在備考托?？荚嚨倪^程中，詞匯量的積累是至關重要的,。尤其是對于托福聽力部分,，考生需要掌握一些常見的考古學詞匯，以幫助更好地理解聽力材料,。下面,，我們將為大家整理一份托福聽力中常見的考古學詞匯匯總，希望能助力你的備考,。

Key Vocabulary in Archaeology

1. psychological anthropologist - 心理人類學家

2. origin - 起源

3. originate - 起源于

4. ancestor - 祖先

5. hominid - 人(科)

6. homogeneous - 同一種族(種類)的

7. tribe - 部落

8. clan - 氏族

9. archeologist - 考古學家

10. excavation - 挖掘

11. excavate - (unearth) 挖掘

12. ruins - 遺跡,，廢墟

13. remains - 遺跡，遺骸

14. artifact - 手工藝品

15. relic - 遺物,，文物

16. antique - 古物,，古董

17. antiquity - 古代，古老

18. Stone Age - 石器時代

19. Bronze Age - (青)銅器時代

20. Iron Age - 鐵器時代

21. Paleolithic - 舊石器時代的

22. Mesolithic - 中石器時代的

23. Neolithic - 新石器時代的

24. archaeology - 考古學

25. anthropology - 人類學

26. morphology - 形態(tài)學

27. skull - 顱骨

28. cranial - 顱骨的

Ecological Terms Related to Archaeology

1. ecology - 生態(tài)學

2. ecologist - 生態(tài)學家

3. ecosystem - 生態(tài)系統

4. balance (of nature) - 自然界生態(tài)平衡

5. fauna - 動物群

6. flora - 植物群

掌握這些考古學相關的詞匯,，不僅可以幫助你在托福聽力中更好地理解內容,，還能提升你的整體英語水平。希望這份詞匯匯總能夠為你的備考之路帶來便利與幫助,！

Preparing for the TOEFL exam can be a daunting task, especially when it comes to mastering specific vocabulary related to subjects like archaeology. In this article, we will focus on essential vocabulary and tips that can help you excel in the listening section of the TOEFL, particularly when dealing with archaeological topics. ??

Understanding Archaeological Vocabulary

Archaeology involves a lot of specialized terminology. Here are some key terms you should familiarize yourself with:

• Excavation: The process of digging up the remains of past human life and activities.
• Artifact: Any object made or used by humans, typically an item of cultural or historical interest.
• Site: A location where archaeological remains are found.
• Chronology: The arrangement of events in the order of their occurrence.
• Stratigraphy: The study of rock layers and layering, crucial for understanding the context of archaeological finds.

Practice Listening Skills

To improve your listening skills for the TOEFL, especially regarding archaeology, consider the following strategies:

• Listen to Documentaries: Find documentaries on archaeology. Pay attention to how experts use terminology in context. ??
• Engage with Podcasts: There are many podcasts dedicated to archaeology. They often discuss recent findings and theories, which can enhance your vocabulary. ??
• Use Practice Tests: Familiarize yourself with the format of TOEFL listening questions. Websites like ETS provide sample questions that mirror the actual test. ??

Sample Listening Exercise

Here’s a brief example of what you might encounter in the listening section:

Listening Text: "Today, we will explore the excavation site of ancient Pompeii. The stratigraphy of this site reveals much about the daily lives of its inhabitants before the eruption of Mount Vesuvius." ??

Question: What does the speaker imply about the significance of stratigraphy in archaeology?

Answer: The speaker implies that stratigraphy is crucial for understanding the historical context of the site and the lives of its inhabitants.

Building Your Vocabulary

Incorporate new words into your daily routine. Here are some tips:

• Flashcards: Create flashcards for each term. On one side, write the word, and on the other, include its definition and an example sentence.
• Use in Context: Try to use new vocabulary in sentences related to your studies or interests. This helps reinforce your memory. ??
• Group Study: Discuss archaeological topics with peers. Teaching others is a great way to solidify your understanding. ??

Anticipating Exam Questions

During the listening section, expect questions that test your comprehension of the material. Here are common types of questions:

• Main Idea Questions: "What is the main topic of the lecture?"
• Detail Questions: "According to the speaker, what evidence supports the theory of trade between ancient civilizations?"
• Inference Questions: "What can be inferred about the social structure of the civilization discussed?"

New Trends in Archaeology

Stay updated on current archaeological discoveries and methods. This not only enriches your vocabulary but also provides context for listening exercises. For example, recent advancements in technology, like ground-penetrating radar, have revolutionized how archaeologists conduct excavations. Knowing such trends can help you answer questions more effectively. ??

By focusing on these strategies and familiarizing yourself with key archaeological vocabulary, you can enhance your performance in the TOEFL listening section. Remember, consistent practice and engagement with the material are vital for success. Good luck! ??

對于每位準備參加托?？荚嚨目忌鷣碚f，掌握豐富的詞匯量是成功的關鍵之一,。以下是一些有效的托福詞匯備考技巧,，幫助你在考試中取得更好的成績！??

1. 制定詞匯學習計劃

制定一個合理的學習計劃是非常重要的,。你可以每天設置一個目標,，例如學習10個新單詞，并在每周進行復習,。保持一致性會讓你的記憶更加牢固,！???

2. 使用詞匯卡片

詞匯卡片是一種非常有效的學習工具。你可以在卡片的一面寫上單詞,，另一面則寫上其定義和例句,。通過反復翻閱這些卡片，可以加深對單詞的理解和記憶,。??

3. 多樣化學習方式

除了傳統的記憶方法,，你還可以通過閱讀,、聽力和寫作來鞏固詞匯。例如,，選擇一些英語文章或書籍進行閱讀,，遇到不懂的單詞時,，記下來并查找其意思,。這樣不僅能擴大詞匯量，還能提高你的語言理解能力,。??

4. 了解詞根詞綴

掌握一些常見的詞根和詞綴可以幫助你推測不認識的單詞的意思,。例如，前綴“un-”通常表示否定,，而后綴“-able”表示可以……的,。通過這樣的方式，你可以在考試中更快速地理解詞匯,。??

5. 進行模擬測試

參加模擬測試是檢驗自己詞匯掌握情況的好方法,。你可以使用托福模擬題，特別是在閱讀和聽力部分,，盡量多做練習,，以適應考試的節(jié)奏和題型。??

6. 參與討論和交流

與同學或朋友進行英語討論也是提高詞匯量的有效方式,。在交流中嘗試使用新學的單詞,，這樣可以增強記憶，同時提升口語表達能力,。??

7. 關注詞匯的用法

了解一個單詞的不同用法和搭配也很重要,。例如，某些動詞常與特定的名詞搭配,，掌握這些搭配可以讓你的表達更加地道,。你可以通過查閱詞典或相關資料來學習這些用法。??

8. 定期復習

學習新單詞后,，定期復習是確保記憶持久的關鍵,。你可以利用間隔重復法，每隔一段時間復習之前學過的單詞,，這樣可以有效防止遺忘,。??

9. 保持積極的心態(tài)

最后，保持積極的學習態(tài)度是非常重要的,。面對詞匯學習的挑戰(zhàn)時,，不要氣餒，適時給自己一些鼓勵和獎勵,，讓學習過程變得更加愉快,！??

通過以上這些技巧,，相信你能夠更有效地備考托福詞匯。記住,，詞匯的積累是一個循序漸進的過程,，保持耐心和恒心，你一定能在托?？荚囍腥〉美硐氲某煽?！??