托福閱讀高難度文章長(zhǎng)難句實(shí)例解析：鋼梁建筑中墻的本質(zhì)。在備考托福過(guò)程中,，閱讀理解部分常常會(huì)涉及到一些復(fù)雜的長(zhǎng)難句,，這些句子不僅考察考生的語(yǔ)言能力，還需要考生具備一定的邏輯分析能力,。本文將通過(guò)一個(gè)關(guān)于鋼梁建筑的例子,，幫助考生更好地理解和解析長(zhǎng)難句。

TOEFL Reading Long Sentence Analysis: The Essence of Walls in Steel Beam Buildings

Original Sentence Example:

For example, in traditional architecture, stone or brick walls served a structural role, but in a steel-beam building the walls were essentially hung from the internal skeleton of steel beams, which meant that walls and corners no longer needed to be solid but could be opened up in unexpected ways.

Vocabulary Explanation:

beam /bi?m/ n. 梁

skeleton /'sk?l?tn/ n. 骨骼,，骨架

Structural Breakdown:

(For example), (in traditional architecture), stone or brick walls served a structural role, but (in a steel-beam building) the walls were essentially hung from the internal skeleton of steel beams, (which meant) (that walls and corners no longer needed to be solid but could be opened up in unexpected ways.)

In-depth Analysis:

The main clause of this sentence is:

stone or brick walls served a structural role, but the walls were essentially hung from the internal skeleton of steel beams.

Modifier One: (For example) - Prepositional Phrase

Translation: 例如

Modifier Two: (in traditional architecture) - Prepositional Phrase

Translation: 在傳統(tǒng)建筑設(shè)計(jì)中

Modifier Three: (in a steel-beam building) - Prepositional Phrase

Translation: 在鋼梁的建筑中

Modifier Four: (which meant) - Clause

Translation: 這意味著

Modifier Five: (that walls and corners no longer needed to be solid but could be opened up in unexpected ways.) - Clause

Translation: 墻和角落不再需要是實(shí)心的而是以一種意外的方式能夠打開

Reference Translation:

例如,，在傳統(tǒng)的建筑設(shè)計(jì)中，石頭墻或磚墻起到了結(jié)構(gòu)性作用,，但在鋼梁的建筑中,，墻本質(zhì)上是懸掛在鋼梁的內(nèi)在骨架上，這意味著墻和角落不再需要是實(shí)心的而是以一種意外的方式能夠打開,。

通過(guò)這個(gè)例子,，考生可以看到如何將復(fù)雜的長(zhǎng)難句拆解成更易理解的部分。掌握這種技能,，將有助于提高托福閱讀部分的分?jǐn)?shù),。希望大家能夠運(yùn)用這些技巧,，輕松應(yīng)對(duì)各種長(zhǎng)難句，取得理想的成績(jī),。

對(duì)于托?？忌鷣?lái)說(shuō)，閱讀理解部分是一個(gè)重要的環(huán)節(jié),，而長(zhǎng)難句往往是許多考生的“攔路虎”,。在這篇文章中，我們將通過(guò)一些實(shí)用的方法和技巧,，幫助大家更好地解析托福閱讀中的長(zhǎng)難句,。??

一,、了解長(zhǎng)難句的結(jié)構(gòu)

長(zhǎng)難句通常由多個(gè)分句,、從句和修飾成分組成，了解其基本結(jié)構(gòu)是解析的第一步,。我們可以將長(zhǎng)難句分為幾個(gè)部分來(lái)理解：主句,、從句、并列句等,。例如：

“Although the research was conducted under controlled conditions, the results, which were unexpected, suggest that further studies are needed.”

在這個(gè)句子中,，“Although the research was conducted under controlled conditions”是一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，而“the results suggest that further studies are needed”是主句,。清晰地識(shí)別這些部分,，有助于我們抓住句子的核心意思。??

二,、識(shí)別關(guān)鍵詞和信號(hào)詞

長(zhǎng)難句中常常包含一些關(guān)鍵詞和信號(hào)詞,，這些詞能夠幫助我們理解句子的邏輯關(guān)系。例如：

• “however” - 表示轉(zhuǎn)折
• “therefore” - 表示因果關(guān)系
• “for example” - 表示舉例說(shuō)明

通過(guò)識(shí)別這些詞,，我們可以更容易地把握句子的脈絡(luò),。例如：

“The experiment was successful; however, it raised more questions than it answered.”

這里的“however”幫助我們理解實(shí)驗(yàn)的成功與后續(xù)問(wèn)題之間的關(guān)系。??

三,、逐步翻譯與簡(jiǎn)化

面對(duì)復(fù)雜的長(zhǎng)難句,，不妨嘗試逐步翻譯和簡(jiǎn)化。在理解每個(gè)部分的基礎(chǔ)上,，將其簡(jiǎn)化為易懂的短句,。例如：

“Despite the challenges faced by the team, their efforts led to significant advancements in technology.”

可以簡(jiǎn)化為：“The team faced challenges, but their efforts advanced technology.” 這種方法不僅幫助我們理解句子，還能提高我們的閱讀速度,。?

四,、練習(xí)與積累

解析長(zhǎng)難句的能力需要不斷的練習(xí)和積累。建議考生定期進(jìn)行以下練習(xí)：

• 閱讀托福真題中的長(zhǎng)難句,，并嘗試進(jìn)行分解和翻譯,。
• 記錄下自己遇到的難句,，并尋找相關(guān)的解析和講解。
• 參加在線學(xué)習(xí)小組,，與其他考生討論和分享解析經(jīng)驗(yàn),。

通過(guò)這些方法，考生可以逐漸提高自己的解析能力,，為托福閱讀做好準(zhǔn)備,。??

五、參考范文分析

我們來(lái)看一段托福閱讀的范文：

“The discovery of ancient artifacts, which were found in a remote area, has provided valuable insights into the civilization that once thrived there.”

在這句話中,，“which were found in a remote area”是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,，提供了關(guān)于“ancient artifacts”的額外信息。理解這一結(jié)構(gòu)后,，我們可以更清晰地把握句子的整體意思,。??

通過(guò)以上的方法和技巧，希望各位考生能夠在托福閱讀中更自信地面對(duì)長(zhǎng)難句,，提升自己的閱讀理解能力,。祝大家備考順利！??

Understanding Steel Beam Structures for TOEFL Reading

As a TOEFL test taker, you might encounter various topics in the reading section, including engineering and architecture. One such topic is steel beam structures. Understanding this subject can greatly enhance your comprehension skills and prepare you for related questions. Let's delve into this topic to better equip you for your exam! ???

What are Steel Beams?

Steel beams are critical components in construction, providing support and stability to buildings. They are made from high-strength steel, which allows them to bear heavy loads and span large distances. This makes them ideal for use in skyscrapers, bridges, and other large structures. ??

Types of Steel Beams

There are several types of steel beams, each serving a different purpose:

• I-Beams: These have a cross-section resembling the letter "I" and are commonly used due to their strength-to-weight ratio.
• H-Beams: Similar to I-beams but with wider flanges, making them suitable for heavier loads.
• T-Beams: Shaped like the letter "T," these are often used in floor systems.
• Channel Beams: These have a "C" shape and are typically used in lighter applications.

Advantages of Using Steel Beams

Steel beams offer numerous advantages in construction:

• Durability: Steel is resistant to many environmental factors, ensuring longevity.
• Flexibility: Steel can be fabricated into various shapes and sizes, accommodating different design needs.
• Cost-Effective: While the initial cost may be higher, the durability and low maintenance requirements of steel beams can lead to savings over time.

TOEFL Reading Practice: Sample Passage

Here’s a sample passage that might appear in your TOEFL reading section:

“Steel beams play a crucial role in modern construction. Their ability to support significant weight while spanning long distances makes them indispensable in the design of tall buildings and bridges. Various types of steel beams, including I-beams and H-beams, are utilized depending on the specific structural requirements. The use of steel also contributes to the overall sustainability of buildings, as it can be recycled and reused.”

Sample Questions

After reading the passage, consider the following questions:

1. What are the primary functions of steel beams in construction?
2. List two types of steel beams mentioned in the passage.
3. Why are steel beams considered sustainable?

Vocabulary to Know

Familiarize yourself with these terms, as they may appear in the reading section:

• Load: The weight that a structure must support.
• Span: The distance between two supports.
• Flange: The projecting edge of a beam.

Listening Practice

To further enhance your preparation, practice listening to discussions about steel beams. Here’s a sample listening text:

“In today’s lecture, we will explore the different types of steel beams used in construction. We will discuss their structural properties and how they contribute to the safety and efficiency of buildings. Pay attention to the examples given, as they illustrate the practical applications of these beams in real-world scenarios.”

Predicted Questions

Based on the topic of steel beams, here are some predicted questions you might encounter:

• How do steel beams compare to wooden beams in terms of strength?
• What innovations have been made in the field of steel beam construction?
• What safety considerations must be taken into account when using steel beams?

Final Tips

When preparing for your TOEFL reading section, focus on understanding the main ideas and details in passages. Practice with various texts related to engineering and architecture to familiarize yourself with the vocabulary and concepts. Good luck! ??

對(duì)于許多托?？忌鷣?lái)說(shuō),，閱讀部分往往是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。為了幫助大家更好地應(yīng)對(duì)這一部分,，我們整理了一些高難度閱讀的技巧,，希望能為你的備考之路提供一些幫助。??

1. 理解文章結(jié)構(gòu)

在托福閱讀中,，理解文章的整體結(jié)構(gòu)非常重要,。通常，學(xué)術(shù)文章會(huì)有引言,、主體段落和結(jié)論,。了解這些部分可以幫助你快速找到信息。例如：

• Introduction: 介紹主題和背景,。
• Body Paragraphs: 詳細(xì)闡述觀點(diǎn)和證據(jù),。
• Conclusion: 總結(jié)主要觀點(diǎn)。

通過(guò)識(shí)別這些結(jié)構(gòu),，你可以更快地定位到答案所在的位置,。???

2. 增強(qiáng)詞匯量

詞匯量的豐富程度直接影響理解能力。建議考生每天花時(shí)間背誦常見(jiàn)的學(xué)術(shù)詞匯,。以下是一些常見(jiàn)的托福閱讀詞匯：

• Analyze: 分析
• Significant: 重要的
• Theory: 理論
• Contribute: 貢獻(xiàn)

掌握這些詞匯后,，你將更容易理解文章的主旨。??

3. 學(xué)會(huì)做筆記

在閱讀時(shí),，適當(dāng)做筆記可以幫助你記住重要的信息,。你可以使用簡(jiǎn)短的符號(hào)或縮寫來(lái)記錄關(guān)鍵點(diǎn),。比如，在閱讀一篇關(guān)于生態(tài)學(xué)的文章時(shí),，可以做如下筆記：

• Ecosystem = 生態(tài)系統(tǒng)
• Biodiversity = 生物多樣性
• Impact of pollution = 污染的影響

這樣做可以幫助你在回答問(wèn)題時(shí)迅速回憶起相關(guān)內(nèi)容,。??

4. 練習(xí)題型

托福閱讀部分的題型多樣，包括：

• Detail Questions: 細(xì)節(jié)題
• Inference Questions: 推斷題
• Main Idea Questions: 主旨題

針對(duì)不同題型,，考生需要采取不同的解題策略,。例如，細(xì)節(jié)題通常要求你找到文章中的具體信息,，而主旨題則需要你總結(jié)整篇文章的核心思想,。??

5. 定期模擬測(cè)試

定期進(jìn)行完整的模擬測(cè)試可以幫助你熟悉考試的節(jié)奏和時(shí)間管理。建議每周至少進(jìn)行一次全真模擬,，盡量模擬考試環(huán)境,，保持專注。??

6. 多讀學(xué)術(shù)文章

多接觸各種學(xué)術(shù)文章,，尤其是你感興趣的領(lǐng)域,，可以提升你的閱讀理解能力。你可以選擇以下主題進(jìn)行閱讀：

• Environmental Science: 環(huán)境科學(xué)
• Psychology: 心理學(xué)
• History: 歷史

通過(guò)閱讀不同類型的文章,，你可以更好地適應(yīng)托福閱讀中的各種內(nèi)容。??

7. 注意時(shí)間管理

托福閱讀部分時(shí)間有限,，因此合理的時(shí)間管理至關(guān)重要,。建議你在每篇文章上花費(fèi)不超過(guò)20分鐘，這樣可以確保你有足夠的時(shí)間完成所有題目,。?

希望以上技巧能夠幫助你在托福閱讀中取得更好的成績(jī),！祝你備考順利！??