在托福閱讀中，復(fù)雜的長難句常常讓考生感到困惑,。本文將通過分析一段關(guān)于水電技術(shù)的重大改變的句子,，幫助考生掌握解讀長難句的技巧。

Sentence Analysis

The expansion of the electric-power sector was driven by a series of extraordinary scientific breakthroughs and advancements in electrotechnology during the 1800s, yet noteworthy transformations in what we might currently refer to as hydro (water) technology also contributed.

In this sentence, the conjunction yet indicates a contrast between two independent clauses. The verbs in these clauses are was driven and contributed. Following the contrast, there is a noun clause functioning as the object of the preposition in, which is what we might currently refer to as hydro technology. This implies that both factors—scientific discoveries in electrotechnology and significant changes in hydro technology—were vital for the growth of the electric power industry.

Vocabulary Summary

Electric refers to anything related to electricity, such as in the term electric-power sector, meaning the electric power industry.

Extraordinary serves as an adjective meaning remarkable or exceptional. For instance, She has made extraordinary progress. Another example is, Finland is extraordinary for its many lakes. This term is frequently tested in TOEFL reading sections, similar to words like notable and incredible.

Hydro signifies related to water or hydrogen, as seen in the term hydrotherapy. In this context, hydro technology refers to water power technology.

Translation of the Sentence

The development of the electric power sector was a result of a remarkable series of scientific breakthroughs in electrotechnology during the 1800s, but the significant changes in what we now call hydro technology also played a crucial role in this growth.

通過以上分析,，我們可以看到,，理解長難句的關(guān)鍵在于識(shí)別句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。希望考生們能夠運(yùn)用這些技巧,，輕松應(yīng)對(duì)托福閱讀中的復(fù)雜句子,，取得理想成績。

對(duì)于許多托?？忌鷣碚f,，閱讀部分的長難句往往是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。理解這些句子不僅需要詞匯量,，還需要對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的敏感度,。今天，我將分享一些解析長難句的方法,，希望能幫助你在托?？荚囍腥〉酶玫某煽?！??

一、識(shí)別句子的主干

在面對(duì)復(fù)雜的長難句時(shí),，首先要做的是識(shí)別句子的主干,。這包括主語、謂語和賓語,。通常,，句子的主要信息就藏在這部分。比如,，在句子“Although the weather was bad, the event went on as planned”中,，主干是“the event went on as planned”。

二,、注意從句的使用

長難句中常常包含多個(gè)從句,，這些從句可能會(huì)使句子變得更加復(fù)雜。了解不同類型的從句（如定語從句,、狀語從句等）可以幫助你更好地理解句子,。例如，在“Students who study regularly tend to perform better on exams”中,，“who study regularly”是一個(gè)定語從句,，修飾“students”。

三,、運(yùn)用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)

標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)在長難句中起著關(guān)鍵作用,。它們可以幫助我們劃分句子的結(jié)構(gòu)。例如,，逗號(hào)通常用于分隔不同的從句或列舉項(xiàng)目,。在句子“The committee, which had been meeting for hours, finally reached a decision”中，逗號(hào)幫助我們理解“which had been meeting for hours”是一個(gè)插入語,。

四,、練習(xí)與應(yīng)用

通過不斷的練習(xí)來提高對(duì)長難句的理解能力是非常重要的。你可以嘗試以下方法：

• 閱讀托福模擬題中的長難句,，逐句分析其結(jié)構(gòu),。
• 使用在線詞典查找不懂的單詞，擴(kuò)大你的詞匯量,。
• 參加閱讀小組,，與其他考生討論和解析長難句。

五,、范文解析

讓我們來看一個(gè)例子：“Despite the fact that climate change is a pressing issue, many people still choose to ignore its effects.”

在這個(gè)句子中,，主干是“many people still choose to ignore its effects”?！癉espite the fact that climate change is a pressing issue”是一個(gè)狀語從句,，提供了背景信息,。理解這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)后，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)句子的意思變得清晰,。

六,、參考答案

當(dāng)你完成閱讀理解練習(xí)后，可以查看參考答案,，看看自己是否正確理解了長難句,。這種反饋機(jī)制能夠幫助你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的不足并加以改進(jìn)。??

七,、預(yù)測(cè)未來趨勢(shì)

根據(jù)目前的考試趨勢(shì),，長難句的出現(xiàn)頻率可能會(huì)增加。因此,，考生應(yīng)當(dāng)更加重視對(duì)復(fù)雜句子的理解與解析能力,。建議在備考時(shí)，特別關(guān)注此類句子的練習(xí),。

八,、話題與文本

在托福閱讀中,，常見的話題包括環(huán)境,、科技、教育等,。了解這些話題的相關(guān)詞匯和句型,，有助于你在考試中快速理解長難句。

例如,，閱讀文本可能涉及到“climate change”,，“renewable energy”等詞匯，而聽力文本則可能會(huì)討論“technological advancements”或“educational reforms”,。

九,、結(jié)尾提醒

在備戰(zhàn)托福閱讀時(shí)，解析長難句是必不可少的一環(huán),。通過不斷的實(shí)踐和總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn),，你一定能夠提高自己的閱讀理解能力，為托?？荚囎龊贸浞譁?zhǔn)備,。祝你好運(yùn)！??

Mastering TOEFL Reading on Hydropower Technology

As a TOEFL candidate, you may encounter various topics in the reading section. One area that could appear is hydropower technology. Understanding this subject can not only help you answer related questions but also enhance your overall comprehension skills. Here are some strategies and tips to excel in this specific topic. ??

Understanding Hydropower Technology

Hydropower is one of the oldest and most widely used sources of renewable energy. It harnesses the energy of flowing water to generate electricity. The basic principle involves converting the kinetic energy from moving water into mechanical energy, which then gets transformed into electrical energy. This process is often facilitated by dams and turbines. ??

Key Vocabulary to Know

• Turbine: A machine for generating power from a fluid.
• Reservoir: A large natural or artificial lake used as a source of water supply.
• Renewable Energy: Energy from sources that are naturally replenished.
• Sustainability: The ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level.

Sample Reading Passage

“Hydropower technology has evolved significantly over the years. Modern hydropower plants can operate more efficiently than their predecessors, thanks to advancements in turbine design and water management techniques. These innovations not only increase electricity generation but also minimize ecological impacts. Moreover, hydropower contributes to energy security by providing a stable and reliable source of power.”

Practice Questions

After reading the passage, consider the following questions:

1. What are the main advantages of modern hydropower technology?
2. How do advancements in turbine design affect energy generation?
3. Why is hydropower considered a sustainable energy source?

Answering Strategies

When tackling reading comprehension questions, keep these tips in mind:

• Skim the Passage: Quickly read through the text to grasp the main idea before diving into details.
• Highlight Keywords: Mark important terms and concepts as you read to make it easier to locate information later.
• Refer Back to the Text: Always go back to the passage when answering questions to ensure accuracy.

New Topics to Explore

Besides hydropower, consider familiarizing yourself with other renewable energy topics such as solar energy, wind power, and geothermal energy. Understanding these subjects will broaden your knowledge base and prepare you for a variety of reading passages. ??

Listening Practice

In addition to reading, practice listening skills with hydropower-related audio materials. For example, you might find a podcast discussing the future of renewable energy. Listening to experts discuss these topics can improve your comprehension and vocabulary. ??

Final Thoughts

Preparing for the TOEFL reading section requires consistent practice and exposure to different topics. By focusing on hydropower technology and other renewable energy sources, you can enhance your reading skills and boost your confidence. Remember, the key to success lies in understanding the material and developing effective reading strategies. Good luck! ??

托福閱讀易錯(cuò)句實(shí)例是每個(gè)準(zhǔn)備參加托?？荚嚨目忌紤?yīng)該關(guān)注的重點(diǎn),。托福閱讀部分不僅考查考生的詞匯量和理解能力，還特別強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語法的把握,。以下是一些常見的易錯(cuò)句及其解析,，希望能幫助你在考試中避免失誤,。??

1. 復(fù)雜句的誤解

在托福閱讀中，復(fù)雜句是常見的考點(diǎn),。例如：

“Although the study was conducted in a small town, it provided valuable insights into urban issues.”

許多考生可能會(huì)忽視“although”引導(dǎo)的從句,，導(dǎo)致對(duì)句子的整體理解出現(xiàn)偏差。要注意的是,，這個(gè)句子強(qiáng)調(diào)了研究結(jié)果的普遍性,，即使是在一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)進(jìn)行的研究，也能為城市問題提供見解,。

2. 否定句的判斷

否定句往往會(huì)讓考生產(chǎn)生誤解,。比如：

“The findings do not suggest that all species are endangered.”

這里的“do not suggest”意味著并非所有物種都面臨滅絕的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。很多考生可能會(huì)錯(cuò)誤理解為“所有物種都是安全的”,，從而導(dǎo)致錯(cuò)誤的選擇,。

3. 邏輯關(guān)系的混淆

邏輯關(guān)系在閱讀理解中至關(guān)重要?？紤]以下句子：

“While some experts believe climate change is reversible, others argue that it is too late to make significant changes.”

這個(gè)句子表明了兩種相反的觀點(diǎn),。在選擇答案時(shí)，考生需要明確理解這兩種觀點(diǎn)的對(duì)立關(guān)系,，而不是簡單地選擇其中一種,。

4. 詞義的細(xì)微差別

在閱讀中，某些詞的意義可能會(huì)影響整個(gè)句子的理解,。例如：

“The results were inconclusive, indicating that further research is necessary.”

這里的“inconclusive”意味著結(jié)果不明確,，而不是“負(fù)面”的意思?？忌枰貏e注意這些細(xì)微的詞義差別,，以免造成理解上的偏差。

5. 代詞的指代不清

代詞的使用有時(shí)會(huì)導(dǎo)致誤解,。例如：

“The committee decided to postpone the meeting because they were unprepared.”

在這個(gè)句子中,，“they”指代的是“the committee”。如果考生沒有準(zhǔn)確理解代詞的指代對(duì)象,，可能會(huì)影響對(duì)句子的整體理解,。

為了更好地準(zhǔn)備托福閱讀部分，建議考生多做模擬題,，并在做題后仔細(xì)分析每個(gè)易錯(cuò)句的結(jié)構(gòu)和含義,。通過不斷練習(xí)，考生可以提高自己的閱讀理解能力,，減少在考試中的錯(cuò)誤率,。??

另外，考生還可以參考一些優(yōu)質(zhì)的備考資料，例如：

• Sample Question: “What can be inferred from the passage about the impact of technology on education?”
• Vocabulary: “inconclusive, indicate, postpone, suggest, reverse”
• Reference Answer: “The passage suggests that technology has both positive and negative impacts on education.”

總之,，掌握托福閱讀中的易錯(cuò)句對(duì)于提升分?jǐn)?shù)至關(guān)重要,。希望以上的分享能幫助到每位考生，祝你們?cè)谕懈,？荚囍腥〉美硐氲某煽儯??