托福聽力講座熱門難點(diǎn)話題常用詞匯整理 考古地質(zhì)類詞匯匯總

對(duì)于準(zhǔn)備托?？荚嚨目忌鷣碚f，掌握相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的高頻詞匯至關(guān)重要,。本文將為您整理出考古和地質(zhì)類的常用詞匯,，以幫助您在聽力部分更好地應(yīng)對(duì)相關(guān)內(nèi)容。

托福聽力講座高頻詞匯：地質(zhì)類

crust - Earth’s outer layer, 地殼

Core - The innermost part of the Earth, 地核

mantle - The layer between the crust and core, 地幔

Rock - Solid mineral material, 巖石

mineral - Naturally occurring substances, 礦物

aquifer - Underground layer that can yield water, 蓄水層

sediment - Particles settled from a fluid, 沉積;沉淀物

fossil - Preserved remains of ancient organisms, 化石

stratum - Layer of sedimentary rock, 地層

fault - Fracture in Earth's crust, 斷層

fold - Bend in rock layers, 折痕

Dating techniques - Methods to determine age, 年代測定技術(shù)

Earthquake - Sudden shaking of the ground, 地震

seismic waves - Waves generated by earthquakes, 地震波

epicenter - Point on Earth's surface above the focus, 震中

magnitude - Measure of earthquake size, 震級(jí)

aftershock - Smaller tremors following an earthquake, 余震

volcano - Opening in the Earth's crust that erupts lava, 火山

erode - Process of wearing away, 腐蝕,，侵蝕

sedimentary rock - Rock formed from sediments, 沉積巖

limestone - Sedimentary rock made of calcium carbonate, 石灰?guī)r

granite - Igneous rock with large crystals, 花崗巖

Eruption - Explosive release of magma, 爆發(fā)

magma - Molten rock beneath the surface, 巖漿

lava - Magma that reaches the surface, 火山巖漿

Ash - Fine particles ejected during an eruption, 火山灰

chamber - Space within a volcano, 房間

crater - Bowl-shaped depression at the top of a volcano, 火山口

Active volcano - Currently erupting or likely to erupt, 活火山

dormant volcano - Inactive but could erupt again, 休眠火山

extinct volcano - No longer capable of erupting, 死火山

bedrock - Solid rock underlying loose material, 基巖

tsunami - Large ocean wave caused by seismic activity, 海嘯

landslide - Rapid movement of earth down a slope, 山崩

mudslide - Flow of mud down a slope, 泥流

avalanche - Rapid flow of snow down a mountain, 雪崩

托福聽力講座高頻詞匯：考古類

Relative dating - Determining age based on position, 相對(duì)年齡測定

Absolute dating - Determining exact age, 絕對(duì)測年法

Radiocarbon dating - Method for dating organic materials, 放射性碳定年法

Radiometric Dating - Using decay of isotopes to date materials, 同位素年齡測定

Excavate - To dig out from the ground, 發(fā)掘

Paleolithic - The Old Stone Age, 舊石器時(shí)代

Mesolithic - The Middle Stone Age, 中石器時(shí)代

Neolithic - The New Stone Age, 新石器時(shí)代

Chronological - Arranged in order of time, 年代的

Remnant - A remaining part, 遺跡

Pottery - Ceramic ware made by shaping and then firing a non-metallic mineral, 陶

Ceramics - Objects made from clay and hardened by heat, 陶

Antique - An object having special value because of its age, 古老的

通過掌握以上詞匯,，考生可以在托福聽力的考古和地質(zhì)類講座中更自信地理解和回答問題。希望這些詞匯能夠幫助您在備考中取得更好的成績,！

托福聽力講座熱門難點(diǎn)話題常用詞匯整理 考古地質(zhì)類詞匯匯總

Preparing for the TOEFL listening section can be a daunting task, especially when it comes to mastering the vocabulary associated with common topics. This article aims to provide you with essential vocabulary that frequently appears in TOEFL listening passages and questions. By familiarizing yourself with these terms, you can enhance your comprehension skills and improve your overall performance on the test. ??

1. Academic Subjects ??

In the TOEFL listening section, you will often encounter discussions related to various academic subjects. Here are some key terms:

• Biology: The study of living organisms.
• Chemistry: The science of matter and its interactions.
• Physics: The study of matter, energy, and the fundamental forces of nature.
• Psychology: The scientific study of the mind and behavior.
• Economics: The study of how societies use resources to produce goods and services.

2. Campus Life ??

Campus-related discussions are also common in the listening section. Familiarize yourself with these words:

• Dormitory: A building where students live.
• Syllabus: An outline of the subjects in a course.
• Extracurricular: Activities outside the regular curriculum.
• Advisor: A faculty member who provides guidance to students.
• Registration: The process of enrolling in courses.

3. Environmental Issues ??

Discussions about environmental topics are often featured in TOEFL listening passages. Here are some relevant terms:

• Sustainability: Meeting current needs without compromising future generations.
• Biodiversity: The variety of life in the world or a particular habitat.
• Pollution: The introduction of harmful substances into the environment.
• Conservation: The protection and preservation of natural resources.
• Climate Change: Long-term changes in temperature and weather patterns.

4. Art and Culture ??

Art and culture are popular topics in TOEFL listening. Make sure to know these terms:

• Artistic Expression: The way an artist conveys thoughts and feelings through their work.
• Cultural Heritage: The legacy of physical artifacts and intangible attributes of a group.
• Literature: Written works, especially those considered of superior or lasting artistic merit.
• Performance Art: A live presentation that combines various artistic expressions.
• Museum: A building where art, history, or science is exhibited.

5. Technology ??

With technology becoming increasingly important, it’s essential to understand these terms:

• Innovation: The introduction of new ideas, methods, or products.
• Artificial Intelligence: The simulation of human intelligence in machines.
• Cybersecurity: The practice of protecting systems from digital attacks.
• Data Analysis: The process of inspecting and interpreting data.
• Software Development: The process of creating computer programs.

Practice Makes Perfect! ??

To effectively prepare for the TOEFL listening section, it is crucial to practice regularly. Here are some tips:

• Listen to English podcasts or lectures on various topics to enhance your listening skills.
• Take notes while listening to identify key points and vocabulary.
• Engage in discussions with peers about different subjects to practice using the vocabulary.
• Utilize TOEFL preparation materials that include listening exercises.
• Review your notes and vocabulary regularly to reinforce your memory.

By focusing on these common topics and their associated vocabulary, you will be better equipped to handle the listening section of the TOEFL. Remember that consistent practice and exposure to different subjects are key to success. Good luck with your studies! ??

As a TOEFL test taker, mastering vocabulary is essential for success, especially when it comes to specialized topics like archaeology and geology. This article aims to provide you with a comprehensive overview of key vocabulary that often appears in TOEFL reading and listening sections related to these fields. Let's dive in! ??

1. Understanding Key Terms

Familiarizing yourself with specific vocabulary can significantly enhance your comprehension skills. Here are some important terms:

• Archaeology: The study of human history and prehistory through excavation and analysis of artifacts.
• Geology: The science that deals with the Earth's physical structure and substance, its history, and the processes that act on it.
• Artifact: An object made by a human being, typically an item of cultural or historical interest.
• Sediment: Matter that settles to the bottom of a liquid; important in geological studies.
• Excavation: The process of digging up the earth to uncover artifacts or fossils.

2. Practice with Sample Questions

To help reinforce your understanding, here are some sample questions that could appear on the TOEFL exam:

Question 1: What is the primary focus of archaeology?

Answer: The primary focus of archaeology is to study past human societies through their material remains.

Question 2: How does sediment contribute to our understanding of geological history?

Answer: Sediment layers provide insights into the environmental conditions and biological activity of different geological periods.

3. Reading Comprehension Strategies

When you encounter reading passages about archaeology and geology, consider these strategies:

• Skim for Main Ideas: Quickly read the introduction and conclusion to grasp the overall theme.
• Highlight Key Vocabulary: As you read, underline or highlight important terms to remember their meanings.
• Summarize Each Paragraph: After reading, write a brief summary of each paragraph to reinforce your understanding.

4. Listening Practice

Listening exercises are equally important. Here’s a sample listening prompt:

Listening Text: "The excavation site revealed several artifacts, including pottery and tools, which date back to the Neolithic period. These findings provide valuable insights into early human life."

Question: What did the excavation site reveal?

Answer: The excavation site revealed artifacts, including pottery and tools from the Neolithic period.

5. Writing Practice

When preparing for the writing section, practice using vocabulary in context. Here’s a prompt you might encounter:

Prompt: Discuss the importance of archaeological studies in understanding human history.

Sample Answer: Archaeological studies play a crucial role in uncovering the complexities of human history. By analyzing artifacts, researchers can reconstruct past societies and understand cultural evolutions. This knowledge helps us appreciate the diversity of human experiences throughout time.

6. Predicting Potential Topics

Based on current trends, you might encounter topics such as:

• The impact of climate change on archaeological sites.
• Technological advancements in geological research.
• The significance of indigenous knowledge in archaeology.

7. Final Tips

To succeed in the TOEFL, immerse yourself in materials related to archaeology and geology. Read articles, listen to podcasts, and engage in discussions. The more exposure you have to the vocabulary and concepts, the more confident you will become. Good luck with your preparation! ???