在新托?？荚囍?，閱讀部分的詞匯題是考生們常常感到棘手的一類題型，尤其是當(dāng)面對一些專業(yè)術(shù)語時,，許多考生會感到無從下手,。本文將通過一個與“Cetaceans”相關(guān)的例子,，幫助考生更好地理解和應(yīng)對這類題目,。

TOEFL Reading Vocabulary Question: Cetaceans

【Paragraph 3】 The fossil includes a complete skull of an archaeocyte, a group of ancestors that no longer exist and are related to modern cetaceans. Although only the skull is available, the Pakicetus fossil offers valuable insights into the origins of cetaceans. The skull resembles that of cetaceans, but its jawbones do not have the enlarged cavity filled with fat or oil, which is used for detecting underwater sound in contemporary whales. It is likely that Pakicetus perceived sound through the ear opening similar to land mammals. Furthermore, the skull does not possess a blowhole, which is another adaptation of cetaceans for diving. However, certain features indicate to experts that Pakicetus represents a transitional form between a group of extinct carnivorous mammals known as mesonychids and cetaceans. It is believed that Pakicetus preyed on fish in shallow waters and had not yet evolved for life in the open ocean. This species likely reproduced and gave birth on land. (The Origins of Cetaceans)

The word “valuable” in the passage is closest in meaning to

○exact

○scarce

○valuable

○initial

TOEFL Reading Vocabulary Question Answer: 1

New Question: The term “initial” in the context is most similar to

○final

○beginning

○initial

○subsequent

在托福閱讀中,，掌握詞匯題的解題技巧至關(guān)重要,。通過不斷的練習(xí)和理解文章內(nèi)容,，考生可以更有效地提升自己的閱讀能力,，取得理想的成績,。

總之,，托福閱讀中的詞匯題,，尤其是與“Cetaceans”相關(guān)的內(nèi)容,，需要考生認(rèn)真對待,。希望以上內(nèi)容能夠幫助考生在備考過程中更加得心應(yīng)手。

托?？荚囍械拈喿x部分對考生的詞匯量和理解能力提出了較高的要求，尤其是詞匯題,。掌握一些解題技巧，將有助于考生在這一部分取得更好的成績,。以下是一些關(guān)于托福閱讀詞匯題的解析與經(jīng)驗分享，希望能幫助到你,！??

1. 理解上下文

在閱讀理解中,，詞匯的意義往往依賴于上下文,?？忌鷳?yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)會通過句子的其他部分來推測不認(rèn)識單詞的意思,。例如：

Text: The scientist's findings were met with skepticism, but her data was compelling.

在這個句子中,，“skepticism”可以通過“met with”來推測出它的意思是懷疑,，而“compelling”則意味著數(shù)據(jù)是引人注目的,。??

2. 詞根詞綴的運用

許多英語單詞由詞根和詞綴構(gòu)成，掌握這些基本構(gòu)造可以幫助考生快速猜測單詞的意思,。例如：

單詞：“unpredictable”可以被拆分為“un-”（否定前綴）和“predictable”（可預(yù)測的），因此可以推斷出“unpredictable”的意思是不可預(yù)測的,。

3. 熟悉常見的詞匯題類型

托福閱讀中的詞匯題通常有幾種類型,，例如同義詞替換,、反義詞替換等。了解這些題型能幫助考生在解題時更加高效,。例如：

Question: The word “compelling” in the passage is closest in meaning to:

• A. Uninteresting
• B. Convincing
• C. Confusing
• D. Inconclusive

在這個例子中,，正確答案是B（Convincing）。

4. 增加詞匯量

最后,，增加詞匯量是提高詞匯題解答能力的根本途徑,。可以通過閱讀英文書籍,、報紙或使用詞匯卡片來擴(kuò)展詞匯量,。建議每天學(xué)習(xí)幾個新單詞，并嘗試在句子中使用它們,。??

5. 實踐練習(xí)

通過做托福閱讀練習(xí)題，可以幫助考生熟悉考試形式和提高解題速度,。建議考生在練習(xí)時，特別注意那些詞匯題,，分析每道題的選項和正確答案的邏輯,。例如：

New Question: The term “deteriorate” in the passage most nearly means:

• A. Improve
• B. Worsen
• C. Stabilize
• D. Transform

在這種情況下,，正確答案是B（Worsen），因為“deteriorate”通常指的是惡化,。

6. 參考資源

為了更好地準(zhǔn)備托福閱讀部分，考生可以利用一些參考書和在線資源。推薦的書籍包括《The Official Guide to the TOEFL Test》和《Barron's TOEFL iBT》。此外，網(wǎng)站如ETS和Quizlet也提供了豐富的練習(xí)材料,。??

總之，托福閱讀詞匯題雖然具有一定的挑戰(zhàn)性,，但通過理解上下文,、掌握詞根詞綴、熟悉題型,、增加詞匯量以及進(jìn)行實踐練習(xí),，考生能夠有效提升自己的詞匯解題能力,。希望以上的經(jīng)驗分享能夠幫助你在托?？荚囍腥〉美硐氲某煽?！加油！??

When preparing for the TOEFL exam, expanding your vocabulary can significantly enhance your performance. One fascinating topic that can be beneficial to explore is Cetaceans, which includes whales, dolphins, and porpoises. Understanding this topic not only enriches your knowledge but also provides you with relevant vocabulary that could appear in reading or listening sections. ??

Key Vocabulary Related to Cetaceans:

• Cetacean: A marine mammal belonging to the order Cetacea, which includes whales, dolphins, and porpoises.
• Echolocation: A biological sonar used by some animals, including dolphins, to navigate and hunt by emitting sound waves.
• Blowhole: A nostril located on the top of a cetacean's head, used for breathing.
• Migration: The seasonal movement of cetaceans from one region to another, often for breeding or feeding purposes.
• Pod: A social group of cetaceans, typically consisting of family members.
• Endangered: A term used to describe species at risk of extinction, often due to habitat loss or hunting.

Sample Reading Passage:

Cetaceans are remarkable creatures known for their intelligence and complex social structures. Many species, such as the humpback whale, undertake long migrations each year, traveling thousands of miles between feeding and breeding grounds. Their ability to communicate using a variety of sounds and songs has fascinated researchers for decades. Additionally, echolocation allows dolphins to navigate murky waters and locate prey effectively. ??

Potential TOEFL Question:

What adaptations do cetaceans have that enable them to thrive in aquatic environments?

Sample Answer:

Cetaceans possess several adaptations that facilitate their survival in aquatic ecosystems. Firstly, their streamlined bodies reduce drag while swimming, allowing them to travel efficiently. Secondly, the presence of a blowhole enables them to breathe easily at the surface without fully emerging from the water. Furthermore, echolocation plays a crucial role in locating food and navigating through dark or murky waters. These adaptations illustrate how cetaceans have evolved to become highly specialized marine mammals.

Listening Practice:

Listen to a lecture discussing the social behaviors of dolphins and take notes on key points related to their communication methods and group dynamics.

Example Listening Question:

How do dolphins use communication to maintain their social structure?

Sample Answer:

Dolphins utilize a range of vocalizations, including clicks and whistles, to communicate with one another. These sounds help them coordinate activities within their pod, such as hunting and navigating. Additionally, physical behaviors like leaping and tail slapping also serve as forms of communication, reinforcing social bonds among group members.

New Topic Prediction:

In upcoming TOEFL tests, it is possible that questions related to environmental conservation efforts for cetaceans may arise, focusing on the impact of human activities on these species.

Tips for TOEFL Preparation:

• Engage with diverse materials about cetaceans, including documentaries, articles, and podcasts. ??
• Practice summarizing information and answering questions based on what you read or listen to.
• Expand your vocabulary by creating flashcards with terms and their definitions.
• Join study groups to discuss topics and share insights with peers.

By immersing yourself in the world of cetaceans and mastering relevant vocabulary, you will not only prepare for the TOEFL exam but also gain a deeper appreciation for these incredible marine mammals. ??