在托福考試中,，閱讀部分常常會出現(xiàn)復(fù)雜的長難句,，這些句子不僅結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，還包含豐富的信息,，容易導(dǎo)致考生在理解時出現(xiàn)錯誤,。本文將通過一個關(guān)于冰川冰形成原因的例子，幫助考生掌握分析長難句的方法。

原句案例：

The ice shelf cores, (with a total length of 215 meters (705 feet)), were long enough (to penetrate through glacial ice)—(which is formed from the compaction of snow and contains air bubbles)—and (to continue into the clear, bubble-free ice) (formed from seawater) (that freezes onto the bottom of the glacial ice.)

詞匯講解：

penetrate /'pen?tre?t/ v. 進入或穿過某物;充滿,，遍布

compact /k?m'pækt/ v. 將(某物)緊壓在一起

結(jié)構(gòu)劃分：

1. (with a total length of 215 meters (705 feet)) — 介詞短語,，修飾the ice shelf cores，通常放在句子后面,。

2. (to penetrate through glacial ice) — 非謂語動詞,，表示目的。

3. (which is formed from the compaction of snow and contains air bubbles) — 從句,，修飾glacial ice,，提供更多信息。

4. (to continue into the clear, bubble-free ice) — 非謂語動詞,，表示繼續(xù)的動作,。

5. (formed from seawater) — 非謂語動詞，修飾the clear, bubble-free ice,。

6. (that freezes onto the bottom of the glacial ice.) — 從句,，修飾seawater，進一步解釋,。

深度分析：

主干：句子的主語是The ice shelf cores,，謂語是were long enough，前面的修飾成分通過括號隔開,，提供了額外的信息,。

參考翻譯：

總長為215米(705英尺)的冰架核足以穿透由壓縮的雪形成并含有氣泡的冰川冰，并繼續(xù)深入到由海水凝固而成的清澈無氣泡的冰中,。

通過上述分析,，考生可以更好地理解和應(yīng)對托福閱讀中的長難句，提高閱讀理解能力,。希望這些方法能幫助大家在考試中取得理想的成績,！

在準備托福考試的過程中,，閱讀部分常常讓考生們感到棘手,，尤其是長難句。理解這些句子不僅需要豐富的詞匯量,，還需要掌握一定的語法知識,。本文將為大家分享一些關(guān)于托福閱讀長難句解析的實用技巧，希望能幫助考生們更好地應(yīng)對這一挑戰(zhàn),。??

1. 理解句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)

長難句往往包含多個從句和修飾成分,，因此首先要明確句子的主干。通常情況下,，句子的核心是主語和謂語,。找到這兩個部分后,，句子的意思會變得更加清晰。例如：

“Although the weather was bad, the team decided to continue their journey.”

在這個句子中,，“the team decided”是主要信息，而“Although the weather was bad”則是一個讓步狀語從句,，提供了背景信息,。

2. 學會識別從句和短語

長難句中常常包含多個從句，如定語從句,、狀語從句等,。識別這些從句可以幫助我們理解句子的層次結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

“The book that you lent me last week is fascinating.”

這里“that you lent me last week”是一個定語從句,，修飾“the book”,。通過拆分句子，可以更容易理解其含義,。

3. 利用上下文推測詞義

在長難句中,，可能會遇到不熟悉的單詞。這時,，可以通過上下文來推測其大致意思,。例如：

“The researchers' findings were groundbreaking, leading to a paradigm shift in the field of biology.”

即使不認識“groundbreaking”，也可以通過“l(fā)eading to a paradigm shift”來猜測它的意義,，即“開創(chuàng)性的”,。

4. 注意連接詞的作用

連接詞在句子中起著重要的作用，它們可以指示句子之間的關(guān)系,。例如：

“Despite the challenges, the project was completed on time.”

這里的“Despite”表示轉(zhuǎn)折,，幫助我們理解句子的邏輯關(guān)系。

5. 多做練習,，積累經(jīng)驗

最有效的方法就是通過大量的閱讀練習來提高自己的能力,。可以選擇一些托福閱讀的真題進行練習,，逐步提高對長難句的理解能力,。以下是一個練習題目：

“The rapid advancements in technology have not only transformed communication but also redefined the nature of human interaction.”

嘗試分析這個句子的結(jié)構(gòu)，并找出其中的主要信息,。

6. 參考范文與解題思路

在復(fù)習過程中,，可以參考一些優(yōu)秀的范文，學習它們的句型和表達方式,。比如：

“In recent years, climate change has emerged as one of the most pressing issues facing humanity, prompting urgent calls for action from scientists and policymakers alike.”

這種句子雖然較長,，但通過分析可以發(fā)現(xiàn)其主要觀點是氣候變化的緊迫性。

7. 保持耐心與信心

最后,，面對長難句時,，保持耐心和信心是很重要的。每個人的學習節(jié)奏不同，持續(xù)的努力會帶來進步,。記住,，理解長難句是一項技能，需要時間去培養(yǎng),。??

希望以上分享能為托?？忌鷤冊陂喿x部分的備考提供幫助。在不斷的練習中,，相信你們會逐漸克服長難句的障礙,，取得理想的成績！?

Understanding the Formation of Glaciers for TOEFL Reading

As a TOEFL test-taker, mastering reading comprehension is crucial. One common topic you may encounter is the formation of glaciers. This article will help you understand the key concepts and provide tips for tackling such passages effectively. ??

What Causes Glacier Formation?

Glaciers are massive bodies of ice that form over many years from accumulated snowfall. The primary factors contributing to glacier formation include:

• Temperature: Cold temperatures are essential for snow to accumulate and not melt away. Regions with consistently low temperatures, such as polar areas or high mountains, are ideal for glacier formation. ??
• Precipitation: Areas with heavy snowfall contribute significantly to glacier formation. Snowfall must exceed the amount of melting during warmer months for glaciers to grow.
• Topography: The landscape influences how snow accumulates. Valleys and mountain slopes can trap snow, aiding in the glacier-building process.

The Process of Glacier Formation

The formation of glaciers involves several stages:

1. Snow Accumulation: Initially, snow falls and accumulates in specific areas. Over time, layers of snow build up.
2. Compaction: As more snow accumulates, the weight compresses the lower layers, turning them into firn, which is granular snow.
3. Glacial Ice Formation: Eventually, firn becomes dense enough to transform into glacial ice, marking the birth of a glacier.

TOEFL Reading Tips

When preparing for the TOEFL, consider these strategies for understanding passages about glaciers:

• Focus on Keywords: Look for terms like "accumulation," "compaction," and "glacial ice." These words often indicate important concepts related to glacier formation.
• Understand the Structure: Many TOEFL reading passages follow a clear structure. Identifying the introduction, body, and conclusion can help you find information quickly.
• Practice Summarizing: After reading a passage, try to summarize it in your own words. This will reinforce your understanding of the material.

Sample Question

Here’s an example of a question you might encounter related to glacier formation:

Question: What is the primary reason for glacier formation in polar regions?

A) High precipitation levels

B) Low temperatures

C) Mountainous terrain

D) Seasonal weather changes

Reference Answer

The correct answer is B) Low temperatures. This option highlights the critical role of cold climates in glacier formation.

New Topics to Explore

As you prepare for the TOEFL, consider exploring related topics such as:

• Climate Change: Understand how global warming affects glaciers and their melting processes.
• Glacial Movements: Learn about how glaciers move and shape the landscape over time.

Conclusion

By familiarizing yourself with the formation of glaciers and practicing reading strategies, you can enhance your comprehension skills for the TOEFL. Remember, consistent practice will lead to improvement. Good luck! ??

在備考托福的過程中,，閱讀部分常常讓許多考生感到困惑,。尤其是一些易錯句型，可能會導(dǎo)致理解偏差,，從而影響整體分數(shù),。本文將分析一些常見的易錯句型，并提供一些實用的應(yīng)對策略,，以幫助考生們提高閱讀理解能力,。??

1. 復(fù)雜句結(jié)構(gòu)

托福閱讀中，復(fù)雜句結(jié)構(gòu)是常見的難點之一,。這些句子通常包含多個從句,，容易使考生迷失方向。例如：

Although the experiment was initially deemed a failure, it provided valuable insights that led to further research.

在這個句子中,，“Although”引導(dǎo)了一個讓步狀語從句,，而主句則包含了兩個并列的內(nèi)容。在解讀這類句子時,，考生需要注意從句與主句之間的關(guān)系,，確保理解句子的完整意義。

2. 否定形式的誤解

否定句常常會讓考生產(chǎn)生誤解,，特別是在涉及雙重否定的時候,。例如：

It is not uncommon for students to struggle with time management.

這里的“not uncommon”實際上意味著“common”，因此考生在閱讀時要特別留意否定詞的使用,，以免造成理解錯誤,。

3. 多義詞的使用

英語中的多義詞往往會讓考生感到困惑。一個詞在不同語境下可能有不同的意思,。例如：

The bark of the tree was rough.

在這里,，“bark”指的是樹皮，而不是狗叫聲,?？忌谟龅蕉嗔x詞時,，應(yīng)結(jié)合上下文來判斷其具體含義。

4. 特殊句型的識別

某些特殊句型,，例如倒裝句,，也可能成為考生的障礙。例如：

Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.

在這個句子中,，正常的語序應(yīng)該是“I have never seen...”,。考生需要注意這些句型的變化,，以正確理解句子的意思。

5. 被動語態(tài)的理解

被動語態(tài)在學術(shù)文章中非常常見,，但很多考生在理解時容易混淆,。例如：

The results were analyzed by the researchers.

此句強調(diào)的是“results”，即結(jié)果,，而非研究者,。因此，考生在閱讀時要明確被動語態(tài)的主語,，以避免理解偏差,。

應(yīng)對策略

為了有效應(yīng)對這些易錯句型，考生可以采取以下策略：

• 多做練習：通過大量閱讀和練習,，熟悉不同句型的結(jié)構(gòu)和用法,。
• 標記關(guān)鍵詞：在閱讀時，可以用鉛筆或熒光筆標記出關(guān)鍵詞和重要信息,，幫助理解句子結(jié)構(gòu),。
• 總結(jié)句型：將常見的易錯句型整理成表格，定期復(fù)習,，加深印象,。
• 模擬考試：參加模擬考試，提升自己的時間管理能力和應(yīng)試技巧,。

托福閱讀的提升需要時間和耐心,，通過對易錯句型的分析和應(yīng)對策略的實施，考生們可以逐漸提高自己的閱讀理解能力,。希望這些經(jīng)驗?zāi)転槟愕耐懈淇贾诽峁椭??