托福閱讀高難度文章長難度句實(shí)例解析：打哈欠的科學(xué)原理是許多考生在備考過程中遇到的一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn),。理解這些復(fù)雜的句子對于提高閱讀理解能力至關(guān)重要,。本文將以“打哈欠的科學(xué)原理”為例，幫助大家解析長難句,，掌握解題技巧,。

TOEFL Reading Complex Sentence Example

Sentence Analysis

This sentence originates from the official practice test, Official 18, in the article titled "The Mystery of Yawning". Many students find this sentence particularly challenging. First, we need to identify the core components of the sentence, specifically the main verbs: takes place and serves. One of the difficulties here is that through deeper breathing acts as an interruptive phrase, which can confuse comprehension. It may be helpful to skip over it initially and connect the content before and after it, leading us to by reversing the drop in blood oxygen levels. The clause that follows, that are caused by..., is a relative clause modifying blood oxygen levels. Additionally, another challenge arises within this relative clause: it contains another embedded relative clause introduced by that accompanies..., which describes breathing.

Vocabulary Review

Sentence Translation

Now, let's translate the sentence together: "According to traditional theories, people yawn when they feel bored or tired. Lack of sleep or feelings of boredom can lead to shallow breathing, which causes a decrease in blood oxygen levels. Yawning can reverse this drop in blood oxygen through deeper breathing, thereby enhancing alertness."

In summary, understanding complex sentences in TOEFL reading passages, such as the example of yawning, is crucial for achieving a high score. By practicing these techniques, you will find it easier to tackle long sentences and improve your overall reading comprehension skills.

在準(zhǔn)備托福考試的過程中,，閱讀部分常常讓考生感到困惑,，尤其是長難句的理解,。為了幫助大家更好地應(yīng)對這一挑戰(zhàn)，本文將分享一些長難句的解析技巧和經(jīng)驗(yàn),，希望能為您的備考提供幫助,。??

一、了解長難句的結(jié)構(gòu)

長難句通常由多個(gè)從句或短語構(gòu)成,，理解其結(jié)構(gòu)是關(guān)鍵,。首先，注意句子的主干部分,，即主語,、謂語和賓語。接下來,，識別出修飾成分,，如定語從句和狀語從句，這些成分通常會增加句子的復(fù)雜性,。

例如,，在句子“The book that was written by the famous author, who won several awards, is on the table.”中，主干是“the book is on the table”,，而“that was written by the famous author”和“who won several awards”則是修飾成分,。通過拆分句子，我們可以更清晰地理解其含義,。

二,、掌握常見的連接詞和從句類型

長難句中常用的連接詞有“although”、“because”,、“since”,、“which”等。了解這些連接詞的用法,，可以幫助我們更好地理解句子的邏輯關(guān)系,。例如：

• Although it was raining, we decided to go hiking. (盡管下雨，我們還是決定去遠(yuǎn)足,。)
• The reason why he passed the exam is that he studied hard. (他通過考試的原因是他努力學(xué)習(xí),。)

三、練習(xí)拆分和重組句子

在備考過程中,，建議考生多做一些長難句的拆分和重組練習(xí),。這不僅能提高理解能力，還能增強(qiáng)對句子結(jié)構(gòu)的敏感度,。嘗試將以下句子拆分：

“The research conducted by the university, which focuses on climate change, has revealed significant data that supports the theory.”

拆分后可得：

• “The research has revealed significant data.”
• “The research was conducted by the university.”
• “The university focuses on climate change.”
• “The data supports the theory.”

四,、利用上下文推測詞義

在閱讀長難句時(shí)，遇到不認(rèn)識的單詞是常有的事,。此時(shí),，可以通過上下文來推測詞義,。例如：

“The phenomenon, which had been previously unexplained, began to attract the attention of scientists.”

通過上下文，我們可以推測“phenomenon”指的是一種現(xiàn)象,，而“unexplained”則暗示這種現(xiàn)象尚未被理解。

五,、做題技巧

在托福閱讀中,，答題時(shí)要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

• 仔細(xì)閱讀題目，確保理解所問內(nèi)容,。
• 回到原文中找相關(guān)信息,，避免憑空猜測。
• 對于長難句,，盡量找出句子的主干和修飾部分,，理清邏輯關(guān)系。

例如,，題目可能是：“What does the author imply about the phenomenon?” 在解答時(shí),，可以回到原文，尋找與現(xiàn)象相關(guān)的句子,，并分析其含義,。

六、推薦資源

為了提高托福閱讀能力,，建議考生使用以下資源：

• Official TOEFL Practice Online - 提供真實(shí)的考試模擬,。
• TOEFL Reading Flashcards - 幫助記憶重要詞匯。
• Reading Comprehension Practice Tests - 進(jìn)行專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練,。

通過不斷的練習(xí)和積累,，相信您能夠有效提升托福閱讀的能力，順利通過考試,！加油,！??

Understanding Yawning: The Science Behind It

As a TOEFL test-taker, you may encounter various topics in the reading section, including those related to human behavior and physiology. One such intriguing topic is yawning. In this article, we will explore the scientific principles behind yawning, which can not only enhance your knowledge but also prepare you for potential reading passages on the exam. ??

What is Yawning?

Yawning is a common physiological behavior characterized by the opening of the mouth, inhalation of air, and stretching of the eardrums. It often occurs when we are tired, bored, or even when we see someone else yawn. This phenomenon, while seemingly simple, is quite complex and has fascinated scientists for years.

Theories Behind Yawning

There are several theories regarding why we yawn:

• Physiological Regulation: One popular theory suggests that yawning helps increase oxygen intake and regulate brain temperature. When we yawn, we take a deep breath, which can help to refresh our oxygen levels. ???
• Social Communication: Another theory posits that yawning serves as a form of non-verbal communication. It can signal tiredness or boredom to others, potentially fostering group behavior in social animals. ??
• Transition States: Yawning may also occur during transitions between wakefulness and sleep. It’s a way for our body to prepare for changes in alertness. ??

Yawning and the Brain

The act of yawning involves several brain regions, particularly the hypothalamus, which plays a key role in regulating sleep and arousal. Studies have shown that certain neurotransmitters, like dopamine, are involved in the yawning process. Understanding these mechanisms can provide insights into how our brain functions during different states of consciousness.

Common Misconceptions

Despite its commonality, there are many misconceptions about yawning:

• Yawning is Contagious: You may have noticed that seeing someone yawn can trigger you to yawn as well. This is due to a phenomenon known as social contagion, which is believed to be linked to empathy and social bonding. ??
• Yawning Indicates Boredom: While yawning can indicate boredom, it can also be a sign of fatigue or a need for increased oxygen. It’s essential to consider the context in which yawning occurs.

Preparing for the TOEFL Reading Section

When studying for the TOEFL, it’s beneficial to familiarize yourself with varied topics, including scientific concepts like yawning. Here are some tips to enhance your preparation:

• Read Widely: Explore articles from scientific journals, magazines, and books that discuss human behavior and physiology.
• Practice Vocabulary: Familiarize yourself with terms related to psychology and biology. Words like "neurotransmitter," "physiological," and "contagion" can appear in reading passages.
• Take Practice Tests: Use TOEFL practice tests to become comfortable with the format and types of questions you may encounter. ??

Sample Reading Passage

Here’s a brief sample passage that resembles what you might find in the TOEFL reading section:

"Yawning is a behavior observed in many vertebrates, including humans. It is often associated with transitions in alertness and can be triggered by various factors, including fatigue and social cues. Researchers continue to investigate the underlying mechanisms of yawning, aiming to understand its purpose and significance in both individual and social contexts."

Practice Questions

After reading the passage, consider these questions:

• What are some factors that can trigger yawning?
• Why do researchers believe yawning is significant in social contexts?

By understanding the science behind yawning and preparing effectively for the TOEFL, you can improve your reading comprehension skills and perform better on the test. Good luck! ??