量

豐富的詞匯量對理解文章至關(guān)重要。建議考生每天學習一定數(shù)量的新單詞,，并嘗試將它們應用于不同的句子中,。以下是一些常見的托福詞匯：

• Analyze (分析)
• Significant (重要的)
• Consequently (因此)
• Hypothesis (假設)

通過上下文來猜測生詞的意思也是一種有效的方法,。??

3. 練習快速閱讀

托福閱讀測試時間有限,，因此快速閱讀技巧尤為重要?？梢酝ㄟ^定時閱讀短文并盡量抓住大意來提高速度,。每次閱讀后，嘗試總結(jié)文章的主旨和重要細節(jié),。

4. 多做真題練習

通過做托福真題,，你能夠熟悉考試的題型和難度?？梢栽诰W(wǎng)上找到一些免費的練習資源,，或者購買官方的備考書籍。以下是一個典型的托福閱讀題目示例：

Passage: "The development of agriculture was a significant turning point in human history. It allowed for the establishment of permanent settlements and the growth of populations."

Question: What was one effect of the development of agriculture?

• A) Increased population growth
• B) Decreased food production
• C) More nomadic lifestyles
• D) Less reliance on animals

Answer: A) Increased population growth. ??

5. 理解題型

托福閱讀包含多種題型,，如細節(jié)題,、主旨題、推理題等,。了解每種題型的解題技巧可以提高答題效率,。例如，細節(jié)題通常需要你在文章中找到具體的信息,，而主旨題則需要你理解文章的整體意思,。

6. 注意信號詞

信號詞可以幫助你理解文章的邏輯關(guān)系,。例如,，“however”表示轉(zhuǎn)折,，“for example”用于舉例說明,。這些詞匯不僅能幫助你理解文章的內(nèi)容,，還能在回答相關(guān)問題時提供線索,。??

7. 定期模擬考試

進行完整的模擬考試可以幫助你適應考試的節(jié)奏和壓力,。在模擬考試中，盡量控制時間,，確保自己能夠在規(guī)定時間內(nèi)完成所有題目,?？梢允褂猛懈９俜降哪M考試軟件進行練習,。

8. 復習與反思

每次練習后，花時間復習錯誤的題目,，分析錯誤原因,。是否因為詞匯量不足,？還是沒有理解題意？通過反思,，你可以不斷改進自己的閱讀策略。

最后,，保持積極的心態(tài)和堅持不懈的努力是成功的關(guān)鍵,。托福閱讀部分雖然挑戰(zhàn)性大,，但只要掌握了正確的技巧和方法,，相信你會取得理想的成績,！??