在托福閱讀中,，長難句是考生們常常感到棘手的部分,。通過分析一些復(fù)雜句子，我們可以更好地理解其結(jié)構(gòu)和含義,。本文將以13世紀(jì)農(nóng)民的努力為例,，幫助考生掌握分析長難句的方法。

Sentence Analysis

Vocabulary Review

expand as a verb means "to increase or enlarge," for example: The population of the town expanded rapidly in the 1960s. 20世紀(jì)60年代,，這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)子的人口迅速增加。 The phrase expand on means "to elaborate or provide more details," such as: The minister expanded on the government’s proposal. 部長就政府的方案作了詳細(xì)闡述,。

arable as an adjective refers to "suitable for cultivation," like arable land, which means "land that can be farmed."

dam as a noun means "a barrier to hold back water."

terrace as a noun refers to "steps or terraces for farming."

intensify as a verb means "to increase or escalate," for example: They had intensified their military campaign. 他們加強(qiáng)了軍事進(jìn)攻,。 Police have intensified the search for the lost child. 警方已經(jīng)加緊尋找那個(gè)失蹤的孩子,。

Sentence Translation

To feed a growing population, there was a corresponding need for more arable land. Some scholars emphasized this demand and elaborated on their views: the construction of small dams, reservoirs, terraces, and houses all indicate that the farmers of the 13th century were working doubly hard.

以上就是托福閱讀中長難句的訓(xùn)練分析介紹,。希望通過這樣的實(shí)例解析，考生能夠掌握有效的技巧,，以便在面對(duì)復(fù)雜句子時(shí)更加從容不迫,，爭取在考試中取得高分。

托福閱讀長難句解析技巧

對(duì)于許多托?？忌鷣碚f,，長難句是閱讀理解中的一大挑戰(zhàn)。面對(duì)復(fù)雜的句子結(jié)構(gòu),，很多考生感到無從下手,。今天,，我將分享一些有效的解析長難句的技巧，幫助你在托福閱讀中提高分?jǐn)?shù),！??

1. 理解句子結(jié)構(gòu)

首先,，要掌握句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)。一般來說,，句子由主語,、謂語和賓語組成。長難句往往包含多個(gè)從句和修飾成分,。我們可以通過以下步驟來解析：

• 找出主句：識(shí)別句子的主要意思,。
• 識(shí)別從句：找出定語從句、狀語從句等,，并理解它們對(duì)主句的修飾作用。
• 關(guān)注連接詞：注意“although”,、“because”,、“which”等連接詞，它們能幫助你理解句子邏輯,。

例如,，以下句子：

“The book, which was published in 1990, provides insights into the cultural practices of ancient civilizations.”

在這個(gè)句子中，“The book”是主語,，而“which was published in 1990”是定語從句，提供了關(guān)于書籍的額外信息,。理解這些結(jié)構(gòu)后,，句子的意思就會(huì)變得清晰許多。??

2. 拆分長句

當(dāng)遇到非常復(fù)雜的長句時(shí),，可以嘗試將其拆分,。將句子分成幾個(gè)更小的部分,，有助于逐步理解。例如：

“Despite the fact that many people believe climate change is a hoax, scientists have provided substantial evidence to the contrary.”

我們可以將其拆分為兩部分：“Many people believe climate change is a hoax” 和 “Scientists have provided substantial evidence to the contrary”,。通過這樣的拆分,，我們可以更容易地把握句子的核心意思,。??

3. 學(xué)習(xí)常用詞匯與短語

托福閱讀中常出現(xiàn)的一些詞匯和短語也可能成為理解長難句的關(guān)鍵,。以下是一些常見的例子：

• In addition to - 除了
• As a result of - 由于
• On the other hand - 另一方面

熟悉這些詞匯和短語，能夠幫助你快速理解句子的邏輯關(guān)系,。??

4. 多做練習(xí)

最后,，最有效的方式就是多做練習(xí)。通過不斷接觸長難句,，你會(huì)逐漸培養(yǎng)出敏感度,。建議考生可以使用以下資源進(jìn)行練習(xí)：

• TOEFL Reading Practice Tests
• Online TOEFL Preparation Websites
• TOEFL Vocabulary Lists

同時(shí),，記得記錄下自己在練習(xí)中遇到的長難句，并進(jìn)行分析,。這樣不僅能提高閱讀能力,，還能豐富詞匯量。??

5. 參考范文與題目

了解一些典型的閱讀題目和范文,，也有助于提高你的理解能力,。例如：

“Although the theory of evolution is widely accepted, there are still many who dispute its validity.”

在這個(gè)句子中,，盡管有一個(gè)普遍接受的理論，但仍然有人持不同意見,。理解這種對(duì)比關(guān)系,，可以幫助我們更好地回答相關(guān)問題。

通過以上方法,，相信大家在面對(duì)托福閱讀的長難句時(shí),，能夠更加從容不迫。祝愿每位考生都能在考試中取得理想的成績,！??

對(duì)于準(zhǔn)備托福考試的考生來說,，閱讀部分通常是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn),。掌握一些有效的閱讀技巧可以幫助你更好地應(yīng)對(duì)這一部分的考試,。本文將分享一些實(shí)用的托福閱讀技巧與實(shí)例，幫助你提升閱讀理解能力,。??

1. 理解題型

在托福閱讀中,，了解常見的題型是非常重要的。以下是幾種常見的題型：

• Detail Questions: 這些問題要求你找到文章中的具體信息,。
• Inference Questions: 這類問題需要你根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容進(jìn)行推理。
• Main Idea Questions: 這些問題詢問文章的主要觀點(diǎn)或主題,。
• Vocabulary Questions: 你需要理解特定單詞在上下文中的含義,。

2. 快速瀏覽與精讀

在開始回答問題之前，快速瀏覽文章是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇,。你可以通過以下步驟來提高效率：

• Skimming: 快速閱讀標(biāo)題,、段落首句和結(jié)尾句，以獲取文章的大意,。
• Scanning: 針對(duì)具體問題,，在文章中尋找關(guān)鍵詞,。

3. 做筆記與標(biāo)記

在閱讀過程中,，適當(dāng)做筆記和標(biāo)記可以幫助你更好地理解和記憶文章內(nèi)容,。你可以使用不同顏色的熒光筆來標(biāo)記重要信息,。例如：

• Blue: 重要概念
• Green: 例子或數(shù)據(jù)
• Red: 關(guān)鍵詞或轉(zhuǎn)折詞

4. 練習(xí)示例題

通過練習(xí)實(shí)際的托福閱讀題目,，你可以熟悉考試的格式和要求,。以下是一個(gè)示例題目：

Reading Text:

The Arctic is experiencing rapid climate change, which has significant effects on its ecosystems. The melting of ice caps is leading to rising sea levels and loss of habitat for polar bears.

Question:

What is one consequence of climate change mentioned in the passage?

Answer Choices:

• A) Increased rainfall
• B) Rising sea levels
• C) More polar bears
• D) Cooler temperatures

Correct Answer: B) Rising sea levels

5. 時(shí)間管理

托福閱讀部分有嚴(yán)格的時(shí)間限制,，因此合理安排時(shí)間至關(guān)重要。建議每篇文章花費(fèi)10-15分鐘,，包括閱讀和答題,。你可以在練習(xí)時(shí)計(jì)時(shí)，以提高自己的速度和效率,。?

6. 復(fù)習(xí)與反饋

在完成練習(xí)后,，及時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)和分析錯(cuò)題是提升閱讀能力的重要環(huán)節(jié)。找出錯(cuò)誤的原因,，并針對(duì)弱點(diǎn)進(jìn)行專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練?？梢詤⒖家韵滦骂}進(jìn)行練習(xí)：

New Reading Text:

Recent studies show that urban green spaces improve mental health by providing a place for relaxation and recreation.

Question:

According to the passage, how do urban green spaces affect mental health?

Answer Choices:

• A) They increase pollution.
• B) They provide recreational opportunities.
• C) They reduce the number of parks.
• D) They make cities less attractive.

Correct Answer: B) They provide recreational opportunities.

通過不斷練習(xí)和應(yīng)用這些技巧,，你將能夠在托福閱讀部分獲得更好的成績,。記住,，耐心和堅(jiān)持是提高閱讀能力的關(guān)鍵,。祝你備考順利,！??

In the context of the 13th century, understanding the historical background of peasants is essential for TOEFL candidates preparing for their exams. The life of peasants during this period was shaped by various socio-economic factors, and grasping these can enhance your comprehension skills, which is crucial for both reading and listening sections of the TOEFL test. ??

Feudal System and Peasant Life

The 13th century was characterized by the feudal system, where society was structured around relationships derived from the holding of land in exchange for service or labor. Peasants, often referred to as serfs, were bound to the land they worked on. They were not free to move or seek better opportunities without the permission of their lords. This created a rigid social hierarchy that significantly impacted their daily lives. ?????

Economic Conditions

During this period, the economy was predominantly agrarian. Most peasants engaged in farming, producing crops like wheat, barley, and rye. The productivity of these crops depended heavily on the weather and soil quality. Additionally, peasants had to pay taxes and rents to their lords, which could be burdensome, especially in years of poor harvest. Understanding these economic conditions can help you answer related questions in the TOEFL reading section effectively. ??

Social Structure and Community

Peasants lived in small villages and relied on one another for support. Their communities were tightly knit, with shared responsibilities for farming and communal activities. Festivals and religious observances played a significant role in their social lives, providing a sense of belonging and community spirit. This aspect of peasant life is often explored in TOEFL listening exercises, where you might hear discussions about social dynamics. ??

Challenges Faced by Peasants

Life as a peasant was fraught with challenges. Aside from the economic strain, they faced threats from wars, invasions, and natural disasters. The Black Death, which struck in the mid-14th century, had devastating effects on the population, but even in the 13th century, peasants were already vulnerable to various hardships. Recognizing these challenges can aid in comprehending historical texts or lectures in the TOEFL exam. ??

Role of Religion

Religion also played a critical role in the lives of peasants. The Church was a central institution, providing not only spiritual guidance but also social services such as education and charity. Many peasants looked to the Church for support during difficult times, and it influenced their worldview. Questions in the TOEFL reading section may touch upon the significance of religion in medieval society, making this knowledge beneficial for test-takers. ?

Conclusion

In summary, the 13th-century peasant's life was shaped by a combination of economic, social, and religious factors. For TOEFL candidates, understanding these elements is crucial for improving reading comprehension and listening skills. Familiarity with this historical context will not only assist in answering questions but also enrich your overall knowledge of medieval history. Good luck with your preparation! ??